Andrea Vesalius |
XVI |
Modern Anatomy |
Vesalius11. Vesalius A. De Humani Corporis Fabrica. Basileæ; 1543.
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William Harvey |
XVII |
Blood circulation |
Harvey33. Harvey W. De Motu Cordis. Francofvrti; 1628.
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Robert Hooke |
XVI |
The Cell |
Hooke44. Hooke R. Micrographia. Royal Society; 1665.
|
Marcello Malpighi |
XVII |
Erythrocytes and Capillaries. The Kidney Structures |
Motta55. Motta P. Marcello Malphighi and the foundations of functional microanatomy. Anat Rec. 1998;253(1):10–2. doi: http://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(199802)253:1<10::AID-AR7>3.0.CO;2-I. PubMed PMID: 9556019. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0185(...
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Archibald Pitcairn |
XVII |
The Father of Mathematical Medicine |
Ashrafian2626. Ashrafian H. Mathematics in medicine: the 300-year legacy of iatromathematics. Lancet. 2013;382(9907):1780. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62542-8. PubMed PMID: 24290588. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62...
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Richard Bright |
XIX |
Bright’s disease. The Father of Nephrology |
Bright77. Bright R. Reports of medical cases: selected with a view of illustrating the symptoms and cure of diseases by a reference to morbid anatomy. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green; 1827.
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René Laënnec |
XIX |
Semiological Auscultation |
Laënnec88. Laënnec RTH. De l’auscultation médiate ou trait du diagnostic des maladies des poumon et du coeur. 1st ed. Paris: Brosson & Chaudé; 1819.
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Friedrich Wöhler |
XIX |
Urea Synthesis |
Wöhler99.Wöhler F. Grundriss der anorganischen chemie. Berlin: Duncker u. Humblot; 1830.
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Friedrich Miescher |
XIX |
Nucleic acids |
Gorab and Leme1010. Gorab E, Leme PLS. Ahead of (or behind) the DNA discovery: Friedrich Miescher, physician. Arq Med Hosp Fac Cienc Med Santa Casa São Paulo. 2023;68:e004. doi: http://doi.org/10.26432/1809-3019.2023.68.004. https://doi.org/10.26432/1809-3019.2023....
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Louis Pasteur |
XIX |
Microbiology |
Debré and Forster1111. Debré P, Forster E. Louis Pasteur. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press; 1998. doi: http://doi.org/10.56021/9780801858086. https://doi.org/10.56021/9780801858086...
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Claude Bernard |
XIX |
Introduction to the Study of Experimental Medicine. The Father of Modern Physiology |
Bernard1212. Bernard C. Introduction à l’étude de la médecine expérimentale. Paris: J.-B. Baillière; 1865.
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Charles Darwin |
XIX |
Evolution theory |
Darwin1313. Darwin C. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or, The preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: J. Murray; 1859. doi: http://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.82303. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.82303...
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Gregor Mendel |
XIX |
The Father of Genetics |
Mendel1414. Mendel G. Versuche über Plflanzen-hybriden [Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Ver-eines in Brünn]. Brünn: Verlage des Vereines; 1866. p. 3–47. (Bd. IV für das Jahr 1865, Abhand-lungen).
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Dimitri Mendelejew |
XIX |
Periodic Table |
Mendelejew1515. Mendelejeff D. Zeitschrift für Chemie 12. Leipzig: Verlag von Quandt & Händel; 1869. p. 405–6. (Reprinted in David M. Knight, ed., Classical Scientific Papers–Chemistry, Second Series, 1970 translation from German by Carmen Giunta).
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Willian Osler |
XIX |
Principles and Practice of Medicine. The Father of Modern Medicine |
Osler1616. Osler W. The principles and practice of medicine: designed for the use of practitioners and students of medicine. New York: D. Appleton & Company; 1892.
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Wilhelm Röntgen |
XIX |
First X-ray |
Röntgen1717. Röntgen W. Ueber eine neue Art von Strahlen. (Vorläufige Mittheilung). Würzburg: Stahel’schen; 1895. (Aus den Sitzungsberichten der Würzburger Physik. medic).
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Santiago Ramón y Cajal |
XX |
The Cajal cells. Nobel Prize in Medicine 1906 |
C. S. S.1818. C. S. S. Prof. Santiago Ramon-Y-Cajal, For.Mem.R.S. Nature. 1934;134(3397):871–2. doi: http://doi.org/10.1038/134871a0. https://doi.org/10.1038/134871a0...
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Elie Metchnikoff / Paul Ehrlich |
XX |
Immunology/Phagocytosis. Nobel Prize in Medicine 1908 |
Metchnikoff1919. Mechnikov I. Leçons sur la pathologie comparée de l’inflammation [Lectures on the comparative pathology of inflammation]. Paris: G. Masson; 1892.
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Willem Einthoven |
XX |
Electrocardiogram. Nobel Prize in Medicine 1924 |
Einthoven2020. Einthoven W. Un nouveau galvanometre. Arch Neerl Sc Ex Nat. 1901;6:625–39.
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Willen Kolff |
XX |
Artificial Kidney. The Father of Artificial Organs |
Kolff2121. Kolff W. Artificial kidney use in humans. In: Maher JF, editor. Replacement of renal function by dialysis: a textbook of dialysis. 3rd ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic; 1989. Wieringa et al.2222. Wieringa FP, Søndergaard H, Ash S. Father of Artificial Organs: the story of medical pioneer Willem J. Kolff (1911–2009). Artif Organs. 2021;45(10):1136–40. doi: http://doi.org/10.1111/aor.13990. PubMed PMID: 33948975. https://doi.org/10.1111/aor.13990...
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Peter Brian Medawar |
XX |
Immune Tolerance. The Father of Organ Transplants Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960 |
Younes-Ibrahim2323. Younes-Ibrahim M. Brazilian Nephrology pays homage to Peter Brian Medawar. J Bras Nefrol. 2015;37(1):7–8. doi: http://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.20150001. PubMed PMID: 25923743. https://doi.org/10.5935/0101-2800.201500...
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James Watson/Francis Crick |
XX |
DNA Structure. Nobel Prize in Medicine 1962 |
Watson and Crick2424. Watson JD, Crick FHC. Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. Nature. 1953;171(4356):737–8. doi: http://doi.org/10.1038/171737a0. PubMed PMID: 13054692. https://doi.org/10.1038/171737a0...
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John Merrill/Joseph Murray |
XX |
First Kidney Transplant |
Merrill et al.2525. Merrill JP, Murray JE, Harrison JH, Guild WR. Successful homotransplantation of the human kidney between identical twins. J Am Med Assoc. 1956;160(4):277–82. doi: http://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1956.02960390027008. PubMed PMID: 13278189. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1956.029603...
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Archibald Pitcairn |
XVII |
The Father of Mathematical Medicine |
Ashrafian2626. Ashrafian H. Mathematics in medicine: the 300-year legacy of iatromathematics. Lancet. 2013;382(9907):1780. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62542-8. PubMed PMID: 24290588. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62...
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Emmanuelle Charpentier/Jennifer Doudna |
XXI |
Crispr Method/DNA Editing Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2020 |
Derry2727. Derry WB. CRISPR: development of a technology and its applications. FEBS J. 2021;288(2):358–9. doi: http://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15621. PubMed PMID: 33300275. https://doi.org/10.1111/febs.15621...
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Leonardo Riella |
XXI |
First Kidney Xenotransplant in Human |
Rabin2828. Rabin BC. Surgeons transplant pig kidney into a patient, a medical milestone [Internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Apr 26]. Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/21/health/pig-kidney-organ-transplant.html. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/21/healt...
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