Selection of Chilean potato clones for tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor and vegetative cycle

Silva, Giovani O da; Castro, Caroline M; Azevedo, Fernanda Q; Pereira, Arione S; Carvalho, Agnaldo DF de; Bortoletto, Antonio C; Pinheiro, Jadir B

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620200215

Brasil

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Scientific communication • Hortic. Bras. 38 (2) • Apr-Jun 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620200215 linkcopy

Selection of Chilean potato clones for tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor and vegetative cycle

Seleção de clones chilenos de batata para rendimento de tubérculos, qualidade de fritura, vigor e ciclo vegetativo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield potential, frying quality, plant vigor, and vegetative cycle of Chilean potato clones, aiming to identify those with potential to become new cultivars or to be used in breeding programs. The experiments were conducted in Pelotas-RS and Canoinhas-SC, Brazil, in spring 2017. A set of 37 advanced potato clones belonging to the Agricultural Research Institute of Chile (INIA) was compared to commercial cultivars Agata, Asterix and Atlantic. A randomized complete block design with three replications of two rows with 10 plants each was used. Tuber yield, frying quality, plant vigor and vegetative cycle traits were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, test for grouping means, and the selection differential. In this set of clones there are some presenting superior quality in relation to marketable tuber yield and frying quality, but the vegetative cycle was not shorter nor plant vigor was lower. Clones CH 27 and CH 44 were the best for marketable tuber yield and frying quality at both locations.

Keywords: Solanum tuberosum; frying color; specific gravity; early maturity

Genotype	NMT¹	MMT	TNT	TTM	ATM	SG	Color	Vigor	Cycle
CH 1	67.00 e	7.50 d	380.00 d	19.98 d	53.75 e	1.065 h	7.00 b	2.67 b	5.00 d
CH 2	100.00 d	15.56 c	219.26 f	21.33 d	97.20 d	1.066 g	5.67 c	3.33 b	7.33 b
CH 3	157.42 c	28.11 b	310.51 e	34.57 b	112.91 c	1.065 h	5.00 d	2.67 b	1.00 g
CH 4	171.85 c	20.74 c	374.81 d	30.59 c	80.08 d	1.079 b	7.00 b	1.67 c	2.33 f
CH 5	119.99 d	23.99 c	218.15 f	28.74 c	131.31 c	1.064 h	5.00 d	2.67 b	6.67 c
CH 10	164.25 c	21.30 c	395.09 d	32.81 b	82.92 d	1.065 h	5.00 d	2.00 c	7.67 b
CH 11	197.78 b	38.52 a	292.59 e	43.93 a	150.17 b	1.068 f	6.00 c	1.00 c	7.00 c
CH 12	146.46 c	24.07 c	222.41 f	27.96 c	126.61 c	1.070 e	4.67 d	2.00 c	8.67 a
CH 13	162.28 c	38.58 a	283.04 e	45.59 a	162.92 b	1.063 i	4.00 e	2.00 c	1.00 g
CH 14	151.30 c	39.96 a	237.07 f	43.96 a	186.16 a	1.070 e	5.67 c	2.00 c	3.00 f
CH 15	156.88 c	33.93 a	190.25 f	36.45 b	185.73 a	1.069 f	4.00 e	3.00 b	1.33 g
CH 16	136.26 c	22.25 c	242.77 f	28.40 c	117.83 c	1.062 i	5.00 d	1.67 c	7.67 b
CH 22	22.22 e	3.47 d	180.79 f	10.85 d	59.02 e	1.079 b	8.00 a	5.00 a	8.33 a
CH 23	158.40 c	33.67 a	247.48 f	37.97 b	151.42 b	1.076 c	6.00 c	1.33 c	5.00 d
CH 25	151.85 c	21.26 c	271.11 e	28.00 c	103.78 d	1.070 e	6.00 c	3.00 b	7.67 b
CH 26	212.59 b	34.74 a	290.37 e	39.55 b	136.43 c	1.068 f	5.67 c	3.00 b	7.00 c
CH 27	148.15 c	29.56 b	254.07 f	35.11 b	137.16 c	1.073 d	6.67 b	2.00 c	6.33 c
CH 28	147.41 c	34.59 a	228.89 f	39.04 b	174.36 a	1.060 j	5.00 d	2.33 c	2.67 f
CH 29	114.07 d	22.65 c	278.84 e	29.56 c	107.36 d	1.067 g	5.00 d	2.67 b	5.67 d
CH 30	59.16 e	9.44 d	117.30 f	12.01 d	102.12 d	1.063 h	7.67 a	4.33 a	8.00 b
CH 31	117.12 d	18.76 c	215.87 f	23.89 c	110.90 c	1.064 h	7.00 b	3.00 b	8.67 a
CH 32	113.33 d	17.63 c	197.78 f	22.89 c	115.68 c	1.063 i	6.67 b	2.67 b	8.33 a
CH 34	162.22 c	20.52 c	360.74 d	31.63 b	87.44 d	1.066 h	5.33 c	1.33 c	7.00 c
CH 35	92.40 d	15.01 c	227.32 f	20.51 d	94.07 d	1.060 j	4.00 e	4.00 a	7.33 b
CH 36	214.81 b	32.74 a	565.19 c	46.15 a	82.02 d	1.075 c	6.00 c	1.00 c	4.67 d
CH 37	165.18 c	26.81 b	529.63 c	42.22 a	79.91 d	1.070 e	5.67 c	1.33 c	2.67 f
CH 38	205.41 b	40.60 a	316.02 e	46.78 a	151.78 b	1.068 f	6.67 b	3.00 b	2.33 f
CH 39	146.67 c	25.63 b	232.59 f	30.08 c	129.26 c	1.065 h	8.00 a	2.00 c	6.67 c
CH 41	114.01 d	21.57 c	172.96 f	25.55 c	147.88 b	1.064 h	8.00 a	2.00 c	5.67 d
CH 43	102.72 d	19.68 c	221.98 f	25.24 c	116.18 c	1.062 i	4.00 e	2.67 b	4.33 e
CH 44	154.81 c	28.67 b	275.56 e	34.89 b	128.15 c	1.073 d	6.00 c	1.00 c	7.00 c
CH 45	142.96 c	17.41 c	508.89 c	32.74 b	64.31 e	1.065 h	6.67 b	2.67 b	8.33 a
CH 46	295.64 a	30.62 b	531.62 c	38.18 b	71.80 e	1.080 b	6.33 b	2.67 b	1.00 g
CH 47	285.18 a	26.45 b	519.26 c	35.41 b	68.63 e	1.072 d	5.33 c	1.67 c	1.67 g
CH 48	267.98 a	23.62 c	709.63 b	36.78 b	52.03 e	1.081 a	6.00 c	1.33 c	1.00 g
CH 49	219.76 b	17.10 c	741.24 b	32.63 b	44.56 e	1.082 a	5.33 c	1.67 c	1.00 g
CH 50	188.89 b	14.15 c	980.74 a	32.74 b	33.17 e	1.073 d	6.00 c	1.67 c	1.00 g
Agata	79.35 e	6.71 d	332.94 e	15.03 d	45.88 e	1.060 j	4.00 e	4.00 a	9.00 a
Asterix	185.93 b	27.85 b	422.96 d	37.92 b	92.76 d	1.072 d	6.00 c	1.67 c	9.00 a
Atlantic	123.71 c	18.15 c	288.15 e	26.82 c	93.01 d	1.080 a	7.67 a	2.67 b	9.00 a
Mean	153.09	23.84	339.65	31.61	106.7	1.069	5.87	2.36	5.38
CV (%)	21.06	25.75	19.40	21.28	19.69	1.73	9.39	25.65	13.22
CVg/CV	1.67	1.38	2.62	1.20	1.79	5.26	2.00	1.42	3.98

Genotype	NMT¹	MMT	TNT	TTM	ATM	SG	Color	Vigor
CH 1	76.06 b	5.54 c	384.33 c	12.79 b	33.18 d	1.065 f	5.00 c	2.00 d
CH 2	128.19 a	11.37 b	338.32 c	18.92 a	50.82 c	1.071 e	4.67 c	2.33 c
CH 3	218.24 a	25.72 a	338.60 c	29.00 a	84.49 a	1.079 d	4.33 c	2.00 d
CH 4	138.83 a	8.85 c	386.12 c	16.56 a	43.17 d	1.074 e	5.00 c	2.67 c
CH 5	37.15 c	3.09 c	202.03 d	8.67 b	42.80 d	1.077 d	6.33 b	3.67 b
CH 10	97.90 b	8.46 c	221.60 d	12.00 b	52.15 c	1.070 e	5.33 c	2.67 c
CH 11	129.92 a	12.72 b	348.83 c	19.99 a	56.45 c	1.076 d	6.33 b	2.33 c
CH 12	128.01 a	9.46 c	293.05 c	14.24 b	49.23 c	1.064 f	5.33 c	2.67 c
CH 13	47.46 c	3.65 c	230.86 d	9.07 b	39.72 d	1.082 c	6.00 b	3.67 b
CH 14	154.97 a	13.15 b	434.69 c	23.86 a	54.68 c	1.067 f	5.67 b	2.33 c
CH 15	138.37 a	11.61 b	344.72 c	18.78 a	54.31 c	1.084 c	4.00 c	3.33 b
CH 16	213.33 a	20.22 a	328.15 c	24.42 a	74.37 b	1.061 f	3.33 c	1.67 d
CH 22	12.83 c	0.84 c	130.84 d	4.24 b	33.85 d	1.079 d	7.67 a	4.33 a
CH 23	118.52 a	13.65 b	283.70 d	20.10 a	70.30 b	1.079 d	4.33 c	2.67 c
CH 25	163.70 a	16.22 b	313.33 c	21.24 a	68.38 b	1.070 e	4.67 c	2.67 c
CH 26	157.37 a	11.65 b	370.29 c	18.20 a	47.53 c	1.057 g	4.67 c	2.67 c
CH 27	134.42 a	12.82 b	246.55 d	17.26 a	69.99 b	1.081 d	6.00 b	2.67 c
CH 28	124.07 a	11.85 b	277.87 d	16.68 a	54.43 c	1.056 g	5.00 c	2.00 d
CH 29	141.56 a	14.36 b	330.37 c	20.56 a	60.61 b	1.074 e	5.00 c	2.33 c
CH 30	97.97 b	9.60 c	193.61 d	12.75b	67.21 b	1.063 f	5.00 c	3.33 b
CH 31	154.82 a	13.09 b	312.59 c	18.32 a	56.92 c	1.066 f	7.67 a	2.00 d
CH 32	137.78 a	13.15 b	247.41 d	16.70 a	65.42 b	1.073 e	5.67 b	2.67 c
CH 34	75.56 b	6.99 c	197.04 d	10.85 b	55.59 c	1.063 f	4.33 c	3.33 b
CH 35	98.05 b	9.67 c	237.12 d	16.99 a	71.95 b	1.073 e	5.00 c	3.67 b
CH 36	125.18 a	11.95 b	325.93 c	19.61 a	60.46 b	1.077 d	4.00 c	2.67 c
CH 37	136.61 a	11.79 b	354.19 c	19.03 a	52.57 c	1.079 d	6.67 b	2.00 d
CH 38	165.02 a	16.34 b	477.78 b	27.94 a	57.98 c	1.082 c	6.67 b	1.67 d
CH 39	124.56 a	14.40 b	173.33 d	15.96 a	91.83 a	1.064 f	5.00 c	3.00 b
CH 41	153.96 a	17.34 b	259.18 d	21.46 a	84.21 a	1.074 e	6.33 b	2.00 d
CH 43	94.07 b	8.60 c	205.92 d	13.04 b	63.48 b	1.070 e	4.00 c	2.33 c
CH 44	135.48 a	14.02 b	248.30 d	18.27 a	73.25 b	1.084 c	6.33 b	2.00 d
CH 45	88.89 b	7.52 c	291.85 c	13.47 b	46.43 c	1.057 g	4.33 c	2.67 c
CH 46	41.48 c	3.10 c	437.04 c	15.12 b	34.39 d	1.010 a	6.33 b	1.67 d
CH 47	48.15 c	4.05 c	405.93 c	14.41 b	35.81 d	1.099 b	5.33 c	1.67 d
CH 48	41.09 c	3.35 c	710.68 a	21.50 a	29.77 d	1.096 b	6.00 b	1.67 d
CH 49	35.17 c	2.63 c	562.50 b	19.18 a	40.19 d	1.095 b	5.33 c	1.67 d
CH 50	31.97 c	2.64 c	768.03 a	18.38 a	23.97 d	1.089 c	6.00 b	2.67 c
Agata	70.49 b	6.17 c	232.48 d	11.69 b	50.60 c	1.056 g	4.00 c	4.33 a
Asterix	34.70 c	3.11 c	154.44 d	7.39 b	47.40 c	1.071 e	5.00 c	3.33 b
Atlantic	157.78 a	12.88 b	248.89 d	16.03 a	64.66 b	1.086 c	9.00 a	2.67 c
Mean	110.24	10.19	321.21	16.87	55.36	1.075	5.42	2.59
CV (%)	37.15	44.43	25.47	29.84	19.13	6.34	17.09	18.49
CVg/CV	1.09	1.04	1.52	0.85	1.36	2.43	1.11	1.37

Trait¹	Xo²	Xs	Ds (%)
Trait¹	Canoinhas
MMT	153.09	209.50	36.85
MMT (t ha^-1)	23.84	30.28	27.01
TNT	339.65	398.86	17.43
TTM (t ha^-1)	31.61	37.95	20.06
ATM (g)	106.72	106.53	-0.18
SG	1.069	1.075	0.56
Color	5.87	6.05	3.07
Vigor	2.36	1.62	-31.36
Cycle	5.38	4.28	-20.45
	Pelotas
MMT¹	110.24	141.88	28.70
MMT (t ha^-1)	10.19	14.02	37.59
TNT	321.21	311.75	-2.95
TTM (t ha^-1)	16.87	20.09	19.09
ATM (g)	55.36	65.70	18.68
SG	1.075	1.078	0.28
Color	5.42	6.29	16.05
Vigor	2.59	2.19	-15.44

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[TFN1] ¹NMT= number of marketable tubers (ha^-1/1000); MMT= mass of marketable tubers (t ha^-1); TNT= total number of tubers (ha^-1/1000); TTM= total tuber mass (t ha^-1); ATM= average tuber mass (g tuber^-1); SG= specific gravity; Color: frying color (1= dark; 9= light); Vigor: plant vigor (1= high; 9= low); Cycle: plant vegetative cycle (1= late; 9= early). Means followed by same letters in the column belong to the same group by Scott-Knott test, 5% probability of error. CV%= phenotypic variation coefficient, CVg/CV= relationship between the genotypic and phenotypic variation coefficient.