Objective:
To identify risk factors, diagnosis and prognosis associated with ischemic colitis, focusing mainly on patients undergoing surgery.
Materials and methods:
This retrospective study included all patients admitted to the Centro Hospitalar de São João - E. P. E., diagnosed with ischemic colitis during the period from 2012 to 2013.
Results:
The study included 154 patients; 118 were undergoing medical treatment, with a 12% mortality rate, and 36 were undergoing surgery, with a 61% associated mortality rate. Hypertension was the most common risk factor in both groups. The presence of a large num- ber of cardiovascular risk factors in both groups, such as hypertension and dyslipidemia, was recorded, but we still found no direct relationship with development of ischemic coli- tis. Comorbidities that affect blood flow, such as the presence of thrombi or aneurysms, do provide a worse prognosis and therefore require a more aggressive treatment.
Conclusion:
The diagnosis of ischemic colitis is not always immediately established due to a nonspecific presentation. Surgical treatment should be reserved for severe cases with a worse prognosis associated.
Ischemic colitis; Colitis; Risk factors; Prognosis
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