Resilience in trade fairs: a study in brazilian context

This research aims to analyze through the lenses of resilience, the collective construction and social representation of a trade fair by its actors. To this, an exploratory qualitative case study was conducted with vendors of a large trade fair in the city of Fortaleza. The main reasons that provide growth, reduction or stability of these environments are not restricted to purely financial factors; the resilience of trade fairs transcends a marketing perspective, achieving also social and cultural dimensions.

Keywords:
resilience; trade fairs; social representation

Authors	Context	Definitions	Proprieties
Hollnagel, Woods, and Leveson (2006)HOLLNAGEL, E.; WOODS, D. D.; LEVESON, N. Resilience engineering: concepts and precepts. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006.	Engineering	The ability to sense, recognise, adapt and absorb variations, changes, disturbances, disruptions and surprises	Recognise; Adapt; Absorb
Holling (1973)______. Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, v. 4, n. 1, p. 1-23, 1973.	Ecological Systems	The measure of the persistence of systems and of the ability to absorb change and disturbance and still maintain the same relationships between state variables	Persist; Absorb; Maintain
Walker et al. (2004)WALKER, B. et al. Resilience, adaptability and transformability in social ecological systems. Ecology and Society, v. 9, n. 2, p. 1-9, 2004.	Socio-Ecological Systems	The capacity of a system to absorb a disturbance and reorganise while undergoing change while retaining the same function, structure, identity and feedback	Absorb; Reorganize; Retain
Carpenter et al. (2001)CARPENTER, S. et al. From metaphor to measurement: resilience of what to what? Ecosystems, v. 4, n. 8, p. 765-81, 2001.	Socio-Ecological Systems	The magnitude of disturbance that a system can tolerate before it transitions into a different state that is controlled by a different set of processes	Tolerate
Rutter (2006)RUTTER, M. Implications of resilience concepts for scientific understanding. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 1094, n. 1, p. 1-12, 2006.	Psychology	Resilience is an interactive concept that refers to a relative resistance to environmental risk experiences, or the overcoming of stress or adversity	Resist; Overcome
Herrman et al. (2011)HERRMAN, H. et al. What is resilience? The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, v. 56, n. 5, p. 258-65, 2011.	Psychology	Resilience is understood as referring to positive adaptation, or the ability to maintain or regain mental health, despite experiencing adversity	Adapt; Maintain; Regain
McDonald (2006)MCDONALD, N. Organisational resilience and industrial risk. In: HOLLNAGEL, E., WOODS, D. D.; LEVESON, N. (Ed.). Resilience engineering: concepts and precepts. Hampshire: Ashgate, 2006. p. 155-79.	Organisational	Resilience conveys the properties of being able to adapt to the requirements of the environment and being able to manage the environments variability	Adapt; Manage
Burnard and Bhamra (2011)BURNARD, K.; BHAMRA, R. Organisational resilience: development of a conceptual framework for organisational responses. International Journal of Production Research, v. 49, n. 18, p. 5581-99, 2011.	Organisational Systems	Resilience is the emergent property of organisational systems that relates to the inherent and adaptive qualities and capabilities that enable an organisation adaptive capacity during turbulent periods.	Adapt;
Briguglio et al. (2009)BRIGUGLIO, L. et al. Economic vulnerability and resilience: concepts and measurements. Oxford Development Studies, v. 37, n. 3, p. 229-47, 2009.	Economic Systems	The policy-induced ability of an economy to withstand or recover from the effects of such shocks	Withstand; Recover
Soumagne et al. (2009)SOUMAGNE, A. et al. Retail planning for cities sustainability. DGALN/Plan Urbanisme Construction Architecture, Paris, 2009.	Urban Retail	Capacity to regenerate the commercial urban tissue of a pole, a neighbourhood, a centre. This regeneration, however, on several material and human facets of commerce and on attractiveness in terms of costumers and distance from residence and workplace vis-à-vis a specific pole.	Regenerate

Defining Groups	J Value	M Value	Main Words and Expressions
Population Growth	19	68	Population is increasing; Increasing of population; Population growth
Competitiveness	19	59	Competitiveness; Supermarkets; Shopping malls; Imported products
Current National Conjecture	16	49	Development; National Economy; Increase of income of low income classes
Unemployment	68	243	Unemployment; Difficulty in obtaining employment; Lack of job
Entrepreneurship	28	91	Financial independence; Own business; Individual entrepreneur program
Spatial Limitation	42	159	Space; Crowded space; Lack of space; Lack of space to growth
Lack of Infrastructure	8	26	Lack of infrastructure; Lack of bathrooms; Lack of organization
Positive Image	10	26	People likes trade fair; Well seen; Very well-known; Very popular
Insecurity	12	37	Insecurity; Thief; Lack of security; Violence
Labour and Income Opportunity	30	86	Opportunity of job; Source of income; Opportunity to earn the own money
Public Policies	19	63	Government; Lack of politic interest; Lack of investment; Public oversight
Tradition	7	14	Tradition; Historic; Traditional
Trade Fair Transfer	5	16	The trade fair will end up; The trade fair will be removed; Due to the trade fair transfer
Tourism and Leisure	9	27	Tourism; Open on Sundays; Day off; Hobby
Variety and Novelty	5	16	Quantity of products; Search for variety; Novelty

Universidade Católica Dom Bosco Av. Tamandaré, 6000 - Jd. Seminário, 79117-900 Campo Grande- MS - Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 67) 3312-3373/3377 - Campo Grande - MS - Brazil
E-mail: suzantoniazzo@ucdb.br

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[1] Felipe Gerhard: PhD. student, Postgraduate Program of Administration at Universidade Estadual do Ceará. E-mail: gerhard.sousa@aluno.uece.br

Governmental Level	• Modify positively the image of the environment • Improve local access roads • Intensify local security • Expansion and structural reform (e.g., sidewalks, internal space, parking, stands) • Improve hygiene conditions • Promote financial and business education • Tourism expansion • Limit the insertion of large enterprises nearby
Systemic Level	• Economic growth and diversity • Highlight cultural values, entertainment, and leisure • Long-term planning • Strong and responsible leadership • Creation and divulgation of festivals • Aesthetical concern
Individual Level	• Learning • Establish solid interpersonal relationships with customers and competitors • Value strengths and competitive advantages • Develop competitive strategies (negotiation, promotion, discount, folders with products) • Self-organization • Focus on innovation