Different Degradation Patterns of Chiral Contaminant Enantiomers: Paclobutrazol as a Case Study

Studies often neglect the different trends between enantiomers in soil chiral contaminants. In the present study, paclobutrazol was chosen as the target analyte and the selective degradation patterns of this chiral pesticide were investigated in soils. After 14 days of culture, the degradation kinetics results demonstrated the degradation process of the two enantiomers conforms to first-order degradation kinetics equation, and the degradation rates were significantly different (paired t-test, P < 0.05). The degradation rate of (2S,3S)-paclobutrazol (S-paclobutrazol) was higher than that of (2R,3R)-paclobutrazol (R-paclobutrazol), with the concentration decrease of 42.6 and 28.7%, respectively. Meanwhile, the enantiomer fraction (EF) was 0.43 at final sampling point, and the half-life (t_1/2) of S-paclobutrazol and R-paclobutrazol were 17.3 and 28.9 days, which demonstrated significant enantioselective degradation. Results from this study served to enhance our understanding about the enantioselective degradation behaviors of chiral pesticides, which provided some scientific basis for the potential risk assessment of chiral pesticides in the environment.

Keywords:
enantioselectivity; chiral pesticide; stereoselective degradation; environmental pollution; risk assessment