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The epidemiological and clinical features of familial adenomatous polyposis in Ribeirão Preto

Características clínicas e epidemiológicas da polipose adenomatosa familiar em Ribeirão Preto

PURPOSE:

to study 75 familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients treated in a single institution in Ribeirão Preto/SP, from January 1981 to December 2011.

METHODS:

this is a retrospective study and the following data were collected: gender, age, main symptoms, familial history, coexisting malignancies, surgical treatment, surgical morbidity and mortality, factors related to life quality.

RESULTS:

median age was 29 years. Male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. Bleeding was the most common symptom (62.6%). Colorectal cancer incidence was 25.5% (n = 19). Extracolonic neoplasia incidence was 8%. Colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) was performed in 72% of the patients. Eighteen patients (24%) were submitted to proctocolectomy with "J-pouch" ileoanal anastomosis. In three patients (4%) proctocolectomy with terminal ileostomy was performed. Early and late complication rate were similar (22.7% × 24%). Ileal pouch surgery exhibited tendency to a higher morbidity and mortality but no significance could be found. Overall mortality rate was 7.46%. Malignant neoplasia was the main cause of mortality, accounting for 60% of deaths.

CONCLUSION:

FAP is a rare pathology in our country. Genetic counseling and proper screening programs are essential tools to early diagnosis and follow-up. Surgery is the most effective treatment and the best option to prevent malignant neoplasia.

Familial adenomatous; Colorectal cancer; Ileal pouch


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