Productivity and quality of melon cultivated in a protected environment under different soil managements

Lima, Carlos Eduardo P; Fontenelle, Mariana R; Ligoski, Gabriela R; Madeira, Nuno R; Oliveira, Valter R; Pinheiro, Jadir B; Gondim, Rubens S; Lima, Mirtes F

doi:10.1590/S0102-053620170416

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Scientific communication • Hortic. Bras. 35 (4) • Oct-Dec 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-053620170416 copy

Productivity and quality of melon cultivated in a protected environment under different soil managements

Produtividade e qualidade de melão cultivado em ambiente protegido com diferentes manejos de solos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The need to adapt agricultural crops to climate change and to develop more sustainable cultivation systems has been a major challenge for agriculture. In this study the effects of soil conservation practices were evaluated on production aspects of melon (Cucumis melo), cultivar BRS Araguaia, cultivated in a greenhouse under soil and climatic conditions of the Brazilian Cerrado. The adopted experimental design was of randomized blocks with three treatments (soil managements) and six replicates. We evaluated the following soil management systems: no-tillage (PD), minimum tillage (CM) and conventional tillage (PC) in two cycles. Increases in commercial productivity and average number of marketable fruits were observed for PD (61.5 and 61.2 t/ha; 56,000 and 44,300 fruits/ha in the first and second cycles, respectively) and CM (59.7 and 57.5 t/ha; 55,700 and 42,400 fruits/ha in the first and second cycles, respectively). No effects of management systems on fruit quality were observed. PD and CM were effective in increasing the melon production under evaluated conditions.

Keywords:
Cucumis melo; no-tillage; minimum tillage; conventional tillage; greenhouse

Management system	pH (H₂ O)	P	K	Na	Ca	Mg	Al	H+Al	MOS (g/kg)
Management system	(mg/dm³ )			(cmol_c /dm³ )					MOS (g/kg)
First cycle
0-10 cm
CM	6.8±0.6	125.0±55.8	338.2±140.0	8.0±1.3	10.2±2.1	3.3±0.3	0.0	1.4±1.0	45.3±3.2
PC	6.9±0.4	125.7±31.3	332.7±186.3	8.3±0.5	11.0±2.3	2.8±0.2	0.0	1.2±1.2	44.0±2.9
PD	7.2±0.5	117.9±14.3	336.7±187.3	9.0±1.3	12.0±1.7	3.1±0.5	0.0	0.7±1.0	43.6±3.5
10-30 cm
CM	6.6±0.6	107.7±39.9	341.0±135.9	8.7±0.8	10.4±2.2	3.1±0.5	0.0	1.9±1.2	41.3±6.2
PC	6.8±0.5	121.6±27.3	369.5±149.1	8.3±0.5	10.0±3.1	3.2±0.3	0.0	1.7±1.1	44.9±2.7
PD	7.0±0.5	145. 7±70.0	458.3±73.6	9.2±1.5	11.3±2.6	3.2±0.2	0.0	1.1±1.1	41.9±4.1
Second cycle
0-10 cm
CM	6.9±0.5	130.3±40.9	565.0±149.8	14.2±1.2	10.6±1.9	4.1±0.5	0.0	0.7±0.6	39.7±1.3
PC	6.7±0.4	77.0±14.8	346.5±106.9	13.5±2.1	11.4±1.5	3.6±0.3	0.0	1.0±0.5	39.4±1.0
PD	6.9±0.5	107.4±26.4	571.7±96.8	14.7±0.8	12.6±2.0	3.6±0.3	0.0	0.7±0.6	42.7±1.4
10-30 cm
CM	6.8±0.6	108.7±27.8	623.3±243.5	13.3±1.6	11.4±2.4	3.9±0.4	0.0	0.8±0.8	35.0±1.4
PC	6.6±0.4	99.2±33.1	331.7±129.6	14.7±1.8	10.7±2.0	3.5±0.3	0.0	1.0±0.5	32.4±1.4
PD	6.8±0.5	91.2±35.6	427.5±149.2	13.8±1.6	11.3±2.6	3.6±0.2	0.0	0.7±0.6	36.9±2.1

Management system	Commercial productivity (t/ha)	Fruit weight (g)	Marketable fruits (1,000/ha)
Management system	First cycle
PD	61.5 a	920 a	56.0 a
PC	44.2 c	870 a	57.1 b
CM	59.7 b	890 a	55.7 a
CV (%)	15.98	6.71	8.75
Second cycle
PD	61.2 a	839 a	44.3 a
PC	40.1 b	870 a	33.4 b
CM	57.5 a	888 a	42.5 a
CV (%)	18.79	6.28	19.8

Cultivation system	Total soluble solids (^o Brix)	Pulp firmness (N)	Pulp thickness (cm)	Longitudinal length (cm)
Cultivation system	First cycle
PD	13.15 a	49.88 a	3.22 a	Longitudinal length (cm)	12.05 a
PC	12.83 a	50.83 a	3.11 a	11.52 a
CM	12.98 a	50.50 a	3.24 a	11.81 a
CV (%)	5.68	1.95	3.39	3.12
Second cycle
PD	11.89 a	47.1 a	2.97 a	14.09 a
PC	12.66 a	45.2 a	3.06 a	12.85 a
CM	13.10 a	50.6 a	3.02 a	14.82 a
CV (%)	11.64	11.35	13.00	11.49

Attributes	2013		2014
	PFC	NMF	PFC	NMF
	CM
pH	-0.01^ns	0.05^ns	0.06^ns	0.32^ns
P	0.48^ns	0.59^ns	0.43^ns	0.17^ns
K	-0.09^ns	0.08^ns	0.54^ns	-0.04^ns
Ca	-0.24^ns	-0.24^ns	0.25^ns	0.52^ns
Mg	-0.43^ns	-0.23^ns	-0.08^ns	0.42^ns
H+Al	0.06^ns	0.05^ns	-0.05^ns	-0.20^ns
MOS	-0.32^ns	-0.54^ns	0.75^ns	0.40^ns
CTC	-0.26^ns	-0.22^ns	0.32^ns	0.57^ns
	PC
pH	-0.70^ns	-0.64^ns	-0.24^ns	0.11^ns
P	-0.04^ns	-0.06^ns	-0.12^ns	-0.22^ns
K	0.27 ^ns	0.12^ns	0.56^ns	0.69^ns
Ca	-0.20^ns	-0.18^ns	0.73^ns	0.89*
Mg	-0.30^ns	-0.22^ns	0.55^ns	0.77^ns
H+Al	0.81^ns	0.74^ns	0.26^ns	-0.06^ns
MOS	0.06^ns	0.14^ns	0.55^ns	0.47^ns
CTC	-0.12^ns	-0.12^ns	0.82*	0.92*
	PD
pH	-0.78^ns	-0.64^ns	-0.62^ns	-0.18^ns
P	0.51^ns	-0.05^ns	0.07^ns	-0.16^ns
K	0.58^ns	0.05^ns	-0.23^ns	0.06^ns
Ca	-0.38^ns	-0.72^ns	0.40^ns	0.62^ns
Mg	0.43^ns	-0.22^ns	-0.02^ns	0.14^ns
H+Al	0.74^ns	0.49^ns	0.53^ns	0.15^ns
MOS	0.34^ns	-0.23^ns	-0.05^ns	0.45^ns
CTC	-0.09^ns	-0.09^ns	0.45^ns	0.48^ns

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[TFN1] CM= minimum soil tillage system; PC= conventional soil tillage system; PD= no soil tillage system.