The fauna of Brazil comprises 37 species and one variety of scorpions, belonging to 4 families and 10 genera. They are the following: FAM. BUTHIDAE 1. Genus Anateris with the species A. balzani. 2. Genus Isometrus with the species I maculatus. 3. Genus Tityus with the species: T. microcystis, T. magnimanus, T. metuendus, T. cambridgei, T. duckei, T. paraensis, T. mattogrossensis, T. paraguayensis, T. pusillus, T. silvestris, T. intermedius, T. stigmurus, T. bahiensis, T. costatus, T. trivittatus, T. dorsomaculatus, T. serrulatus. 4. Genus Rhopalurus with the species: R. agamemnon, R. debilis, R. stenochirus, R. melleipalpus, R. barythenar, R. rochai, R. acromelas, R. borellii, R. laticauda. FAM. SCORPIONIDAE. 5. Genus Dipiocentrus with the species D. gundlachi. FAM. CHACTIDAE. 6. Genus Broteas with the species B. paraensis and B. gervaisii. 7. Genus Broteochactas with the species B. parvutus and B. delicatus. FAM. BOTHRIURIDAE 8. Genus Bothriurus with the species: B. bonariensis, B. signatus and the variety B. bonariensis var asper. 9. Genus Thestylus with the species T. glasioui. 10. Genus Urophonius with the species U. brachycentrus. One may say in general terms that the fam. Bothriuridae is limited to the south of the country and the fam. Chactidae and Scorpionidae to the north (Amazon's Basin). The fam. Buthidae is distributed in the following way: the genus Ananteris is limited to Matto Grosso, the genus Isometrus is cosmopolitan, the genus Rhopalurus is dominant in the North-wester region of Brazil whits the Genus Tytius is represented in the whole country, in the North by the groups cambridgei (Amazons Basin) and pusillus (Amazons Basin and State of Mato Grosso, in the centre and South by the group stigmurus. Inthe state of Minas Geraes the dominant species are T. bahiensis and T. serrulatus the former in Ouro Preto the latter in Bello Horizonte, Santa Barbara, Itabira. Of the above mentioned species six were described by the author in collaboration with ADOLPHO LUTZ. These are the following: T. serrulatus, T. dorsomaculatus, T. microscystis, T. intermedius, R. acromelas and R. melleipalpus.