Agronomic performance of tomato hybrids and inbred lines using vegetation indexes

Paiva, Thatiane de S; Maciel, Gabriel M; Siquieroli, Ana Carolina S; Oliveira, Camila S de; Peixoto, Joicy Vitória M; Ribeiro, Ana Luisa A; Andaló, Vanessa; Assis, Pablo Henrique de S; Miquicene, Felisberto V C; Marques, Douglas José

doi:10.1590/s0102-0536-2024-e283120

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Research • Hortic. Bras. 42 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2024-e283120 copy

Agronomic performance of tomato hybrids and inbred lines using vegetation indexes

Desempenho agronômico de híbridos e linhagens de tomateiro a partir de índices de vegetação

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Image phenotyping presents great potential for field experiment evaluations in tomato crop. Validating this method for tomato plants is important to reduce costs and time. Thus, the objective of the present study is to investigate the agronomic performance of tomato hybrids and inbred lines using vegetation index. A randomized block design with three replications was used. A total of36 experimental hybrids and 9 inbred lines were evaluated, in addition to the recurrent genitor UFU-57 and a commercial hybrid, culminating in 47 treatments. During the experiment, average weight, transverse and longitudinal diameter, pulp thickness, number of lobules, soluble solids, β-carotene and lycopene concentrations were evaluated. Moreover, the vegetative development of plants was analyzed utilizing vegetation index, obtained using remotely piloted aircraft. The data were analyzed using mean test and multivariate analysis. The results showed that vegetation index can distinguish hybrids from inbred lines and can be used to evaluate tomato germplasm in future phenotyping.

Keywords:
Solanum lycopersicum L.; food sustainability; genetic dissimilarity; high-throughput phenotyping; image analysis

ID	Genotypes	PP	MFW	TD	LD	NL	PT	SS	LC	BC
		(Kg/plant)	(g)	(cm)	(cm)		(cm)	(ºBrix)	(mg/100g)	(mg/100g)
1	Inbred line UFU-2413	0.35 b	86.7 b	4.2 b*#	5.5 b*	4.9 a*	0.54 a	3.4 b	1.6 b	1.1 b*
2	Inbred line UFU-4412	0.33 b	86.7 b	4.2 b*#	5.5 b*	5.1 a*	0.43 a	3.1 b	1.8 b	2.3 a
3	Inbred line UFU-4413	0.45 b	80.0 b	3.9 b*#	5.7 b*	4.6 b*	0.61 a	3.7 a	1.9 b	1.8 b
4	Inbred line UFU-4411	0.53 b	80.0 b	4.1 b*#	5.7 b*	4.4 b*	0.55 a	4.1 a*	1.9 b	1.9 b
5	Inbred line UFU-2113	0.32 b	91.2 b*	4.6 a	6.2 a*	5.1 a*	0.61 a	3.7 a	2.3 b	2.2 a
6	Inbred line UFU-2521	0.73 a	100.0 a*	4.2 b*#	5.9 b*	4.3 b*	0.46 a*	3.1 b	2.2 b	2.4 a
7	Inbred line -2522	0.77 a	103.3 a*	4.6 a	6.6 a*	4.3 b*	0.57 a	3.2 b	3.1 a*	2.8 a#
8	Inbred line UFU-2523	1.31 a*	123.3 a*	4.2 b*#	6.5 a*	5.6 a*	0.53 a	3.1 b	2.6 a	2.3 a
9	Inbred line UFU-2513	0.89 a	90.0 b*	4.1 b*#	6.3 a*	5.3 a*	0.51 a*	3.6 a	2.5 a	2.3 a
10	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-4412)	1.07 a*	100.0 a*	4.3 b#	6.3 a*	6.1 a*	0.43 a*	3.1 b	1.8 b	1.6 b*
11	F1 (UFU-2413 XUFU-4413)	0.82 a	106.7 a*	4.8 a	6.7 a*	5.3 a*	0.51 a*	3.5 a	1.6 b	2.1 b
12	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-4411)	0.85 a	113.3 a*	4.4 a#	6.1 a*	5.6 a*	0.61 a	3.2 b	2.2 b	1.4 b*
13	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-2113)	0.71 a	110.0 a*	4.90 a	6.4 a*	4.7 b*	0.61 a	3.3 b	2.3 b	1.9 b
14	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-2521)	0.95 a	103.3 a*	4.70 a	6.3 a*	4.5 b*	0.56 a	3.4 b	1.5 b	2.7 a#
15	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-2522)	0.65 a	93.3 b*	4.50 a	6.1 a*	4.6 b*	0.61 a	3.4 b	2.3 b	1.9 b
16	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-2523)	0.89 a	106.7 a*	4.50 a	6.4 a*	5.3 a*	0.56 a	3.1 b	2.1 b	2.2 a
17	F1 (UFU-2413 X UFU-2513)	0.13 b	76.7 b#	3.50 b*#	5.4 b*	5.5 a*	0.41 a*#	3.8 a*	1.6 b	1.9 b
18	F1 (UFU-4412 XUFU-4413)	0.51 b	96.7 a*	4.50 a	6.6 a*	6.1 a*	0.56 a	3.7 a	1.9 b	2.2 a
19	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-4411)	0.53 b	100.0 a*	3.30 b*#	5.7 b*	4.6 b*	0.56 a	3.5 a	2.3 b	1.8 b
20	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-2113)	0.28 b	83.3 b*	3.90 b*#	5.6 b*	4.4 b*	0.45 a*	3.7 a	2.1 b	1.9 b
21	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-2521)	0.82 a	100.0 a*	3.9 b*#	5.8 b*	3.3 c#	0.51 a*	3.3 b	2.2 b	2.2 a
22	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-2522)	1.17 a*	96.7 a*	4.30 b*#	6.1 a*	4.3 b*	0.53 a	3.4 b	2.3 a	2.5 a
23	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-2523)	0.89 a	96.7 a*	4.10 b*#	5.9 b*	4.3 b*	0.56 a	3.5 a	3.3 a*#	2.4 a
24	F1 (UFU-4412 X UFU-2513)	0.87 a	93.3 b*	4.50 a	6.2 a*	4.1 b*	0.51 a*	3.6 a	2.1 b	1.8 b
25	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-4411)	0.81 a	93.3 b*	4.10 b*#	6.1 b*	4.6 b*	0.53 a	3.6 a	2.8 a	2.3 a
26	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-2113)	0.47 b	73.3 b#	3.90 b*#	5.6 b*	5.3 a*	0.43 a*	3.9a*	2.2 b	1.4 b*
27	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-2521)	0.81 a	90.0 b*	4.20 b*#	6.1 a*	5.1 a*	0.51 a*	3.2 b	2.5 a	2.3 a
28	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-2522)	0.83 a	123.3 a*	4.10 b*#	6.5 a*	4.9 a*	0.55 a	3.3 b	2.1 b	1.9 b
29	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-2523)	0.69 a	100.0 a*	4.30 b#	6.6 a*	4.6 b*	0.53 a	3.6 a	1.9 b	1.8 b
30	F1 (UFU-4413 X UFU-2513)	0.68 a	90.0 b*	4.20 b*#	6.2 a*	4.4 b*	0.53 a	3.7 a	2.3 b	1.9 b
31	F1 (UFU-4411 X UFU-2113)	0.25 b	90.0 b*	4.30 b*#	5.8 b*	4.6 b*	0.53 a	3.5 a	2.1 b	1.3 b*
32	F1 (UFU-4411 X UFU-2521)	0.54 b	86.7 b*	4.10 b*#	5.7 b*	4.2 b*	0.56 a	3.5 a	2.6 a	2.7 a#
33	F1 (UFU-4411 X UFU-2522)	0.66 a	100.0 a*	4.50 a	5.7 b*	4.1 b*	0.51 a*	3.1 b	2.6 a	2.6 a#
34	F1 (UFU-4411 X UFU-2523)	0.88 a	106.7 a*	4.20 b*#	6.1 a*	4.6 b*	0.46 a*	3.7 a	2.7 a	2.2 a
35	F1 (UFU-4411 X UFU-2513)	0.33 b	76.7 b#	4.10 b*#	5.9 b*	5.1 a*	0.51 a*	3.8 a*	1.4 b	1.3 b*
36	F1 (UFU-2113 X UFU-2521)	0.85 a	90.0 b*	4.60 a	6.3 a*	4.1 b*	0.53 a	3.1 b	2.5 a	2.2 a
37	F1 (UFU-2113 X UFU-2522)	0.74 a	106.7 a*	4.50 a	6.4 a*	4.6 b*	0.53 a	3.8 a	2.4 a	2.2 a
38	F1 (UFU-2113 X UFU-2523)	0.98 a	110.0 a*	4.50 a	6.4 a*	5.1 a*	0.54 a	3.2 b	2.5 a	1.9 b
39	F1 (UFU-2113 X UFU-2513)	0.96 a	103.3 a*	4.70 a	6.3 a*	4.6 b*	0.57 a	3.4 b	2.2 b	2.1 a
40	F1 (UFU-2521 X UFU-2522)	0.78 a	106.7 a*	4.50 a	6.3 a*	4.3 b*	0.47 a	3.2 b	1.8 b	1.8 b
41	F1 (UFU-2521 X UFU-2523)	1.02 a	100.0 a*	4.10 b*#	5.8 b*	4.1 b*	0.53 a	3.2 b	2.2 b	2.2 a
42	F1 (UFU-2521 X UFU-2513)	1.31 a*	116.7 a*	4.20 b*#	6.4 a*	4.3 b*	0.57 a	3.9 a*	2.1 b	1.6 b*
43	F1 (UFU-2522 X UFU-2523)	1.14 a*	110.0 a*	4.30 b#	6.4 a*	4.6 b*	0.53 a	3.8 a	1.9 b	2.1 b
44	F1 (UFU-2522 X UFU-2513)	1.12 a*	110.0 a*	4.70 a	6.5 a*	4.1 b*	0.51 a*	3.1 b	2.7 a	2.5 a
45	F1 (UFU-2523 X UFU-2513)	1.01 a	106.7 a*	4.40 a#	6.5 a*	5.1 a*	0.53 a	3.3 b	2.2 b	1.9 b
46	cv. Vitalino 32 (Check)	0.36 b	56.7 b	4.90 a	4.3 c	2.3 c	0.71 a	3.1 b	1.9 b	2.6 a
47	UFU-57 Recurrent genitor	0.79 a	110.0 a	5.10 a	6.1 a	5.3 a	0.61 a	3.4 b	2.2 b	1.7 b
	Means	0.74	0.09	4.34	6.11	4.69	0.53	3.44	2.21	2.05
	CV (%)	39.1	13.7	6.2	6.6	13.3	14.7	9.1	19.3	18.5
Contrasts ^(y)			Estimate
C1=	hybrids UFU vs. inbred lines UFU	0.15*	5.61**	0.06^ns	0.16^ns	-0.24*	-0.01^ns	0.01^ns	-0.01^ns	-0.10^ns
C2=	hybrids UFU vs. cv. Vitalino 32	0.42*	42.38**	-0.61*	1.84*	2.31*	-0.18 ^ns	0.36*	0.30*	-0.58*
C3=	inbred lines UFU vs. UFU-57	4.89*	731.20**	33.00*	47.80**	38.30**	4.20*	27.60*	17.70**	17.40*
C4=	cv. Vitalino 32 vs. UFU-57	-0.43*	-53.30**	-0.20*	-1.80*	-3.00*	0.10 ^ns	-0.30*	-0.30*	0.90*

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[TFN2] PP: Production per plant; MFW: Mean fruit weight; TD: Transversal diameter of the fruit; LD: Longitudinal diameter of the fruit; PT: pulp thickness; NL: Number of lobules per fruit, SS: Soluble solids content; LC: Lycopene content; BC: β-carotene content. ¹Means followed by distinct letters in the column belong to the same group by the Scott-Knott test at the 0.05 significance level. * Means in the column differ from recurrent genitor UFU-57 by Dunnett’s test at the 0.05 significance level. ^#Means in the column differ from cv. Vitalino 32 by Dunnett’s test at the 0.05 significance level. (y) **, *, ns = significant p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and non-significant, respectively, by the Scheffé test. Vs. = Versus _.