Activated carbon-apple peels |
concentrated phosphoric acid (85% H3PO4) in 2.7:1 ratio (H3PO4 volume (mL)/dried apple peels mass (g)) and activated in a muffle furnace maintained at 619 ºC for 56 min |
2.0 |
120 |
95 |
5858 Enniya, I.; Rghioui, L.; Jourani, A.; Sustainable Chem. Pharm. 2018, 7, 9.
|
Treated waste newspaper |
concentrated sodium bicarbonate solution for removing foreign materials then refluxed with 5.0% Na2HPO4 using a water condenser for 3 h to impregnate the phosphate into the cellulose matrix |
3.0 |
60 |
64 |
5959 Dehghani, M. H.; Sanaei, D.; Ali, I.; Bhatnagar, A.; J. Mol. Liq . 2016, 215, 671.
|
Immobilized Zea mays biomass |
for immobilization procedure, Na-alginate (2%, m/v) was dissolved in hot water (60 ºC) and 1 g of corn cob powder was added and homogenized by agitation and extruded into 0.1 M CaCl2 solution |
2.0 |
240 |
56 |
6060 Manzoor, Q.; Sajid, A.; Hussain, T.; Iqbal, M.; Abbas, M.; Nisar, J.; J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2019, 8, 75.
|
Modified groundnuthull |
after appropriate washing and drying steps, portions of the groundnut hull were then modified with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) |
2.0 |
60 |
> 95 |
6161 Owalude, S. O.; Tella, A. C.; Beni-Suef Univ. J. Basic Appl. Sci. 2016, 5, 377.
|
Biosorbent frommango leaves |
the leave dust was washed with deionized water and the soluble colored components were then removed by washing repeatedly with hot deionized water (70 ºC ). Then, was then dried at 70 ºC for 24 h |
2.0 |
120 |
91 |
6262 Saha, R.; Saha, B.; Desalin. Water Treat. 2014, 52, 1928.
|
Biosorbent from peppermint leaves |
drying at room temperature away from sunlight, ground and then sieved to appropriate particle size |
2.0 |
180 |
95 |
6363 Najim, T. S.; Farhan, S. A.; Dadoosh, R. M.; Desalin. Water Treat . 2014, 52, 4810.
|
Almond green hull waste material |
the sorbent was washed thoroughly several times with deionized water and was dried at room temperature for some daysthen, the dried sample was powdered and sieved |
2.0 |
60 |
> 99 |
6464 Nasseh, N.; Taghavi, L.; Barikbin, B.; Harifi-Mood, A. R.; J. Water Reuse Desalin. 2017, 7, 449.
|
Mixed biosorbent (Pseudomonas stutzeri and acid treated Banyan tree bark) |
the materials were rinsed, air-dried, ground into fine particles and then sulfuric acid was added in the ratio 1:2 and left undisturbed for 24 hthe materials were then heated up to 80 ºC for 30 min |
2.0 |
45 |
95 |
1212 Yaashikaa, P.; Kumar, P. S.; Babu, V. M.; Durga, R. K.; Manivasagan, V.; Saranya, K.; Saravanan, A.; J. Mol. Liq. 2019, 276, 362.
|
Water caltrop shell |
the material was rinsed with distilled water and was dried at 48 ºC in hot air oven for 48 hthen, the dried shells were ground to powder and sieved to obtain particles of different sizes |
2.0 |
60 |
90 |
6565 Kumar, S.; Narayanasamy, S.; Venkatesh, R. P.; Sep. Sci. Technol. 2019, 54, 2783.
|
Biosorbent from yellow mombin seeds |
after washing and drying steps in the sun, the material was dried in a stove with air circulation for 24 h and ground in a 2-mm opening knife mill |
2.0 |
120 |
98 |
this study |