Influence of the height of the mandibular ridge on the masticatory function during the functional adaptation with new complete dentures

POLICASTRO, Vivian Barnabé; CASSIANO, Ana Flávia Balestrero; SILVA, Marcela Dantas Dias da; VIOTTO, Hamile Emanuella do Carmo; LEITE, Andressa Rosa Perin; MARIN, Danny Omar Mendoza; PERO, Ana Carolina

doi:10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0092

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Brasil

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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Original Article • J. Appl. Oral Sci. 28 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0092 copy

Influence of the height of the mandibular ridge on the masticatory function during the functional adaptation with new complete dentures

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The period of functional adaptation to a new conventional complete denture embraces many transitory issues, and this period is directly related to the rehabilitation success.

Objective

This clinical trial evaluated the influence of the height of mandibular ridge on the masticatory function of complete denture (CD) wearers during the adaptation period.

Methodology

A total of 28 individuals wearing new CDs (NR, n=14, normal mandibular ridges, 64±12.5 years, 9 female; RR, n=14, resorbed mandibular ridges, 69±6.8 years, 9 female) were assessed at 24 hours, 30 days, three months and six months after the insertion of the CDs for masticatory performance (MP, sieves method), satisfaction with CDs (questionnaire) and maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) (gnatodynamometer). The classification of the mandibular ridges followed the Kapur index. Data of MP and MOBF were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and satisfaction with CDs was analyzed by Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE), α=.05.

Results

Participants with NR presented better masticatory performance (p=.000 - NR 30.25±9.93%, RR 12.41±7.17%), general satisfaction (p=.047), retention of mandibular denture (p=.001), chewing ability (p=.037), and comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.000). Regardless of the mandibular ridge, MP (p=.000) was higher at three (21.26±12.07%) and six months (24.25±12.26%) in comparison to 24 hours (18.09±10.89%), the MOBF (p=.000) was higher at three months (78.50±6.49 N) compared to 24 hours (57.34±5.55 N) and 30 days (62.72±5.97 N), and the comfort of wearing a mandibular denture (p=.002) at three months (1.61 ± 0.07) was greater than 24 hours (1.29±0.10) and 30 days (1.36±10).

Conclusions

The study suggests that the participants with NR have higher MP and satisfaction with their CD, regardless of the follow-up period after the insertion of the new CD. After subjects received the CD, a period of 3 months was necessary for achieving better achievement MOBF, MP, and self-perceived comfort with the mandibular denture, regardless of the height of the mandibular ridge.

Complete denture; Mastication; Bite force; Patient satisfaction

Characteristic		Group NR (n=14)	Group RR (n=14)
		Mean (±SD*)	Mean (±SD*)
Age (years)		64±12.5 years	69±6.8 years
Gender (female/male)		09/05	09/05
Birthplace in Brazil	Southeast region	14	14
Lives with (Family/Alone)		10/04	11/03
	Illiterate	0	0
Instruction	Elementary school	5	9
	High school	9	5
	Married	9	7
Civil Status	Single	3	3
	Widower	1	2
	Divorced	1	2
	Retired	6	9
Profession	Unemployed	1	2
	Employee / Self Employed	7	3
Mean edentation time (years)		27±14.3 years	30±12.15 years
Mean time of wearing CD (years)		25±13.4 years	28±10.91 years
Score of Kapur index		7.57	4.57
Salivary flow (mL/min)		0.62±0.3	0.42±0.27

Satisfaction questionnaire	Normal mandibular ridges				Resorbed mandibular ridges				GEEs, p-valor
	24 hours	30 days	3 months	6 months	24 hours	30 days	3 months	6 months	Ridge	Periods	Interaction
Q1 (general satisfaction)	2 (2-2)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.86 (1.59-2.13)	1.86 (1.59-2.13)	1.79 (1.57-2)	1.71 (1.48-1.95)	1.5 (1.17-1.83)	0.047*	0.189	0.565
Q2 (retention of maxillary denture)	1.79 (1.57-2)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.64 (1.32-1.96)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.71 (1.41-2.02)	0.108	0.028	0.015*
Q3 (retention of mandibular denture)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.71 (1.48-1.95)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	1.79 (1.57-2)	1.43 (1.1-1.75)	1.21 (0.81-1.62)	1.14 (0.75-1.53)	1.07 (0.65-1.49)	0.001*	0.057	0.680
Q4 (aesthetics)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	2 (2-2)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	2 (2-2)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	2 (2-2)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	1000	0.333	0.333
Q5 (ability to speak)	1.93 (1.79-2.06)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)	1.64 (1.32-1.96)	1.71 (1.41-2.02)	1.71 (1.41-2.02)	1.57 (1.19-1.95)	0.059	0.233	0.123
Q6 (chewing ability)	1.36 (1.11-1.61)	1.57 (1.25-1.90)	1.64 (1.32-1.96)	1.64 (1.32-1.96)	1 (0.66-1.34)	1.14 (0.81-1.48)	1.07 (0.76-1.38)	1.36 (0.93-1.78)	0.037*	0.140	0.444
Q7 (comfort of maxillary denture)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)	2 (2-2)	1.86 (1.59-2.13)	1.79 (1.57- 2)	1.93 (1.79- 2.06)	1.79 (1.49- 2.08)	0.108	0.269	0.105
Q8 (comfort of mandibular denture)	1.64 (1.39-1.89)	1.50 (1.24-1.76)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	1.86 (1.67-2.04)	0.93 (0.62-1.24)	1.21 (0.92-1.51)	1.36 (1.11-1.61)	1.29 (0.92- 1.65)	0.000*	0.002*	0.281

	24 hours	30 days	3 months	6 months
Normal mandibular ridges	1.79±0.11^Aa	2.00±0.00^Aa	2.00±0.00^Aa	2.00±0.00^Aa
Resorbed mandibular ridges	1.93±0.07^Aa	1.64±0.16^Ab	1.93±0.07^Aa	1.71±0.16^Aa

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[1] Corresponding address: Prof. Ana Carolina Pero Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara - Rua Humaitá 1680 - 14801-903 - Araraquara, SP, Brasil. Phone: +55 16-33016401/33016406 e-mail: anacarolpero@foar.unesp.br