Residual Stress Analysis After the Induced Martensitic Transformation by Rolling and Tensile Test in the 304L TRIP Steel

Abstract

In this work, the residual stress study by XRD was carried out after martensitic transformation of a 304L steel subjected to plastic strain by rolling and tensile test, at room and cryogenic temperatures. This article intents to contribute with the understanding of residual stresses generated by martensitic transformation induced by plastic deformation due to its complexity. From the experimental conditions employed, it was possible to obtain high martensite volumetric fraction and it was possible to observe the influence of existing phases on the performance of residual stress measurements. In general, compressive residual stress was observed for both austenite and martensite phases. The samples rolled at cryogenic temperature showed higher magnitudes of compressive stresses, between -123 and -231 MPa, for martensite volumes between 98 and 100%. It was also clearly displacement and widening of diffraction line due to the presence of residual macro and microstresses when compared to the as-received material.

Keywords:
Martensitic transformation; 304L austenitic stainless steel; residual stress; X-ray diffraction; diffraction line shifts