Impact of exposure to smoke from biomass burning in the Amazon rain forest on human health

Urrutia-Pereira, Marilyn; Rizzo, Luciana Varanda; Chong-Neto, Herberto José; Solé, Dirceu

doi:10.36416/1806-3756/e20210219

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Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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REVIEW ARTICLE • J. bras. pneumol. 47 (05) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20210219 copy

Impact of exposure to smoke from biomass burning in the Amazon rain forest on human health

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This review study aimed to determine the relationship between exposure to smoke from biomass burning in the Amazon rain forest and its implications on human health in that region in Brazil. A nonsystematic review was carried out by searching PubMed, Google Scholar, SciELO, and EMBASE databases for articles published between 2005 and 2021, either in Portuguese or in English, using the search terms “biomass burning” OR “Amazon” OR “burned” AND “human health.” The review showed that the negative health effects of exposure to smoke from biomass burning in the Amazon have been poorly studied in that region. There is an urgent need to identify effective public health interventions that can help improve the behavior of vulnerable populations exposed to smoke from biomass burning, reducing morbidity and mortality related to that exposure.

Keywords:
Fires; Air pollution; Risk factors; Risk assessment; Rainforest; Brazil

Study	Year	City or region	Pollutants considered	Population group	Outcome studied	Type of study
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Prass et al.⁵⁰50 Prass TS, Lopes SR, Dórea JG, Marques RC, Brandão KG. Amazon forest fires between 2001 and 2006 and birth weight in Porto Velho. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2012;89(1):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0621-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-012-0621-...	2012	Porto Velho, RO	Number of fires	Children and pregnant women	Low birth weight	Retrospective cohort study
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Jacobson et al.⁴⁴44 Jacobson Lda S, Hacon Sde S, de Castro HA, Ignotti E, Artaxo P, Saldiva PH, et al. Acute effects of particulate matter and black carbon from seasonal fires on peak expiratory flow of schoolchildren in the Brazilian Amazon. PLoS One. 2014;9(8):e104177. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0104177 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.010...	2014	Tangará da Serra, MT	PM₁₀, PM_2.5, “black carbon”	Children	Changes in PEF	Longitudinal study
Cândido da Silva et al.⁴⁹49 Cândido da Silva AM, Moi GP, Mattos IE, Hacon Sde S. Low birth weight at term and the presence of fine particulate matter and carbon monoxide in the Brazilian Amazon: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2014;14:309. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-309 https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-309...	2014	Tangará da Serra and Alta Floresta, MT	PM_2.5 and CO	Children and pregnant women	Low birth weight	Retrospective cohort study
Reddington et al.¹⁶16 Reddington CL, Butt EW, Ridley DA, Artaxo P, Morgan WT, Coe H, et al. Air quality and human health improvements from reductions in deforestation-related fire in Brazil. Nature Geosci. 2015;8:768-771. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2535 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2535...	2015	Amazon	PM_2.5	Several age groups	Premature deaths	Computational modeling and risk assessment
de Oliveira Alves et al.³¹31 de Oliveira Alves N, Brito J, Caumo S, Arana A, de Souza Hacon S, Artaxo P, et al. Biomass burning in the Amazon region: Aerosol source apportionment and associated health risk assessment. Atmos Environ. 2015;120:277-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.059 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015....	2015	Porto Velho, RO	PM₁₀ and PAH	N/A	N/A	Chemical characterization of PM₁₀ and health risk assessment
Silva et al.⁴⁵45 Silva PR, Ignotti E, Oliveira BF, Junger WL, Morais F, Artaxo P, et al. High risk of respiratory diseases in children in the fire period in Western Amazon. Rev Saude Publica. 2016;50:29. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050005667 https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.20160...	2016	Rio Branco, AC	O₃ and PM_2.5	Children	N/A	Toxicological risk assessment
de Oliveira Alves et al.³²32 de Oliveira Alves N, Vessoni AT, Quinet A, Fortunato RS, Kajitani GS, Peixoto MS, et al. Biomass burning in the Amazon region causes DNA damage and cell death in human lung cells. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):10937. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11024-3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11024...	2017	Porto Velho, RO	PM₁₀ and PAH	N/A	Toxic and mutagenic effects on lung cells	Exposure tests of lung cells to fire PM₁₀
de Oliveira et al.³⁶36 de Oliveira BF, Carvalho L, Mourão DS, Mattos RC, de Castro HA, Artaxo P, et al. Environmental Exposure Associated with Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents Residents in Brazilian Western Amazon J Environ Prot. 2018;9(4):347-367. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2018.94023 https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2018.94023...	2018	Porto Velho, RO	PM_2.5 and Hg	Children and teenagers	Oxidative stress biomarkers	Cross-sectional study
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[1] Correspondence to: Marilyn Urrutia-Pereira. Rua 15 de novembro, 1402/15, CEP 97501-570, Uruguaiana, RS, Brasil. Tel.: 55 55 3411-4822. E-mail: urrutiamarilyn@gmail.com