Desarrollo de competencias relacionadas al cuidado de las personas con discapacidad entre estudiantes de las profesiones de la salud: un estudio piloto.

Castro, Shamyr Sulyvan; Rowe, Michael; Andrade, Luana Foroni; Cyrino, Eliana Goldfarb

doi:10.1590/1807-57622016.0684

Brasil

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Artigos • Interface 22 (65) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-57622016.0684 linkcopiar

Desarrollo de competencias relacionadas al cuidado de las personas con discapacidad entre estudiantes de las profesiones de la salud: un estudio piloto.

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Este es un estudio de dos fases, la primera fue una revisión de la literatura buscando identificar un conjunto de competencias para la práctica profesional, relevantes para el cuidado de la salud de las PcD. Estas competencias se utilizaron para planificar un curso multidisciplinario de treinta horas. La intervención educativa llevó a experiencias de aprendizaje de los alumnos, incluyendo el desarrollo de la empatía y de conocimientos relacionados con cuidados de las PcD, mejorar el conocimiento sobre la capacidad de acceso, y conciencia de la necesidad de humanizar el cuidado de las PcD. Los estudiantes relataron experiencias de aprendizaje mejoradas y mayor conocimiento relacionado con el cuidado de las PcD, y subrayaron la necesidad de humanizar el cuidado de las PcD.

Educación en salud; Personas con discapacidad (PcD); Prestación de atención de salud

Topic	Time	Content	Teaching methods
Concepts and policies related to disability	8 hrs	Historical development of the concept and definition of disability; The prevalence of disability in Brazil and in the world; Epidemiological transition and its impact on the occurrence of disability; Health policies and the rights of PwD; Accessible health services.	Lectures Movies¹¹ Discussion of clinical cases Debates¹² Role play¹³
Experience of disability	8 hrs	Students experienced controlled situations with restriction of senses (deprivation of hearing and vision) and with restriction of mobility (using canes or wheelchairs) in the university environment. We invited two persons with visual impairment and one with auditory impairment (together with sign language interpreters) to talk about life, work, school and difficulties due to their challenges.	Experiential learning¹⁴ Lectures
PwD and clinical practice	8 hrs	Lecture from a physiotherapist who works with PwD, followed by a debate in order to discuss challenges in the care of PwD. We invited two men with visual impairment and a woman in a wheelchair to participate as “patients” in a role playing exercise where the students were the “blind patients”, as if they were health professionals. At the end of this activity students, guests and professors debated the difficulties faced by PwD and students as part of the clinical encounter.	Lecture Debate Role play
Seminar presentations	6 hrs	Group 1: Discussed a movie about the life of a blind boy. Group 2: Presented a video with a testimony of a person with disabilities reporting difficulties in seeking health care. Group 3: Presented photos from a visit to a health service and an evaluation of appropriate adaptations for PwD. Group 4: Showed a video from a health professional reporting the difficulties that she faced in providing health care to a PwD. At the end of all the presentations, all attendees engaged in discussion.	Presentations Lectures Discussion

Competencies	Health profession^*
Competencies	Nur.	PT	Med.	Nutr.	Psyc.	OT	Gen.
Clinical knowledge¹⁷^-²¹		x	x			x	x
Communicationn¹⁷^-³¹	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Critical thinking¹⁷^,²⁴		x				x
Decision-making²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁹	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Ethical attitude²⁴		x
Health attention²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁸	x	x	x	x	x	x
Health professional and patient relationship²⁰		x
Interpersonal relationships²⁴		x
Knowledge and guidance on health policies²¹							x
Knowledge and abilities sharing²⁹							x
Leadership²²^,²³^,²⁵^-²⁹	x	x	x	x	x	x
Management²³^-³¹	x	x	x	x	x	x
Patient assessment²⁰		x
Patient-centered practice²⁴		x					x
Continuing education¹⁷^,¹⁸^,²⁴^-²⁸	x	x	x	x	x	x
Planning and perform of the treatment²⁰^,²⁴		x
Problem solving²⁹							x
Professional liability17						x
Professionalism¹⁹^-²¹^,³⁰		x	x				x
Quality of care32	x
Respect²⁹							x
Teamwork²⁹^,³¹			x				x
Theoretical knowledge²⁴^,³⁰^-³²	x	x	x

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UNESP Distrito de Rubião Jr, s/nº, 18618-000 Campus da UNESP- Botucatu - SP - Brasil, Caixa Postal 592, Tel.: (55 14) 3880-1927 - Botucatu - SP - Brazil
E-mail: intface@fmb.unesp.br

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[TFN1] ^* Nur. – Nursing; PT – Physical Therapy; Med. – Medicine; Nutr. – Nutrition; Psyc. – Psychology; OT – Occupational Therapy; Gen. – all health professions.