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The Effect of Meditation on Incurable Patients: Well-Being, Quality of Life, and Symptom Control – A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT

Objectives

This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the effects of meditation on well-being, quality of life and symptom control in incurable or terminally ill patients.

Methods

Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published between January 2012 and December 2022, in English, with Participants- adults with terminal or incurable conditions; Interventions- any kind of meditation; Comparators- any control; Outcomes- well-being, quality of life and symptom control; Design- randomized controlled trials and clinical trials. PRISMA-statement guidelines were followed. Risk of bias was analyzed through Cochrane’s Rob-2 tool. A narrative synthesis of results was done.

Results

Eight studies were included from three continents: Asia (n=4), Europe (n=2) and América (n=2). Participants were 682, mostly cancer patients. There was a great heterogeneity amongst studies and the overall risk of bias was high.

Conclusions

Most studies on the effects of meditation in incurable patients showed: 1) more evidence on well-being and suffering; 2) less evidence on quality of life, anxiety and depression; 3) inconsistency in reducing stress. It is essential to invest in more rigorous studies, with larger samples and longer follow-ups that sharpen with greater robustness the contribution of Meditation to health-related outcomes in vulnerable populations.

Meditation; Mindfulness; Palliative Care; Quality of Life; Psychological Well-Being

Instituto de Psiquiatria da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 Fundos, 22295-140 Rio de Janeiro - RJ Brasil, Tel./Fax: (55 21) 3873-5510 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: editora@ipub.ufrj.br