The present paper initiates a serial, in which the authors propose revising the neotropical species of Simuliidae. In this first contribution, a bibliographical survey, and redescriptions of the male, female, pupa and larva of S. (E.) orbitale LUTZ, 1910, are presented; a full description of S. (E.) pintoi n. sp. based on male, female, pupa and larva is given; S. nigrimanum MACQ. 1837 is considered a sp. inquirendae.