Calcium Silicate-Based Experimental Sealers: Physicochemical Properties Evaluation

Zordan-Bronzel, Cristiane Lopes; Tanomaru-Filho, Mario; Chávez-Andrade, Gisselle Moraima; Torres, Fernanda Ferrari Esteves; Abi-Rached, Giselle Priscilla Cruz; Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Juliane Maria

doi:10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2020-0243

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Article • Mat. Res. 24 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2020-0243 copy

Calcium Silicate-Based Experimental Sealers: Physicochemical Properties Evaluation

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate physicochemical properties of calcium silicate-based experimental (CS) endodontic sealers, developed using two different vehicles: polyethylene glycol (PG) (CS-PG) or polyethylene glycol associated to chitosan hydrogel (CS-PGCH). TotalFill BC Sealer (TF) and AH Plus (AHP) were evaluated for comparison. Setting time, flow, radiopacity, pH, solubility and volumetric change were analyzed. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests with 5% significance level. The CS-PGCH had significantly greater setting time. CS-PG flow was similar to AHP. CS-PG had higher radiopacity than CS-PGCH. Calcium silicate-based sealers presented alkaline pH in all periods. CS-PGCH presented higher solubility in comparison with CS-PG. The volumetric change of CS-PG was similar to TF after 7 days, and to AHP after 30 days. CS-PG presented proper setting time, radiopacity, flow and pH, besides low volumetric change, showing better results than CS-PGCH, and potential for clinical application.

Keywords
: Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Silicate; X-Ray Microtomography; Dental Materials; Physical Properties

Sealers	Manufacturer/Composition	Proportion

CS-PG^a	Powder: tricalcium silicate^b (46.55%), dicalcium silicate^b (6.65%), calcium phosphate monobasic^c (5.00%), calcium hydroxide^d (3.80%), zirconium oxide^e (28.50%) and calcium tungstate^e (9.50%). Liquid: polyethylene glycol 400^e.	1 g/400 µL (powder/liquid)
CS-PGCH^a	Powder: tricalcium silicate^b, dicalcium silicate^b, calcium phosphate monobasic^c, calcium hydroxide^d, zirconium oxide^e and calcium tungstate^e. Liquid: polyethylene glycol 400^e (400 µL) and chitosan hydrogel^f (200 µL).	1 g/600 µL (powder/liquid)
TotalFill BC	Brasseler, Savannah, GA, USA. Lot: 15002SP. Valid. 06.2017. Zirconium oxide, calcium silicates, calcium phosphate monobasic, calcium hydroxide, filler and thickening agents.	Ready to use
AH Plus	Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany. Lot: 199415l Valid. 02.2018. Bisphenol A/F epoxy resin, calcium tungstate, zirconium oxide, silica, iron oxide pigments dibenzyldiamine, aminoadamantane, silicone oil.	1 g/1 g (Paste/paste)

	AH Plus	TotalFill BC	CS-PG	CS-PGCH
Setting time (min)	384.0 (±0.00)^d	590.1 (±31.05)^c	785.0 (±23.45)^b	870.0 (±0.00)^a
Flow (mm²)	407.2 (±114.2)^b	535.4 (±52.8)^a	382.8 (±42.4)^b	250.5 (±46.6)^c
Flow (mm)	21.41 (±1.14)^b	24.63 (±0.57)^a	20.96 (±0.64)^b	17.46 (±1.39)^c
Radiopacity (mm Al)	9.22 (±0.44)^a	5.88 (±0.67)^b	5.49 (±0.39)^b	4.51 (±0.50)^c
Solubility 7 d (% mass loss)	0.04 (±0.48)^d	7.48 (±0.77)^c	14.05 (±1.77)^b	23.84 (±1.51)^a
Solubility 30 d (% mass loss)	0.31 (±0,33)^c	10.84 (±3.21)^b	12.70 (±2.99)^b	24.44 (±1.79)^a

Periods	AH Plus	TotalFill BC	CS-PG	CS-PGCH	Control
3 h	7.04 (±0.34)^A,c	10.70 (±0.25)^B,a	10.13 (±0.41)^AB,b	10.42 (±0.14)^AB,ab	6.15 (±0.29)^A,d
12 h	7.42 (±0.38)^A,c	11.39 (±0.33)^A,a	9.78 (±0.41)^AB,b	9.88 (±0.25)^BC,b	6.36 (±0.22)^A,d
24 h	6.58 (±0.16)^B,c	10.37 (±0.20)^B,a	9.49 (±0.43)^B,b	9.49 (±0.41)^C,b	6.50 (±0.17)^A,c
7 d	5.73 (±0.29)^C,d	10.29 (±0.21)^B,b	10.36 (±0.77)^AB,ab	10.93 (±0.54)^A,a	6.39 (±0.42)^A,c
14 d	6.44 (±0.43)^BC,b	10.57 (±0.13)^B,a	10.58 (±0.47)^A,a	10.84 (±0.43)^A,a	6.11 (±0.29)^A,b
21 d	6.05 (±0.20)^C,c	9.50 (±0.93)^C,b	10.05 (±0.91)^AB,b	10.89 (±0.30)^A,a	6.08 (±0.34)^A,c

	AH Plus	TotalFill BC	CS-PG
Volumetric change 7 d, %	1.007 (±0.406)^A,b	-1.818 (±0.617)^A,a	-2.052 (±1.324)^A,a
Volumetric change 30 d, %	-0.328 (±0.100)^B,b	-1.875 (±0.898)^A,a	-0.347 (± 0.174)^B,b

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