Objective: Thyroid carcinoma occurs rarely in children, and there are controversial aspects about its management. This study was carried out to evaluate diagnostic and follow-up aspects of these patients. Methods: The clinical courses of six patients with thyroid cancer followed in a Pediatric Endocrinology Unit for 17 years were retrospectively reviewed. Results:There were six females ranging in age from 4.5 to 12 years. At initial examination thyroid nodules were present in all cases. The ultrasonography and 131I scan showed solid and cold nodules in four patients. Histologically, four were papillary and two were follicular carcinomas. All of them underwent total thyroidectomy, four also had to do radioiodine therapy because of the presence of metastasis and/or thyroid remnants. Conclusion: Our findings support the notion that children and adolescents with thyroid carcinoma have a positive prognosis; no cases of death occurred after 17 years of follow-up. Our data are in agreement with the literature, which describes low mortality rates for these cases.