Association between Lung Function and Vocal Affections Arising from
               Tobacco Consumption

Santos, Karoline Weber dos; Echeveste, Simone Soares; Vidor, Deisi Cristina Gollo Marques

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1358586

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International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

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Sumário

Original Articles • Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 18 (01) • Jan 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1358586 copy

Association between Lung Function and Vocal Affections Arising from Tobacco Consumption

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Introduction

Smoking is a major risk factor for numerous diseases; it is necessary to analyze the impact that the habit can have on vocal health.

Objectives

To determine the influence of smoking on changes in vocal production and lung vital capacity compared with nonsmokers.

Methods

This cross-sectional study compared smokers and nonsmokers (24 subjects each). Each participant underwent a vocal and spirometric evaluation to measure vital lung capacity.

Results

The results showed a worsening in lung vital capacity and other parameters of voice in smokers compared with nonsmokers. Furthermore, the decreased pulmonary vital capacity affected the evaluated voice parameters, and decreased carrying capacity was closely related to smoking. The time and amount of consumption had a direct relationship with the vocal and maximum phonation time.

Conclusions

This study showed that smoking causes voice disorders due to lung weakness. Thus, voice changes are affected both directly by interference of smoking on vocal structures and indirectly by increased weakness, which impairs lung vocal production.

Keywords
smoking; vital capacity; dysphonia; voice quality; voice disorders

Variable	Category	Group				Total		p
		Nonsmoker		Smoker		Total
		n	%	n	%	n	%
VC	Appropriate	17	70.8	–	–	17	35.4	<0.001^a
	Inappropriate	7	29.2	24	100.0	31	64.6
G	No change	6	25.0	1	4.2	7	14.6	0.015^b
	Light	11	45.8	6	25.0	17	35.4
	Moderate	7	29.2	15	62.5	22	45.8
	Severe	–	–	2	8.3	2	4.2
R	No change	7	29.2	1	4.2	8	16.7	0.022^b
	Light	13	54.2	11	45.8	24	50.0
	Moderate	4	16.7	9	37.5	13	27.1
	Severe	–	–	3	12.5	3	6.3
B	No change	13	54.2	6	25.0	19	39.6	0.105^c
	Light	9	37.5	11	45.8	20	41.7
	Moderate	2	8.3	5	20.8	7	14.6
	Severe	–	–	2	8.3	2	4.2
A	No change	22	91.7	22	91.7	44	91.7	>0.999^c
	Light	2	8.3	2	8.3	4	8.3
	Moderate	–	–	–	–	–	–
	Severe	–	–	–	–	–	–
S	No change	8	33.3	5	20.8	13	27.1	0.007^a
	Light	16	66.7	11	45.8	27	56.3
	Moderate	–	–	8	33.3	8	16.7
	Severe	–	–	–	–	–
I	No change	17	70.8	8	33.3	25	52.1	0.011^b
	Light	7	29.2	12	50.0	19	39.6
	Moderate	–	–	4	16.7	4	8.3
	Severe	–	–	–	–	–	–

Variable	Correlation with CV
Variable	R	p
G	−0.436	0.002^a
R	−0.362	0.011^b
B	−0.349	0.015^b
A	−0.145	0.326^c
S	−0.345	0.016^b
I	−0.510	<0.001^a
MPT / a /	0.518	<0.001^a

Group	n	MPT / a /		p
Group	n	Average	Standard deviation	p
Nonsmoker	24	13.00	2.59	<0.001^a
Smoker	24	9.42	2.83

Variable	Smoking time		Cigarettes smoked per day
Variable	r	P	r	p
G	0.545	<0.001^a	0.440	0.002^a
R	0.513	<0.001^a	0.475	0.001^a
B	0.497	<0.001^a	0.267	0.066^c
A	0.093	0.529 (NS)	0.003	0.984^c
S	0.390	0.006^a	0.353	0.014^b
I	0.521	<0.001^a	0.399	0.005^a
MPT / a /	−0.693	<0.001^a	−0.459	0.001^a

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[1] Karoline Weber dos Santos, Fga Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Rua José Grimberg, 70 Porto Alegre/ Rio Grande do Sul Brasil karolweber@gmail.com