The society awakening for the environment sustainability encourages studies that assess the industry environmental efficiency. Within this context, lies the transport sector, which consists of a large responsible for the emission of greenhouse gases provocateurs. Although several studies related to Data Envelopment Analysis in Transportation and Environment, was not observed in the literature review an application of this methodology specifically for the analysis of the CO2 emissions efficiency in the operation modes of rail and road transportation in the world. Therefore, this study presents a model DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to analyze the efficiency of 41 OECD countries in relation to the environmental perspective of their road and rail transport modes. It is worth emphasizing the importance of using advanced models in the DEA study, besides the modeling of CO2 emissions as unwanted output. The results indicate the efficiency of European Union countries, especially in Latvia and Lithuania. These results were confirmed by qualitative analysis, according to the literature review.
DEA; CO2 emissions; environmental efficiency; rail transportation; road transportation