Abstract
Periodontal regeneration faces multiple challenges, the most important being cellular insufficiency. In an attempt to improve defect cellularity, we aimed to demonstrate enhancing cellular attraction using arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) adhesion molecule legend blended hydrogel within the intrabony defects.
Methodology
Forty-five intrabony defects were selected from patients with stage III or IV - grade A or B periodontitis and divided randomly into three equal groups of 15 each: group1 (G1): received minimally invasive surgical technique (MIST) alone, group2 (G2): received MIST and placebo hydrogel injection, and group3 (G3): were treated with MIST and RGD hydrogel injection. Primary outcomes 6 months following therapy were; defect base fill (DBF) and defect width measurement (DW); secondary outcomes were clinical attachment level (CAL), pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and biochemical analysis of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) evaluated at 1,7,14 and 21 days following therapy.
Results
Significant improvements in DBF, CAL, and PD were observed in the three studied groups 6 months following therapy compared to baseline (p<0.05). A significant improvement in DBF was reported in G3 compared to G1 and 2 (p=0.005). Additionally, a significantly higher CAL gain was reported in G3 compared to that of G1 (p=0.02). Group 3 was associated with a significantly higher level of BMP-2 compared to G1 and G2 in all reported periods.
Conclusion
RGD peptide carried on a hydrogel delivery agent and contained with a minimally invasive flap could be a reliable option in improving the outcomes of periodontal therapy.
Periodontal regeneration; Minimally invasive surgical technique; RGD peptide; Hydrogel; Integrin
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