Capacidades dinâmicas e inovações orientadas à sustentabilidade em instituições de ensino superior: um estudo de caso

Gohr, Cláudia Fabiana; Torres, Carlos Rodrigo de Souza; Lira, Walleci Gabeu

Cláudia Fabiana Gohr

conceiving the idea

guiding the research

conceptualization and theoretical-methodological approach

theoretical review

data analysis

writing

final review of the manuscript

Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil. E-mail: claudiagohr@ct.ufpb.br; crst@academico.ufpb.br; walleci.lira@academico.ufpb.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9774-7140

Carlos Rodrigo de Souza Torres

conceptualization and theoretical-methodological approach

theoretical review

data analysis

writing

final review of the manuscript

Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil. E-mail: claudiagohr@ct.ufpb.br; crst@academico.ufpb.br; walleci.lira@academico.ufpb.br

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2435-6933

Walleci Gabeu Lira

conceptualization and theoretical-methodological approach

theoretical review

data collection

data analysis

writing

final review of the manuscript

Universidade Federal da Paraíba – UFPB, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil. E-mail: claudiagohr@ct.ufpb.br; crst@academico.ufpb.br; walleci.lira@academico.ufpb.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6755-7335

Authors contribution

Cláudia Fabiana Gohr was responsible for conceiving the idea and guiding the research. All authors worked on the conceptualization and theoretical-methodological approach. The theoretical review was conducted by Walleci Gabeu Lira and Carlos Rodrigo de Souza Torres and coordinated by Claudia Fabiana Gohr. Data collection was coordinated by Walleci Gabeu Lira. All authors participated in data analysis. All authors participated in the writing and final review of the manuscript.

DC Microfoundation	Second Order Microfoundation (activity)
Sensing	Monitoring the market, competitors, technologies, and trends
	Generation and development of ideas, knowledge, and expertise
	Identification of customers and their needs
	Analysis of the potential environmental impact of products, processes, and services
	Collaboration Networks with stakeholders
	Data analysis, systematization, and sharing
Seizing	Strategic planning
	Governance and Business Model
	Collaboration to acquire new knowledge, skills, and resources
	Search for strategic partnerships
	Planning and management of human, material, and technological resources
	Resource allocation in emerging businesses
Reconfiguring	Organizational restructuring capacity
	Technological update and integration
	Integration of knowledge between sectors or departments
	Adaptation and expansion of good practices observed internally and externally
	Employees training

	SOI Activity 1: Operational Optimization	Authors
Sensing	Analyze the environmental impact of campus operations;	Ávila et al. (2017)Ávila, L. V., Leal, W., Fo., Brandli, L., MacGregor, C. J., Molthan-Hill, P., Özuyar, P. G., & Moreira, R. M. (2017). Barriers to innovation and sustainability at universities around the world. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 1268-1278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017...
	Understand R&D activities carried out in HEIs and what knowledge is generated in SOI activities	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	Monitoring changes in educational and market legislation	Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Identify TBL trends applicable to HEI operations through technological surveillance, new regulations, and markets	Gunasekara (2006)Gunasekara, C. (2006). Reframing the role of Universities in the development of regional innovation systems. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-5016-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-501... ; Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201... ; Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	SOI Activity 2: Organizational Transformation	Authors
	Analyze initiatives of other HEIs in relation to SOI	Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Participate in associations and partnerships to acquire new knowledge in sustainability	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Expand the relationship with labor market institutions	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	SOI Activity 3: Systems Building	Authors
	Adopt new platforms for collaborative processes with various stakeholders, promoting networking with global research and teaching platforms	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Relationship with teachers, students, and graduates to map out criticisms and suggestions for improvement	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.... ; Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Create marketing strategies aimed at disseminating sustainable innovations created by the HEI	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.... ; Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Encourage the participation of researchers in conferences, seminars, and other events focused on sustainability	Findler et al. (2018)Findler, F., Schönherr, N., Lozano, R., & Stacherl, B. (2018). Assessing the impacts of higher education institutions on sustainable development: an analysis of tools and indicators. Sustainability, 11(1), 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11010059...
Seizing	SOI Activity 1: Operational Optimization	Authors
	Encouraging teacher training and participation in research for sustainability	Gunasekara (2006)Gunasekara, C. (2006). Reframing the role of Universities in the development of regional innovation systems. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-5016-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-501... ; Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	Quickly adapt to market demands in relation to teaching, finding, and encouraging research in new sustainable market niches	(Inigo & Albareda, 2019Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201... )
	Train employees in sustainability and innovation practices	Gunasekara (2006)Gunasekara, C. (2006). Reframing the role of Universities in the development of regional innovation systems. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-5016-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-501...
	Encourage R&D initiatives within the HEI	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	Use administrative and organizational experience in SOI	Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Recruit employees and faculty qualified to work with SOI	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	SOI Activity 2: Organizational Transformation	Authors
	Facilitate relationships between internal and external stakeholders who work with sustainability	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Participate in quality improvement and certification programs	Pangarso et al. (2020)Pangarso, A., Astuti, E. S., Raharjo, K., & Afrianty, T. W. (2020). The impact of absorptive capacity and innovation ambidexterity on sustainable competitive advantage: the case of Indonesian higher education. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(3), 2436-2455. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(65). http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(...
	Implement and leverage management systems to disseminate sustainability-oriented practices	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Increase the absorption capacity of sustainability knowledge on and off campus	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Adopt sustainability as a cultural norm and strategy, in the institutional development plan, and in the mission and values of the HEI. Existence of a specific strategy for sustainability that encourages innovation.	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068... ; Gunasekara (2006)Gunasekara, C. (2006). Reframing the role of Universities in the development of regional innovation systems. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-5016-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-501... ; Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Plan investments and capital for sustainability innovation	Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Expand the focus of internal connections to include stakeholders in SOI initiatives	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	SOI Activity 3: Systems Building	Authors
	Collaborate in an expanded manner with companies and the regional and global community (city halls, cooperatives, NGOs, other HEIs), investing in solutions to generate co-created and new value propositions	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068... ; Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Form teams between professors and heterogeneous and multidisciplinary stakeholders within HEIs who care about sustainability in their research and projects.	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Co-create with external and internal stakeholders, actively participating in innovation networks, acquiring and sharing knowledge and learning processes, and participating in projects with external cooperation	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201... ; Pangarso et al. (2020)Pangarso, A., Astuti, E. S., Raharjo, K., & Afrianty, T. W. (2020). The impact of absorptive capacity and innovation ambidexterity on sustainable competitive advantage: the case of Indonesian higher education. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 7(3), 2436-2455. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(65). http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.7.3(...
Reconfiguring	SOI Activity 1: Operational Optimization	Authors
	Invest in technology and infrastructure available for innovation in HEIs	Ávila et al. (2017)Ávila, L. V., Leal, W., Fo., Brandli, L., MacGregor, C. J., Molthan-Hill, P., Özuyar, P. G., & Moreira, R. M. (2017). Barriers to innovation and sustainability at universities around the world. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 1268-1278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017... ; Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	Focus on internal and incremental innovation, applying them to campus operations	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Innovate in resource management	Ávila et al. (2017)Ávila, L. V., Leal, W., Fo., Brandli, L., MacGregor, C. J., Molthan-Hill, P., Özuyar, P. G., & Moreira, R. M. (2017). Barriers to innovation and sustainability at universities around the world. Journal of Cleaner Production, 164, 1268-1278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017...
	Comply with regulations and seek efficiency gains in material consumption, waste management, energy use, emissions control, and other activities	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Explore existing and specific sustainability-oriented innovation capabilities (work and consumption methods), operationalizing them across campuses	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Specialize groups of employees in sustainability within the campus structure	Gunasekara (2006)Gunasekara, C. (2006). Reframing the role of Universities in the development of regional innovation systems. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(1), 101-113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-5016-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10961-005-501...
	Create structured centers for sustainability research and rethink existing ones	Romero Duque et al. (2018)Romero Duque, G., Suárez Castro, R. M., & Rodríguez Celis, H. (2018). Innovation capability model for higher education institutions. INGE CUC, 14(1), 87-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1.2018.8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.14.1....
	SOI Activity 2: Organizational Transformation	Authors
	Review and redesign the HEI governance model taking SOI incentives into account	Souza & Takahashi (2019)Souza, C. P. S., & Takahashi, A. R. W. (2019). Dynamic capabilities, organizational learning and ambidexterity in a higher education institution. The Learning Organization, 26(4), 397-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-0047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/TLO-03-2018-00...
	Incorporate SOI culture into the HEI and encourage SOI practices and ideas.	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Adopt new values, new innovation platforms, and new ideation practices within the HEI	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068...
	Build organizational resilience through organizational flexibility and trust among stakeholders	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	SOI Activity 3: Systems Building	Authors
	Hire partners taking into account engagement in sustainability and develop collective responsibility for SOI with an inclusive leadership.	Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Invest in the transferability of innovation created within the HEI in collaboration with stakeholders, making it available to the external community.	Jones & Corral de Zubielqui (2017)Jones, J., & Corral de Zubielqui, G. (2017). Doing well by doing good: a study of university-industry interactions, innovationess and firm performance in sustainability-oriented Australian SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 262-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.07.036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Become an active leader in building research and teaching systems to achieve sustainability by adopting new approaches and include partners in diagnosing problems, building trust and promoting systematic change.	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068... ; Inigo & Albareda (2019)Inigo, E. A., & Albareda, L. (2019). Sustainability oriented innovation dynamics: levels of dynamic capabilities and their path-dependent and self-reinforcing logics. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 139, 334-351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.11.023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...
	Develop ambidextrous skills in the organization that allow taking advantage of the existing structure for SOI, but also allowing learning by experimenting with new approaches.	Adams et al. (2016)Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability-oriented innovation: a systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12068... ; Jones & Corral de Zubielqui (2017)Jones, J., & Corral de Zubielqui, G. (2017). Doing well by doing good: a study of university-industry interactions, innovationess and firm performance in sustainability-oriented Australian SMEs. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 262-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.07.036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.201...

Step	Procedure	Action
Definition of the conceptual-theoretical structure	Literature mapping	Exploratory review of the literature on microfoundations, DC, SOI, and SOI in HEIs.
Definition of the conceptual-theoretical structure	Definition of a theoretical framework	Integrative framework of DC and SOI in the context of HEIs.
Case planning	Analysis Unit Selection	Single case study definition.
	Definition of collection methods:	Semi-structured interview guide divided into five sections (Figure 4).
		Section 1 – Getting to know the interviewee and the SOI activities at the HEI (7 questions).
		Section 2 – OO Activities (16 questions).
		Section 3 – OT activities (12 questions).
		Section 4 – SB Activities (10 questions).
		Section 5 – Final Considerations (4 questions).
	Means of Research control	Triangulation of data with institutional documents.
Data Collection	Interviewee	A manager at the Dean of Planning and Development.
	Interviewee	A manager at the Environmental Management Commission.
	Document	Institutional Development Plan.
		Management Report.
		Sustainable Logistics Report.
		Analyzing institutional pages on the internet.
Analysis and reporting	Content analysis	Evaluation by researchers.
		Comparison of interviewees’ answers.
		Coding of interviews.
		Triangulation of data with institutional documents.
		Identifying microfoundations that enable SOI activities.

	SOI Activity
Operational Optimization	Recover broken computers	Provide water and energy saving instructions to employees
	Collect used oil in HEI canteens	Control warehouse stocks (monitor validity, exchange between warehouses in the sectors
	Collect chemical and biological waste from laboratories	Manage green areas (native forest conservation activities)
	Selectively collect waste generated on campus	Monitor and optimize the use of spaces inside the campus
	Compost rake leaves for fertilization	Create an electrical power substation
	Correctly dispose of waste from construction and renovation at the HEI	Monitor water leaks in sanitary facilities at the HEI
	Perform reverse logistics of printing cartridges and toners and fluorescent lamps	Support new patents created within the campus
	Dispose of electronic waste rationally	Assist in the accreditation of products and technologies developed at the University
	Swap Fluorescent Lamps for LED	Map initiatives and solutions being implemented in other HEIs
	Use mugs instead of disposable cups on campus	Map laboratories, teams, and innovation projects within the HEI
	Resize campus fleet usage by servers	Digitize administrative processes
	Provide buses on campus	Promote hybrid meetings with employees from campuses in the countryside
	Avoid sending deans to distant meetings	Quarterly meetings of the deans' forum
	Install solar energy on the campus and invest in cleaner energy sources
Organizational Transformation	Create a Laboratory Waste Management Plan	Monitor and control the environmental impact of actions on the campus
	Monitor and control consumption in actions on the campus	Create a current risk management policy that considers environmental sustainability
	Create a Conscious Consumption Program	Create a Civil Construction Waste Management Plan for the HEI
	Institutionalize actions to raise awareness of material consumption implemented on a specific basis	Prepare Institutional Development Plan and annual management reports
	Monitor the quality of life of the campus’ fauna and flora	Provide support to students with more “severe” needs
	Install tactile floors at the university	Seek transparency and relevant indicators in plans and reports
	Improve access roads to the university in partnership with the local government	Plant native tree seedlings to recover degraded areas
Systems Building	Carry out events and campaigns to involve the community regarding sustainability	Make bids prioritizing micro and small entrepreneurs and sustainable companies
	Collect electronic waste from the community surrounding the University	Provide Financial Education courses in partnership with the government
	Expand the use of the Management System implemented	Implement pilot projects at the University
	Search for partner companies in the region for internships	Promote the knowledge generated at the university to other institutions
	Provide training in sustainability for employees	Simplify administrative processes for internal and external users

	Microfoundation	No.	Microfoundation	No.
Sensing	Internal control/audit and reporting by sector	1	Real-time communication with the federal government	7
	Opening of public notices for city halls and organized civil society entities seeking project demands	2	Environmental Impact Studies of campus activities	8
	Teaching evaluation for teachers	3	Public HEI managers forums	9
	Assessment and mapping skills to be developed by HEI technicians, with topics in Sustainability	4	Groups of public HEI managers on social networks	10
	Search for partners through Internship and Undergraduate Monitoring Coordination and course coordinators	5	Mandatory disclosure of extension projects through social media	11
	Co-creation of an integrated report based on information from other internal bodies	6
Seizing	HEI International Cooperation Agency and dissemination of extension and research projects	12	Permanent Sustainability Body	25
	Allocation of budget forecasts for long-term sustainability projects at the HEI	13	Partnership with selective collection, reverse logistics, and hazardous waste disposal associations	26
	Allocation of funds for congresses, courses, and training	14	Partnership with public authorities in the execution of infrastructure projects	27
	Internal commission for monitoring changes to legislation	15	Partnership with other HEIs in the development of management systems	28
	Inclusion and Accessibility Committee	16	Partnership between external collaborators and professors in research projects and laboratories	29
	Communication with external stakeholders regarding sustainable development through internal bodies	17	Participation of HEI in municipal and state committees	30
	Coordination of Agreements and Contracts - Public and private partnerships	18	Participation of teachers in Sustainability Committees	31
	Creation of waste management, selective waste collection, and consumption assessment plans	19	Participation in sustainability rankings for HEIs	32
	Event to promote internal campus sustainability activities	20	Prioritization of local micro and small entrepreneurs and inclusion of sustainability criteria in hiring	33
	Facilitating the participation of researchers in Training, Conferences, Seminars, and other events for sustainability	21	Relationship with other public bodies in sustainability for actions on and off campus	34
	Encouraging the participation of professors and research groups on sustainability in global networks of universities	22	Office of Deliberative Bodies of Superior Administration - monitors new regulations for HEIs that can emerge	35
	Investments in internal bodies (grants for projects with students, for example)	23	Sustainability as a strategic norm in the Institutional Development Plan, mission, vision, and values of the HEI	36
	Innovation seizing body for HEIs - Technological Innovation Agency	24	Use of georeferencing technology to monitor the use of spaces inside the campus	37
Reconfiguring	Electronic platform for internal collaboration between centers	38	Extension programs based on regional social demands	46
	Control of HEI technologies and intellectual property through the Innovation agency	39	Network of warehouses in HEI sectors	47
	Education and training of HEI staff (training courses and awareness campaigns)	40	Meetings of the Faculty Leadership Team of HEI Campus Directors to disseminate specific activities	48
	Meetings with the HEI and stakeholders involved in regional projects	41	Annual review of the governance model through a specific committee	49
	Feedback from central administration on the evolution of the HEI’s sustainability goals	42	Annual review of reports, management and governance indicators, accountability etc.	50
	Investments in maintaining installed high-standard laboratories and creating new ones	43	Simplification of Administrative Processes	51
	Core, program or maintenance team for the recovery of HEI electronic equipment	44	Transmission of information through circular letters in management systems	52
	Partnerships between internal bodies in project implementation	45

SOI Activity 1: OO	Microfoundation^* * DC microfoundations are represented by the numbers listed in Table 5.	Total of Relationships
Sensing	1; 4; 6; 7; 8; 9; 10	7
Seizing	14; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 24; 25; 27; 29; 34; 35; 36; 37	19
Reconfiguring	38; 40; 43; 44; 45; 47; 48; 51; 52	9
Total Microfoundations in OO for HEI		34
SOI Activity 2: OT	Microfoundation	Total Relationships Observed
Sensing	5; 7; 9; 10	4
Seizing	13; 16; 19; 24; 25; 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 33; 34; 36	15
Reconfiguring	41; 42; 47; 49; 50; 51; 52	7
Total Microfoundations in OT for HEI		26
SOI Activity 3: SB	Microfoundation	Total Relationships Observed
Sensing	2; 3; 4; 11	4
Seizing	12; 21; 24; 27; 29	5
Reconfiguring	39; 46; 51	3
Total Microfoundations in SB for HEI		12

[1] Authors contribution

Cláudia Fabiana Gohr was responsible for conceiving the idea and guiding the research. All authors worked on the conceptualization and theoretical-methodological approach. The theoretical review was conducted by Walleci Gabeu Lira and Carlos Rodrigo de Souza Torres and coordinated by Claudia Fabiana Gohr. Data collection was coordinated by Walleci Gabeu Lira. All authors participated in data analysis. All authors participated in the writing and final review of the manuscript.

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Capacidades dinâmicas e inovações orientadas à sustentabilidade em instituições de ensino superior: um estudo de caso

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