Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with COPD: mild-to-moderate COPD versus severe-to-very severe COPD

Caram, Laura Miranda de Oliveira; Ferrari, Renata; Naves, Cristiane Roberta; Coelho, Liana Sousa; Vale, Simone Alves do; Tanni, Suzana Erico; Godoy, Irma

doi:10.1590/S1806-37562015000000121

Brasil

home Sumário navigate_before Anterior Atual Seguinte navigate_next

home Sumário

ORIGINAL ARTICLE • J. bras. pneumol. 42 (03) • May-Jun 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-37562015000000121 linkcopy

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with COPD: mild-to-moderate COPD versus severe-to-very severe COPD

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess and compare the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in COPD patients according to disease severity.

Methods: The study included 25 patients with mild-to-moderate COPD (68% male; mean age, 65 ± 8 years; mean FEV₁, 73 ± 15% of predicted) and 25 with severe-to-very severe COPD (males, 56%; mean age, 69 ± 9 years; mean FEV₁, 40 ± 18% of predicted). Comorbidities were recorded on the basis of data obtained from medical charts and clinical evaluations. Comorbidities were registered on the basis of data obtained from medical charts and clinical evaluations. The Charlson comorbidity index was calculated, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score was determined.

Results: Of the 50 patients evaluated, 38 (76%) had been diagnosed with at least one comorbidity, 21 (42%) having been diagnosed with at least one CVD. Twenty-four patients (48%) had more than one CVD. Eighteen (36%) of the patients were current smokers, 10 (20%) had depression, 7 (14%) had dyslipidemia, and 7 (14%) had diabetes mellitus. Current smoking, depression, and dyslipidemia were more prevalent among the patients with mild-to-moderate COPD than among those with severe-to-very severe COPD (p < 0.001, p = 0.008, and p = 0.02, respectively). The prevalence of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, ischemic heart disease, and chronic heart failure was comparable between the two groups. The Charlson comorbidity index and HADS scores did not differ between the groups.

Conclusions: Comorbidities are highly prevalent in COPD, regardless of its severity. Certain risk factors for CVD, themselves classified as diseases (including smoking, dyslipidemia, and depression), appear to be more prevalent in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD.

Keywords: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Spirometry; Cardiovascular diseases; Risk factors

Variable	Patients with COPD			p*
	Total	GOLD stage I or II	GOLD stage III or IV
	(n = 50)	(n = 25)	(n = 25)
Male/female gender, n	31/19	17/8	14/11	0.24
Age, years	67 ± 9	65 ± 8	69 ± 9	0.08
FVC, L	2.5 ± 0.9	3.2 ± 0.8	1.9 ± 0.5	< 0.001
FVC, % of predicted	81.3 ± 24.6	98.4 ± 19.4	64.3 ± 16.2	< 0.001
FEV₁, L	1.3 (0.8-1.7)	1.7 (1.4-2.2)	0.8 (0.6-1.0)	< 0.001
FEV₁, % of predicted	56.8 ± 23.6	73.2 ± 15.6	40.4 ± 18.4	< 0.001
BMI, kg/m²	25.0 ± 4.9	24.4 ± 4.6	25.7 ± 5.3	0.39
FFM, kg	16.5 ± 2.9	16.7 ± 2.6	16.2 ± 3.1	0.59
Smoking history, pack-years	49.9 (24.0-80.0)	50.0 (22.3-80.0)	44.0 (24.3-92.5)	0.71
Carbon monoxide, ppm	0.0 (0.0-5.0)	4.0 (0.0-8.0)	0.0 (0.0-5.0)	0.003
SpO₂, %	93.0 ± 4.2	94.8 ± 2.4	91.3 ± 4.9	0.003

Variable	Patients with COPD			p*
	Total	GOLD stage I or II	GOLD stage III or IV
	(n = 50)	(n = 25)	(n = 25)
Smoking	18 (36)	14 (56)	4 (16)	< 0.001
High blood pressure	20 (40)	9 (36)	11 (44)	0.31
Depression	10 (20)	7 (28)	3 (12)	0.008
Dyslipidemia	7 (14)	5 (20)	2 (8)	0.02
Diabetes mellitus	7 (14)	3 (12)	4 (16)	0.54
Coronary artery disease	5 (10)	2 (8)	3 (12)	0.48
Alcoholism	4 (8)	3 (12)	1 (4)	0.06
Congestive heart failure	3 (6)	1 (4)	2 (8)	0.37
Charlson comorbidity index	3.5 ± 1.3	3.2 ± 1.1	3.9 ± 1.3	0.06

vertical_align_top file_download show_chart

more_horizclose
- image
- translate
- link
- article
- vertical_align_top
- file_download
- show_chart
- image
- translate
- link
- article

location_on

Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia SCS Quadra 1, Bl. K salas 203/204, 70398-900 - Brasília - DF - Brasil, Fone/Fax: 0800 61 6218 ramal 211, (55 61)3245-1030/6218 ramal 211 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: jbp@sbpt.org.br

rss_feed Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

[TFN1] GOLD: Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; GOLD stage I or II: mild-to-moderate COPD; GOLD stage III or IV: severe-to-very severe COPD; BMI: body mass index; and FFM: fat-free mass. ^aExcept where otherwise indicated, data are reported as mean ± SD or as median (25-75% interquartile range). *GOLD stage I or II versus GOLD stage III or IV (unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney test, or chi-square test).