menu menu_open
Brasil
home Sumário navigate_before Anterior Atual Seguinte navigate_next
home Sumário
LETTER TO THE EDITOR • J. Vasc. Bras. 19 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.190100 linkcopy

Open-access Chikungunya fever and lymphedema of limbs

Febre chikungunya e linfedema de membros

AuthorshipSCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

    Dear Editor,

    We read the publication on “Secondary lymphedema of limbs and chikungunya fever (CF)” with great interest.1 Marques et al. described “the case of a patient who developed lymphedema of upper and lower limbs after an episode of CF.1” Marques et al. also noted that “the CF outbreak that occurred during 2015 and 2016 resulted in the first cases described in the medical literature of acute and chronic vascular complications secondary to infection by this arbovirus.1” In fact, the vascular defect due to CF is rarely mentioned in the literature. Nevertheless, this is not the first report regarding CF and lymphedema. Lymphedema of the limbs in CF is also described in many previous reports from India.2-4

    REFERENCES

    • 1 Marques MA, Milhomens ALM, Vieira JM, Cardoso FR, Guedes HJ No. Secondary lymphedema of limbs and chikungunya fever. J Vasc Bras. 2019;18:e20190015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.190015 PMid:31320883.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.190015
    • 2 Inamadar AC, Palit A, Sampagavi VV, Raghunath S, Deshmukh NS. Cutaneous manifestations of chikungunya fever: observations made during a recent outbreak in south India. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47(2):154-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03478.x PMid:18211486.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03478.x
    • 3 Bandyopadhyay D, Ghosh SK. Mucocutaneous manifestations of Chikungunya fever. Indian J Dermatol. 2010;55(1):64-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.60356 PMid:20418982.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.60356
    • 4 Rampal, Sharda M, Meena H. Neurological complications in Chikungunya fever. J Assoc Physicians India. 2007;55:765-9. PMid:18290551.
    AuthorshipSCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

    RESPONSE LETTER

    Dear Editor,

    Thank you very much for your comment and for the timely and pertinent correction of the facts. Undoubtedly lymphedema had already been described by several Indian and Pakistani authors 1-5, some cited in the letter to the editor, because it is an endemic infection in this region of the planet. However, in my article I draw attention to the Chikungunya epidemic in the South American continent, and particularly in Brazil, in the years 2015 and 2016, which drew the attention of many doctors, because until then it was an infection unknown to most professionals of health in Brazil.

    In addition, after a new and extensive literature review and search in PubMed associating the term Chikungunya with the terms lymphedema, lymphoscintigraphy, vascular complications, or nuclear medicine6-12, I found no article associating lymphedema or lymphadenopathy secondary to Chikungunya virus infection and abnormal images of lymphoscintigraphy, as described in my article, including the references cited in the letter to the editor. Finally, and to be fair, the first reports, similar to the case report cited, described in Brazil, were made by researchers from the Federal University of Pernambuco in 2016, which even served as an incentive for my deepening of the subject.

    • Financial support: None.

    REFERENCES

    • 1 Norman FF, Monge-Maillo B, Perez-Molina J-A, et al. Lymphadenopathy in patients with chikungunya virus infection imported from hispaniola: case reports. J Travel Med. 2015;22(4):272-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtm.12204 PMid:25828151.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jtm.12204
    • 2 McCarthy MK, Davenport BJ, Reynoso GV, et al. Chikungunya virus impairs draining lymph node function by inhibiting HEV-mediated lymphocyte recruitment. JCI Insight. 2018;3(13):e121100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.121100 PMid:29997290.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.121100
    • 3 Iqbal H, Aziz H. Current status of spurt of chikungunya in Pakistan. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018;24(4):443-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2017.11.002 PMid:29133156.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2017.11.002
    • 4 Mogami R, Vaz JLP, Chagas YFB, et al. Ultrasound of ankles in the diagnosis of complications of chikungunya fever. Radiol Bras. 2017;50(2):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0221 PMid:28428648.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0221
    • 5 Inamadar AC, Palit A, Sampagavi VV, Raghunath S, Deshmukh NS. Cutaneous manifestations of chikungunya fever: observations made during a recent outbreak in south India. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47(2):154-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03478.x PMid:18211486.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2008.03478.x
    • 6 Staples JE, Breiman RF, Powers AM. Chikungunya fever: an epidemiological review of a re-emerging infectious disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(6):942-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/605496 PMid:19663604.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/605496
    • 7 Khoury VJ, Camilo PR. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV): what can be expected after the acute phase? Reumatol Clin. 2016;12(1):1-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2015.12.002 PMid:26781826.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reuma.2015.12.002
    • 8 Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Gil-Restrepo AF, Ramírez-Jaramillo V, et al. Post-Chikungunya chronic inflammatory rheumatism: results from a retrospective follow-up study of 283 adult and child cases in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia. Version 1. F1000 Res. 2016;5:360. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8235.1 PMid:27081477.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.8235.1
    • 9 Ramacciotti E, Agati LB, Aguiar VCR, et al. Zika and Chikungunya virus and risk for venous thromboembolism. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2019;25:1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618821184 PMid:30808213.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1076029618821184
    • 10 Ahmed K, Hoque H, Rahman F, et al. Lymphatic involvement in Chikungunya patient in Cardiovascular Practice. University Heart Journal. 2017;13(1):13-6.
    • 11 Bandyopadhyay D, Ghosh SK. Mucocutaneous manifestations of Chikungunya fever. Indian J Dermatol. 2010;55(1):64-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.60356 PMid:20418982.
      » http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.60356
    • 12 Rampal, Sharda M, Meena H. Neurological complications in Chikungunya fever. J Assoc Physicians India. 2007;55:765-9. PMid:18290551.

    History

    • Received
      03 Sept 2019
    • Accepted
      03 Sept 2019

    Publication Dates

    • Publication in this collection
      07 Aug 2020
    • Date of issue
      2020

    History

    • Received
      23 July 2019
    • Accepted
      06 Sept 2019
    Creative Common - by 4.0
    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    vertical_align_top file_download show_chart
    location_on
    Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV) Rua Estela, 515, bloco E, conj. 21, Vila Mariana, CEP04011-002 - São Paulo, SP, Tel.: (11) 5084.3482 / 5084.2853 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
    E-mail: secretaria@sbacv.org.br
    rss_feed Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS
    Acessibilidade / Reportar erro