| CSF 1.1 |
Innovative profile |
The startup's ability to develop innovative products. |
Caseiro & Coelho (2019)Caseiro, N., & Coelho, A. (2019). The influence of Business Intelligence capacity, network learning and innovativeness on startups performance. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(3), 139-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.03.009.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.03....
; Samaeemofrad & Van Den Herik (2018bSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018b). The relation between support by business incubators and performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331...
; 2018aSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018a). The effectiveness of finance mobilization by business incubators on the performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436344.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.84363...
); Jones & Crick (2000)Jones, M., & Crick, D. (2000). High-technology firms’ perceptions of their international competitiveness. International Journal of Business Performance Management, 2(4), 311-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBPM.2000.000086.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBPM.2000.000...
; Skawińska & Zalewski (2020)Skawińska, E., & Zalewski, R. I. (2020). Success factors of startups in the EU-a comparative study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 8200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200...
; Tangkesalu & Suseno (2018)Tangkesalu, A. A., & Suseno, J. E. (2018). Information system of performance assesment on startup business using simple multi-attribute rating technique exploiting ranks (SMARTER). In M. Warsito & B. Hadiyanto (Eds.), E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 73). Les Ulis Cedex: EDP Sciences.; Teixeira & Ferreira (2019)Teixeira, A. A. C., & Ferreira, C. (2019). Intellectual property rights and the competitiveness of academic spin-offs. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(3), 154-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.12.002.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.12....
; Xiao & Zhao (2017)Xiao, J., & Zhao, Y. (2017). Key intellectual capital factors of competitiveness for startups: evidence from China. In E. Tsui & B. Cheung (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management & Organisational Learning (pp. 301–309). Red Hook: Curran Associates.
|
| CSF 1.2 |
Intellectual property protection |
Formal and informal mechanisms for the protection of intellectual property. |
Marullo et al. (2018)Marullo, C., Casprini, E., Di Minin, A., & Piccaluga, A. (2018). ‘Ready for Take-off’: how open innovation influences startup success. Creativity and Innovation Management, 27(4), 476-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272...
; Teixeira & Ferreira (2019)Teixeira, A. A. C., & Ferreira, C. (2019). Intellectual property rights and the competitiveness of academic spin-offs. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(3), 154-161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.12.002.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.12....
|
| CSF 1.3 |
Research and Development (R&D) |
Investments in research and development within the organization. |
Franca Vargas et al. (2016)Franca Vargas, C. A., Rech, I., & dos Santos, S. A. (2016). Enterprise competitiveness factors in companies located in a Brazilian technological park. Revista Gestao & Tecnologia-Journal of Management and Technology, 16(2), 100-126.; Jones & Crick (2000)Jones, M., & Crick, D. (2000). High-technology firms’ perceptions of their international competitiveness. International Journal of Business Performance Management, 2(4), 311-328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBPM.2000.000086.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJBPM.2000.000...
; Rydehell et al. (2019)Rydehell, H., Isaksson, A., & Löfsten, H. (2019). Effects of internal and external resource dimensions on the business performance of new technology-based firms. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23(1), 1950001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500014.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500...
; Singh & Bala Subrahmanya (2020)Singh, S., & Bala Subrahmanya, M. H. (2020). The financial requirements of tech startups over its lifecycle in Bangalore: an analysis of why and how do they differ? International Journal of Finance & Economics, ijfe.2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2362.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2362...
; Xiao & Zhao (2017)Xiao, J., & Zhao, Y. (2017). Key intellectual capital factors of competitiveness for startups: evidence from China. In E. Tsui & B. Cheung (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management & Organisational Learning (pp. 301–309). Red Hook: Curran Associates.
|
| CSF 1.4 |
Resources available at startups |
Financial, physical, human, and organizational assets that companies use to develop, produce, and deliver their products or services to the consumer. |
Asadinasab et al. (2013)Asadinasab, H., Mojoodi, A., Shahbazi, S., & Golbaharzadeh, M. (2013). The model of optimal combination of resources to improve the performance of technology-based companies. Advances in Environmental Biology, 7(10), 2742-2749. Retrieved in 2022, June 3, from https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA440551544&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1=r&linkaccess=fulltext&issn=19950756&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=ufsm_br
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA4...
; Asmoro & Nugroho (2018)Asmoro, A., & Nugroho, L. E. (2018). Prediction modeling of software startup success by PLS-SEM approach. IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 141-147.; Dezi et al. (2009)Dezi, L., Schiavone, F., & Gamma, F. (2009). Competitiveness in new technology-based firms: between local high-tech clusters and global technological markets. International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business, 3(4), 412-426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJGSB.2009.032260.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJGSB.2009.032...
; Gwebu et al. (2019)Gwebu, K. L., Sohl, J., & Wang, J. (2019). Differential performance of science park firms: an integrative model. Small Business Economics, 52(1), 193-211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-0025-5.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-002...
; Skawińska & Zalewski (2020)Skawińska, E., & Zalewski, R. I. (2020). Success factors of startups in the EU-a comparative study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 8200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200...
|
| CSF 1.5 |
Absorptive capacity |
Ability to absorb and use information as a competitive advantage. |
Caseiro & Coelho (2019)Caseiro, N., & Coelho, A. (2019). The influence of Business Intelligence capacity, network learning and innovativeness on startups performance. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 4(3), 139-145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.03.009.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2018.03....
; Marullo et al. (2018)Marullo, C., Casprini, E., Di Minin, A., & Piccaluga, A. (2018). ‘Ready for Take-off’: how open innovation influences startup success. Creativity and Innovation Management, 27(4), 476-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272...
; Petti & Zhang (2013)Petti, C., & Zhang, S. (2013). Technological entrepreneurship and absorptive capacity in Guangdong technology firms. Measuring Business Excellence, 17(2), 61-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13683041311329447.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13683041311329...
; Samaeemofrad & Van Den Herik (2018bSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018b). The relation between support by business incubators and performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331...
; 2018aSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018a). The effectiveness of finance mobilization by business incubators on the performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436344.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.84363...
); Utomo & Simatupang (2019)Utomo, P., & Simatupang, B. (2019). The role of alliances formation in organizational ambidexterity and firm competitiveness: an empirical study in Indonesia digiError: Failed to load citeproc-js enginetal startup firms. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(8), 1404-1409. Retrieved in 2022, June 3, from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85071693520&partnerID=40&md5=1f4b55f86763b1da1c8bbeb9e5ff451b
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri...
|
| CSF 1.6 |
Financial capacity |
Ability to obtain and access capital resources. |
Marullo et al. (2018)Marullo, C., Casprini, E., Di Minin, A., & Piccaluga, A. (2018). ‘Ready for Take-off’: how open innovation influences startup success. Creativity and Innovation Management, 27(4), 476-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272...
; Samaeemofrad & Van Den Herik (2018bSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018b). The relation between support by business incubators and performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436331...
; 2018aSamaeemofrad, N., & Van Den Herik, J. (2018a). The effectiveness of finance mobilization by business incubators on the performance of NTBFs. In Proceedings of International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Innovation. Piscataway: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.8436344.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICE.2018.84363...
); Tangkesalu & Suseno (2018)Tangkesalu, A. A., & Suseno, J. E. (2018). Information system of performance assesment on startup business using simple multi-attribute rating technique exploiting ranks (SMARTER). In M. Warsito & B. Hadiyanto (Eds.), E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 73). Les Ulis Cedex: EDP Sciences.
|
| CSF 1.7 |
Technological capacity |
Technologies used for communication and learning. |
Franca Vargas et al. (2016)Franca Vargas, C. A., Rech, I., & dos Santos, S. A. (2016). Enterprise competitiveness factors in companies located in a Brazilian technological park. Revista Gestao & Tecnologia-Journal of Management and Technology, 16(2), 100-126.; Marullo et al. (2018)Marullo, C., Casprini, E., Di Minin, A., & Piccaluga, A. (2018). ‘Ready for Take-off’: how open innovation influences startup success. Creativity and Innovation Management, 27(4), 476-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/caim.12272...
; Potjanajaruwit (2018)Potjanajaruwit, P. (2018). Competitive advantage effects on firm performance: a case study of startups in Thailand. Journal of International Studies, 11(3), 104-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2018/11-3/9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.201...
|
| CSF 1.8 |
Dynamic capacity |
The startup's ability to adapt to market changes. |
Asadinasab et al. (2013)Asadinasab, H., Mojoodi, A., Shahbazi, S., & Golbaharzadeh, M. (2013). The model of optimal combination of resources to improve the performance of technology-based companies. Advances in Environmental Biology, 7(10), 2742-2749. Retrieved in 2022, June 3, from https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA440551544&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1=r&linkaccess=fulltext&issn=19950756&p=AONE&sw=w&userGroupName=ufsm_br
https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA4...
; Behl (2020)Behl, A. (2020). Antecedents to firm performance and competitiveness using the lens of big data analytics: a cross-cultural study. Management Decision, 60(2), 368-398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2020-0121.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/MD-01-2020-012...
|
| CSF 1.9 |
Value creation |
Performance of value creation processes for the final customer. |
Asmoro & Nugroho (2018)Asmoro, A., & Nugroho, L. E. (2018). Prediction modeling of software startup success by PLS-SEM approach. IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 141-147.; Franca Vargas et al. (2016)Franca Vargas, C. A., Rech, I., & dos Santos, S. A. (2016). Enterprise competitiveness factors in companies located in a Brazilian technological park. Revista Gestao & Tecnologia-Journal of Management and Technology, 16(2), 100-126.; Skawińska & Zalewski (2020)Skawińska, E., & Zalewski, R. I. (2020). Success factors of startups in the EU-a comparative study. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(19), 8200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198200...
; Xiao & Zhao (2017)Xiao, J., & Zhao, Y. (2017). Key intellectual capital factors of competitiveness for startups: evidence from China. In E. Tsui & B. Cheung (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management & Organisational Learning (pp. 301–309). Red Hook: Curran Associates.
|
| CSF 1.10 |
Competitive strategies |
Effectiveness of competitive strategies defined by startups. |
Al-Abdallah et al. (2021)Al-Abdallah, G. M., Fraser, K. E., & Albarq, A. N. (2021). Internet-based entrepreneurial ventures: an empirical investigation of startup business strategies on firm performance from the MENA region. Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, 22(1), 29-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40171-020-00256-4.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40171-020-002...
; Asmoro & Nugroho (2018)Asmoro, A., & Nugroho, L. E. (2018). Prediction modeling of software startup success by PLS-SEM approach. IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 141-147.; Franca Vargas et al. (2016)Franca Vargas, C. A., Rech, I., & dos Santos, S. A. (2016). Enterprise competitiveness factors in companies located in a Brazilian technological park. Revista Gestao & Tecnologia-Journal of Management and Technology, 16(2), 100-126.
|
| CSF 1.11 |
Organization quality |
Characteristics and nature of startups related to the performance of internal processes. |
Asmoro & Nugroho (2018)Asmoro, A., & Nugroho, L. E. (2018). Prediction modeling of software startup success by PLS-SEM approach. IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 141-147.
|
| CSF 1.12 |
Organizational culture |
Encouraging the feeling of belonging and cohesion among the team, a democratic and innovative environment. |
Xiao & Zhao (2017)Xiao, J., & Zhao, Y. (2017). Key intellectual capital factors of competitiveness for startups: evidence from China. In E. Tsui & B. Cheung (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Intellectual Capital, Knowledge Management & Organisational Learning (pp. 301–309). Red Hook: Curran Associates.
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