Selective Separation of Silver(I) Ion Through a Bulk Liquid Membrane Containing 1,1'-(1,3-Phenylene)bis(3-allylthiourea) as Carrier

Nezhadali, Azizollah; Es'haghi, Zarrin; Bahar, Shahriyar; Banaei, Alireza; Shiran, Jafar Abbasi

doi:10.5935/0103-5053.20150255

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Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Articles • J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 27 (1) • Jan 2016 • https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20150255 copy

Selective Separation of Silver(I) Ion Through a Bulk Liquid Membrane Containing 1,1'-(1,3-Phenylene)bis(3-allylthiourea) as Carrier

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The competitive bulk liquid membrane transport of six metal cations from an aqueous source phase (SP) containing Ag⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Co²⁺ and Ni²⁺ through an organic membrane phase (MP) facilitated by 1,1'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-allylthiourea) as a carrier into an aqueous receiving phase (RP) was studied and compared. Fluxes and selectivities for competitive metal cation transport have been determined in a variety of source solution pH and membrane solvent types. The obtained results showed that the carrier is selective for Ag⁺ cation. The effect of different experimental conditions that affect the transport efficiency were studied and optimized. In the optimum condition, the transport of a 5 × 10^-4 mol L⁻¹ solution of Ag⁺ cations was observed 92.3 ± 5.3% after 4 h in the presence of equimolar concentrations of other metal cations. A possible application of this carrier system and transport process for separation and recovery of Ag⁺ cation from real samples has also been examined.

Keywords:
1,1'-(1,3-phenylene)bis(3-allylthiourea); bulk liquid membrane; atomic absorption spectrometry

pH	Ag⁺	Pb²⁺	Cu²⁺	Zn²⁺	Co²⁺	Ni²⁺
4
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	8.54	−^d d the hyphenated symbols means that the values are about zero or they are with high uncertainties.	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	3.37	0.12	1.98	0.23	−	−
J^c c all J (flux rate) values are × 10−8; / (mol per h)	1.78	−	−	−	−	−
4.5
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	17.97	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	10.38	0.52	2.72	−	−	−
J / (mol per h)	3.74	−	−	−	−	−
5
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	38.78	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	21.23	1.52	4.50	−	−	−
J / (mol per h)	8.08	−	−	−	−	−
5.5
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	31.53	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	18.02	1.42	1.99	0.15	−	−
J / (mol per h)	6.57	−	−	−	−	−
6
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	24.56	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	13.21	2.20	2.52	−	−	−
J / (mol per h)	5.12	−	−	−	−	−
6.5
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	19.57	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	14.23	1.85	1.59	−	−	−
J / (mol per h)	4.08	−	−	−	−	−

Solvent	Ag⁺	Pb²⁺	Cu²⁺	Zn²⁺	Co²⁺	Ni²⁺
CHCl₃
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	25.94	−^d d the hyphenated symbols means that the values are about zero or they are with high uncertainties.	1.23	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	17.89	1.95	6.80	−	−	−
J^c c all J (flux rate) values are × 10−8; / (mol per h)	5.40	−	0.26	−	−	−
1,2-DCE
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	18.32	0.23	2.23	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	16.05	4.23	7.80	−	0.59	0.78
J / (mol per h)	3.82	0.05	0.46	−	−	−
DCM
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	39.95	−	−	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	23.45	1.80	4.20	−	−	−
J / (mol per h)	8.32	−	−	−	−	−
NB
Receiving^a a Percent of total metal cations in the RP after 24 h; / %	15.26	4.8	3.23	−	−	−
Membrane^b b percent of total metal cations in the MP after 24 h; / %	23.21	6.80	8.47	−	0.42	−
J / (mol per h)	3.18	1.00	0.67	−	−	−

Stripping agent	Concentration / (mol L⁻¹)	Percentage transported into RP / %	Percentage remaining in SP / %
KSCN	0.01	48.52	32.84
EDTA	0.01	11.23	56.21
Na₂SO₃	0.01	32.23	25.32
Thiourea	0.01	73.20	8.52
Na₂S₂O₃	0.01	53.25	37.51

Water sample	Recovery / %	RSD / %
Tap water	92.3	5.3
River water	89.2	8.5
Ground water	83.2	4.8

Sample	Metal ion	[M] in SP / (10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹)	Recovery / %
Silver plating	Ag⁺	4.87	89.32
	Cu²⁺	0.60	0
	Pb²⁺	ND	−
	Zn²⁺	0.23	0
Photographic waste	Ag⁺	3.02	91.06
	Fe²⁺	3.56	2.10
	Mg²⁺	1.17	0
	K⁺	25.63	4.61

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