Influence of long days on the production of cut chrysanthemum cultivars

Zandonadi, Alessandra S; Maia, Ciro; Barbosa, José Geraldo; Finger, Fernando Luiz; Grossi, José Antônio S

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620180106

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 36 (1) • Jan-Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620180106 copy

Influence of long days on the production of cut chrysanthemum cultivars

Influência de dias longos na produção de cultivares de crisântemo de corte

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Chrysanthemum is one of the most widely marketed cut flower in the world. For this flower cultivation, long days to induce vegetative growth are required, until the plant reaches the necessary size for commercial flowering. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the number of long days on the production of floral stems of five cut chrysanthemum cultivars. The experiment was evaluated in a randomized block design with split plots, with two factors and three replicates. Considering the number of long days (21, 28, 35, 42 and 49) the plots, and sub-plots the cut chrysanthemum cultivars (Calábria, Dragon, Sheena, Apricot Repin and Rebasco). We noticed significant differences for most of morphological traits for number of long days, and for interaction of cultivar x number of long days. Dragon, Apricot Repin and Calábria were the cultivars which stood out producing greater vigor of stems and better agronomic quality. Sheena and Rebasco cultivars showed the lowest performance among the evaluated cultivars, though. The cut chrysanthemum cultivars showed agronomic performance which allows a reduction in the number of long days of exposure, from 35-45 days usually practiced, to 21-28 days, reducing the time required for commercialization.

Keywords:
Chrysanthemum morifolium; genotype; flowering; cultivation time; photoperiod

Cultivar	Description	Color
Calábria	Medium cycle* (up to 8 weeks to flowering from the beginning of the short days), 96 days. Decorative inflorescences, considering that the ligulas decrease continuously from the edge to the center.	White
Dragon	Medium cycle* (up to 8 weeks to flowering from the beginning of the short days), 96 days. Daisy-type inflorescences. Showing one or more layers of ligulated flower on the edges and the center of the flower head (pseudanthium or disk) is composed of very short tubular flowers, generally, colored differently from the ligulas.	Red
Rebasco	Late cycle* (up to 9.5 weeks to flowering from the beginning of the short days), 106.5 days. Daisy-type inflorescences. Showing one layer of ligulated flower on the edges, with the yellow underside and the center of the flower head (pseudanthium or disk) composed of very short tubular flowers, generally, colored differently from the ligulas.	Red
Sheena Branca	Late cycle* (up to 9.0 weeks to flowering from the beginning of the short days), 103 days. Spider-type inflorescences, showing tubular ligulas and smaller in the center.	White
Apricot Repin	Medium/late cycle* (up to 9.0 weeks to flowering from the beginning of the short days), 103 days. Daisy-type inflorescences. Showing one or more layers of ligulated flower on the edges and the center of the flower head (pseudanthium or disk) is composed of very short tubular flowers, generally, colored differently from the ligulas.	Champagne

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[TFN1] Source: Adapted from Barbosa (2003). Photos of the author. *Considered from transplanting to harvest, with average supply of 40 long-days antecedent to short days.