ABSTRACT
Introduction:
The management of adult (≥18 years) immune thrombocytopenia patients relies on platelet count, the risk of bleeding and presence of bleeding.
Objective:
Confirming the diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia and the start of therapy, our hematology service, a referral center, favors the establishment of this algorithm to treat those patients.
Results:
Presentation, recently diagnosed or recurrence - group 1: life-threatening bleeding: high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins with methylprednisolone or dexamethasone. Hospitalization and platelet transfusion are considered. Group 2: Platelets <30 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L with bleeding or risk factor for bleeding, or platelets <20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L: prednisone or dexamethasone. No response, platelets <20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L: replace corticoid or increase doses. If platelets continue <20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L: immunization and splenectomy. Investigation of Helicobacter pylori, if positive: treatment for H. pylori. Chronic immune thrombocytopenia with platelets <20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L we propose two new groups (A and B): Group A: <65 years, no or low surgical risk, patient declines maintenance therapy or patient intends to get pregnant: immunization and splenectomy. Group B: failure of splenectomy (refractory) or no splenectomy indication or history of exposure to malaria or babesiosis and no response to corticoids or corticoid dependence: choose thrombopoietin receptor agonists: eltrombopag or romiplostim. Patient at high risk for arterial or venous thrombosis: recommend rituximab. After rituximab or thrombopoietin receptor agonists, if platelets continue <20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L: indicate immunosuppressants (azathioprine or cyclophosphamide), dapsone or mycophenolate mofetil or vinca alkaloids. The goals of treatment for chronic or refractory immune thrombocytopenia are to keep platelets >20 × 1099 Neunert C, Noroozi N, Norman G, Buchanan GR, Goy J, Nazi I, et al. Severe bleeding events in adults and children with primary immune thrombocytopenia: a systematic review. J Thromb Haemost. 2015;13(3):457-64./L and stop bleeding.
Keywords:
Thrombocytopenia; Immune; Adults; Drug; Therapy
