Avaliação ambiental em riachos tropicais utilizando curvas de biomassa-abundância e índice W em assembleias de peixes

Mise, Fábio T.; Message, Hugo J.; Pagotto, João P. A.; Goulart, Erivelto

Fábio T. Mise

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. (fabio_mise@hotmail.com)

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-855X

Hugo J. Message

Programa de Mestrado em Ciência Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, campus de Toledo, PR, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6031-8577

João P. A. Pagotto

Universidade Estadual do Paraná, campus de Paranavaí, PR, Brasil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1005-534X

Erivelto Goulart

Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Biologia, Maringá, PR, Brasil.

Figuras (4)
Tabelas (3)

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Fig. 1
Streams sampled in Maringá (PR), South Brazil: 1, Ribeirão Maringá (51°58’8.00”W/ 23°22’28.09”S); 2, Miosótis (51°55’52.29”W/23°20’39.82”S); 3, Mandacaru (51°56’49.16"W/ 23°23’5.01”S); 4, Roseira (51°54’50.45”W/ 23°21’2.26”S); 5, Granada (51°45’39.95”W/ 23°18’5.26”S); 6, Lombo (51°58’7.07”W/ 23°18’49.53”S); 7, Zaúna (51°50’55.11”W/ 23°23’41.99”S); 8, Remo (52°1’0.75”W/ 23°21’27.09”S); 9, Romeira (51°58’9.55”W/ 23°21’40.40”S); 10, Água Queçaba (51°53’28.78”W/ 23°19’22.24”S). White circles represent rural streams; black circles represent urban streams; gray area is the urban perimeter; and dark gray are forest fragments.

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Fig. 2
Ordination of two axes generated by the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) applied to the environmental data of Urban (white squares) and Rural streams (black diamond) of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil (1, Ribeirão Maringá; 2, Miosótis; 3, Mandacaru; 4, Roseira; 5, Granada; 6, Lombo; 7, Zaúna; 8, Remo; 9, Romeira; 10, Água Queçaba).

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Fig. 3
Accumulation curves of abundance (white circles) and biomass (black circles) to show the ABC method and values of W index for fish assemblages sampled in the streams of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. Negative values of W suggest environmentally stressed (following Warwick & Clarke, 1994) ecosystems, and positive values indicate not stressed environments.

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Fig. 4
Spearman correlation (ρ = -0.68; p = 0.02) between W and PCoA1, Pirapó River basin, Maringá City, Paraná state, Brazil (White squares, urban streams; black Diamond, rural streams)(1, Ribeirão Maringá; 2, Miosótis; 3, Mandacaru; 4, Roseira; 5, Granada; 6, Lombo; 7, Zaúna; 8, Remo; 9, Romeira; 10, Água Queçaba).

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Tab. I
Species list of the sampled streams, with the abundance (N) and average biomass (B), Pirapó River basin, Maringá City, Paraná state, Brazil.

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Tab. II
Spearman’s correlation of species’ abundance data in Pirapó River basin, Maringá City, Paraná state, Brazil with axes 1 and 2 (PCoa1 and PCoa1) of the PCoA on environmental data (see Fig. 2). Species with coefficients of correlation higher than 0.5 were bolded.

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Tab. III
Spearman correlation of species’ biomass data in Pirapó River basin, Maringá City, Paraná state, Brazil with axes 1 and 2 (PCoA1 and PCoA1) of the PCoA on environmental data (). Species with coefficients of correlation higher than 0.5 were bolded.

	Granada		Romeira		Zaúna		Roseira		Remo		Queçaba		Lombo		Mandacaru		Miosótis		Maringá Stream
	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B	N	B
CHARACIFORMES
Astyanax lacustris (Lütken, 1875)	14	10.44	10	5.55	-	-	-	-	-	-	19	6.32	-	-	1	13.70	-	-	2	3.54
Astyanaxaff.paranae Eigenmann, 1914	8	3.73	-		14	6.29	8	5.55	8	1.94	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	6	5.60
Astyanax fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819)	3	6.20	3	7.57	-	-	31	6.62	-	-	28	3.20	1	10.02	-	-	-	-	1	4.00
Astyanax bockmanni Vari & Castro, 2007	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	5.60	8	8.23	-	-	-	-	-	-
Bryconamericus exodon Eigenmann, 1907	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	3	0.79	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Byconamericusaff.iheringii (Boulenger, 1887)	4	1.85	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Piabarchus stramineus (Eigenmann, 1908)	7	1.15	-	-	-	-	-	-	3	0.56	1	2.66	1	1.96	-	-	-	-	-	-
Piabina argentea Reinhardt, 1867	12	1.44	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	15	0.62	2	3.31	-	-	-	-	-	-
Oligosarcus paranensis Menezes & Géry, 1983	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	9.7	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Characidumaff.zebra Eigenmann, 1909	5	1.36	-	-	7	1.42	-	-	-	-	9	0.80	1	1.32	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794)	1	5.60	-	-	-	-	1	50.4	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
SILURIFORMES
Corydorasaff.aeneus (Gill, 1858)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	27	1.83	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Cetopsorhamdia iheringi Schubart & Gomes, 1959	2	7.00	1	1.26	3	6.83	2	3.41	-	-	1	1.29	-	-	2	0.55	6	0.70	6	0.83
Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	2	6.08	1	12.80	3	11.98	2	2.22	4	28.02	4	9.77	-	-	8	15.31	1	9.00	10	7.74
Imparfinis mirini Haseman, 1911	-	-	2	1.98	-	-	-	-	-	-	3	0.95	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	3.30
Imparfinis schubarti (Gomes, 1956)	-	-	5	1.26	-	-	50	0.73	-	-	-	-	20	1.91	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pimelodella avanhandavae Eigenmann, 1917	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2	3.90	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa (Schubart, 1964)	-	-	11	0.86	1	2.35	-	-	1	0.06	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	0.40	-	-
Heptapterus mustelinus (Valenciennes, 1835)	-		-	-	16	6.40	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hypostomus ancistroides (Ihering, 1911)	7	6.74	5	2.15	1	1.07	25	1.16	3	2.29	2	0.91	7	5.87	16	3.36	7	0.97	118	2.28
Hypostomus strigaticeps (Regan, 1908)	1	3.65	-	-	1	8.32	-	-	-	-	2	13.80	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	23.70
Hypostomus sp.	-	-	-	-	1	5.80	-	-	-	-	1	19.00	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	0.30
GYMNOTIFORMES
Gymnotus sylvius Albert & Fernandes-Matioli, 1999	1	1.48	1	8.60	-	-	-	-	1	1.72	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Gymnotus inaequilabiatus (Valenciennes, 1839)	1	7.14	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	11.03	-	-	1	13.08	-	-	-	-	-	-
Cyprinodontiformes
Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859	3	0.27	-	-	15	0.30	14	0.16	93	0.10	5	0.05	-	-	105	0.86	36	0.41	83	0.41
SYNBRANCHIFORMES
Synbranchus marmoratus Bloch, 1795	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	11.90
PERCIFORMES
Crenicichla britskii Kullander, 1982	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2	1.21	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	1	2.86	-	-	-	-	-	-

Species	ρPCoA1	Species	ρPCoA2
Hypostomus strigaticeps	-0.68	Synbranchus marmoratus	-0.52
Characidium aff. zebra	-0.56	Hypostomus strigaticeps	-0.50
Corydoras aff. aeneus	-0.52	Astyanax lacustris	-0.43
Crenicichla britskii	-0.52	Bryconamericus aff. iheringii	-0.41
Pimelodella avanhandavae	-0.52	Rhamdia quelen	-0.38
Hoplias malabaricus	-0.45	Characidium aff. zebra	-0.33
Astyanax bockmanni	-0.42	Piabina argentea	-0.31
Astyanax lacustris	-0.41	Cetopsorhamdia iheringi	-0.18
Bryconamericus aff. iheringi	-0.41	Hypostomus sp.	-0.17
Piabina argentea	-0.38	Heptapterus mustelinus	-0.17
Hypostomus sp.	-0.29	Astyanax bockmanni	-0.11
Heptapterus mustelinus	-0.29	Gymnotus inaequilabiatus	-0.10
Rhamdia quelen	-0.26	Imparfinis mirini	-0.10
Astyanax aff. paranae	-0.25	Geophagus brasiliensis	-0.06
Oligosarcus paranensis	-0.17	Piabarchus stramineus	-0.05
Imparfinis mirini	-0.14	Poecilia reticulata	-0.03
Piabarchus stramineus	-0.14	Hoplias sp. 2	0.02
Gymnotus sylvius	-0.13	Hypostomus ancistroides	0.02
Cetopsorhamdia iheringi	-0.04	Corydoras aff.aeneus	0.06
Poecilia reticulata	0.14	Crenicichla britskii	0.06
Bryconamericus exodon	0.17	Pimelodella avanhandavae	0.06
Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa	0.19	Gymnotus sylvius	0.08
Gymnotus inaequilabiatus	0.23	Astyanax aff. paranae	0.24
Synbranchus marmoratus	0.29	Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa	0.37
Imparfinis schubarti	0.32	Imparfinis schubarti	0.38
Geophagus brasiliensis	0.52	Bryconamericus exodon	0.41
Hypostomus ancistroides	0.64	Oligosarcus paranensis	0.52

Species	ρPCoA1	Species	ρPCoA2
Astyanax lacustris	-0.56	Hypostomus strigaticeps	-0.55
Characidium aff. zebra	-0.56	Hypostomus ancistroides	-0.54
Hypostomus strigaticeps	-0.53	Synbranchus marmoratus	-0.52
Corydoras aff. aeneus	-0.52	Astyanax lacustris	-0.48
Crenicichla britskii	-0.52	Bryconamericus aff. iheringi	-0.41
Pimelodella avanhandavae	-0.52	Characidium aff. zebra	-0.33
Cetopsorhamdia iheringi	-0.47	Rhamdia quelen	-0.31
Hoplias malabaricus	-0.42	Piabina argentea	-0.31
Bryconamericus aff. iheringii	-0.41	Poecilia reticulata	-0.22
Astyanax bockmanni	-0.39	Hypostomus sp.	-0.17
Piabina argentea	-0.38	Heptapterus mustelinus	-0.17
Piabarchus stramineus	-0.30	Imparfinis mirini	-0.17
Hypostomus sp.	-0.29	Piabarchus stramineus	-0.14
Heptapterus mustelinus	-0.29	Cetopsorhamdia iheringi	-0.13
Rhamdia quelen	-0.21	Geophagus brasiliensis	-0.06
Oligosarcus paranensis	-0.17	Astyanax bockmanni	-0.01
Astyanax aff. paranae	-0.12	Gymnotus inaequilabiatus	0.01
Gymnotus sylvius	-0.05	Corydoras aff. aeneus	0.06
Imparfinis mirini	-0.04	Crenicichla britskii	0.06
Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa	0.14	Pimelodella avanhandavae	0.06
Poecilia reticulata	0.16	Hoplias malabaricus	0.16
Bryconamericus exodon	0.17	Gymnotus sylvius	0.19
Synbranchus marmoratus	0.29	Astyanax aff. paranae	0.20
Hypostomus ancistroides	0.30	Phenacorhamdia tenebrosa	0.34
Gymnotus inaequilabiatus	0.31	Imparfinis schubarti	0.38
Imparfinis schubarti	0.32	Bryconamericus exodon	0.41
Geophagus brasiliensis	0.52	Oligosarcus paranensis	0.52

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Avaliação ambiental em riachos tropicais utilizando curvas de biomassa-abundância e índice W em assembleias de peixes

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