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Original Article • J. bras. psiquiatr. 72 (1) • Jan-Mar 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000400 copy

Social cognition in individuals with schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder and controls

Cognição social em indivíduos saudáveis, com esquizofrenia e com transtorno do espectro do autismo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare the social cognition profiles of male adults with ASD (n = 15), SCHZ (n = 16) and controls (n = 20). Change the second sentence of the abstract.

Methods:

A cross-sectional assessment of social cognition domains with emotional face perception with eye tracking was performed, and two IQ measures (Verbal IQ and Performance IQ) (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale), and the DSM-IV Structured Clinical Interview were applied.

Results:

There were no significant differences in terms of average performance in social cognition tests or eye tracking tasks between the ASD and SCHZ groups. However, both had lower performances in most cases when compared to the control group. In the social cognition tasks, individuals in the control group performed better than both clinical groups.

Conclusion:

Although differences were identified between individuals with ASD and SCHZ, it was not possible to determine patterns or to differentiate the clinical groups.

KEYWORDS
Autism spectrum disorders; schizophrenia; social cognition; eye tracking

		Group
		Control (n = 20)	ASD (n = 15)	Schizophrenia (n = 16)
Age		23.20 ± 4.8	22.80 ± 5.2	23.56 ± 3.6
Education	High school	5%	53%	56%
Education	University or more	95%	47%	44%
Socio-Economic Status	A/B	65.0%	66.7%	18.8%
Socio-Economic Status	C/D	35.0%	33.3%	81.3%
Occupation	Unemployed	5.0%	20.0%	56.3%
	Working	45.0%	53.3%	31.3%
	Student	50.0%	26.7%	12.5%

	Grade	Group
	Grade	Controls	ASD	Schizophrenia
AFS	31-50	0	20%	31.3%
	51-70	0	60%	56.3%
	71-90	100%	20%	12.5%

	Group	Mean	Confidence Interval	Standard Deviation	Amplitude (min-max)	p-value
QI	Control	120.58	[116.91-124.25]	7.836	106-134	0.000
	ASD	103.05	[92.82-113.29]	18.485	69-125
	Schizophrenia	96.69	[91.73-101.66]	9.324	80-111
Wais – performance subtest	Control	14.20	[12.10-14.30	2.505	11-19	0.000
	ASD	10.07	[9.28-12.85]	3.826	4-16
	Schizophrenia	9.69	[8.12-10.13]	2.272	6-14
Wais – vocabulary subtest	Control	13.20	[13.03-15.37]	2.353	8-17	0.004
	ASD	11.07	[7.95-12.19]	3.218	5-15
	Schizophrenia	9.13	[8.48-10.90]	1.893	6-13

Control x ASD
FEIT total	.020
FEIT disgust	.009
FEIT Sadness	.063
Control x Schizophrenia
FEIT Sadness	.004
FEIT fear	.090
ASD x Schizophrenia
FEIT neutrality	.048
FEIT disgust	.082

Groups	Emotions	% emotion identification	Confidence interval	Mistaken emotion (higher %)
ASD	Disgust	56.67%	[40.15%-73.19%]	38.33% Anger
	Neutral	70.83%	[69.10%-85.57%]	10% Happiness
	Sadness	73.33%	[59.28%-87.39%]	9.17% Neutral
Schizophrenia	Sadness	68.75%	[53.76%-83.74%]	14.06% Neutral
	Disgust	82.03%	[67.04%-97.02%]	11.62% Anger
	Neutral	85.94%	[71.57%-100%]	No standard error identified
Control	Disgust	91.88%	[86.76%-96.99%]	No standard error identified
	Sadness	95.63%	[90.87%-100%]
	Neutral	96.88%	[91.55%-100%]

Groups	Emotion	% emotion identification	Confidence interval
ASD	Fear	80.60%	[61.49%-82.51%]
Schizophrenia	Fear	77.86%	[56.50%-71.00%]
Control	Fear	90.06%	[70.54%-83.46%]

Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 Fundos, 22295-140 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 21) 3873-5510 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: editora@ipub.ufrj.br

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