Garlic supplemented diet attenuates gentamicin nephrotoxicity ın
					rats

Twenty four healthy male Wistar rats, weighing between 220 - 260grams, were divided into three groups. The rats were randomly assigned to either the gentamicin injection without garlic supplementation group (Group I, n = 8), gentamicin injection with garlic supplementation group (Group II, n = 8), and control group (Group III, n = 8). Urine from the rats was collected and the volume (mL), microalbumin (mg/L), creatinine (mg/dL), Na (mmol/L), K (mmol/L), Cl (mmol/L), P (mg/dL), N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) (U/L) and pH values were measured. Then urea (mg/dL), creatinine (mg/dL), total protein (g/dL) and cystatin (mg/L) values were measured for the blood samples obtained from tail veins.

Results

The median NAG value for the control group (52.050 U/L) was similar to value for Group II (56.400 U/L), which received gentamicin and the garlic diet. However, the median NAG value for Group I (77.030 U/L), which received gentamicin without garlic supplementation, was determined to be statistically significantly higher (p = 0.010) than the value for the control group. In addition, the mean cystatin value for Group II (1.360 U/L) was found to be statistically significantly lower than the value for the Group I (2.240 U/L) (p = 0.015).

Conclusions

In this study we showed the effect of 4% pulverized garlic supplemented diet for preventing nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats by using as parameters NAG in urine samples and cystatin C in serum samples.

garlic; gentamicin; nephrotoxicity; NAG; cystatin

	Groups
	I		II		III

	Median	IR	Median	IR	Median	IR
Volume (mL)	1.150	1.075 – 1.288	1.400	1.225 – 1.475	1.300	1.050 – 1.475
Microalbumin (mg/L)	3.350	1.750 – 6.750	3.100	2.800 – 5.250	3.150	2.700 – 4.900
Creatinin (mg/dL)	51.600	30.350 – 52.500	39.600	39.000 – 40.100	39.000	38.000 – 39.600
Na (mmol/L)	27.000	24.000 – 35.000	26.500	26.000 – 27.000	26.000	25.000 – 27.500
K (mmol/L)	187.200	106.000 – 191.950	182.300	180.750 – 183.400	182.450	179.950 – 184.350
P (mg/dL)	143.000	82.000 – 146.150	92.400	90.800 – 94.950	92.000	90.500 – 95.800
Cl (mmol/L)	50.500	20.500 – 53.000	28.000	28.000 – 28.000	28.000	27.000 – 31.000
pH	7.000	6.000 – 7.000	7.000	7.000 – 7.000	7.000	5.500 – 7.000
NAG	77.030*	65.750 – 87.130	56.400	55.700 – 61.200	52.050*	49.250 – 59.250

	Groups
	I			II			III

	Mean ± SD	Median	IR	Mean ± SD	Median	IR	Mean ± SD	Median	IR
Creatinin (mg/dL)	0.34 ± 0.06	0.350	0.350 – 0.450	0.31 ± 0.0	0.320	0.270 – 0.370	0.31 ± 0.03	0.350	0.310 – 0.365
Urea (mg/dL)	66.25 ± 40.81	50.000	44.500 – 70.000	46.25 ± 5.28	44.000	42.000 – 51.000	43.75 ± 6.36	46.000	37.500 – 48.500
Total protein (g/dL)	5.83 ± 0.79	5.600	5.200 – 6.450	6.5 ± 0.29	6.400	6.250 – 6.800	5.77 ± 0.70	5.400	5.300 – 6.550
Cystatin (mg/L)	2.03 ± 0.64	2.240*	1.760 – 2.510	1.24 ± 0.47	1.360*	0.900 – 1.630	1.79 ± 0.74	2.240	0.900 – 2.340

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[1] Correspondence address: Omer Bayrak. University of Gaziantep, School of Medicine, Department of Urology. Gazıantep, 27310, Turkey. Fax: + 90 342 360-3998. E-mail: dromerbayrak@yahoo.com