Objective
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of sleep, depression and anxiety symptoms in migraine patients.
Methods
Fifty female patients diagnosed with migraine according to the International Headache Society criteria were recruited from a headache referral clinic. Patients were evaluated using the following instruments: Migraine Disability Assessment test (MIDAS), Headache Impact Test (HIT), Hospital Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression scale (HAD-D), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
Results
Patients presented higher prevalence of anxiety (60%) and depressive (42%) symptoms, poor quality of sleep (80%) and daytime sleepiness (36%). A positive correlation was shown between anxiety symptoms and HIT (p = 0.018; ρ = 0.334), ESS (p = 0.002; ρ = 0.426), and PSQI (p = 0.002; ρ = 0.426). A positive correlation was also shown between depressive symptoms and HIT (p < 0.001; ρ = 0,532), ESS (p = 0.035; ρ = 0.299) and PSQI (p = 0.016, ρ = 0.34). There was no association between quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness, and migraine severity. HAD-D score was the only predictor associated with substantial or severe migraine impact.
Conclusion
Despite the elevated frequency of sleep disorders, the main factor associated with migraine impact was the severity of depressive symptoms.
Migraine; depression; anxiety; sleep disorders