Bio-based Carbon Electrochemically Decorated with Cu Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance

This study aimed to synthesize a composite material composed of bio-based, porous carbon matrix and Cu nanoparticles through a simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method. Concentrated Kraft black liquor was used as a carbon precursor, and Cu nanoparticles were homogeneously deposited on the carbon matrix using electrochemical deposition. The textural properties determined using N₂ isotherms indicated increased surface area of a carbon matrix with a micro-mesoporous structure. Voltammetric tests demonstrated that the composite exhibited catalytic properties for electrochemical CO₂ reduction. Compared to the bio-based, porous carbon sample (C matrix), the bio-based carbon electrode electrochemically decorated with Cu nanoparticles (C–Cu composite) exhibited increased current values of approximately 2.4 times, a potential shift of approximately 90 mV, and an onset potential of −1.02 V, under CO₂ saturation.

Keywords:
Carbon material; black liquor; copper nanoparticles; CO₂ reduction; electrochemical deposition