Influence of Hastelloy’s Cathodic Cage Plasma Deposition on Corrosion Resistance of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and of AISI D6 Tool Steel

Costa, Pablo Matheus Oliveira; Serra, Petteson Linniker Carvalho; Monção, Renan Matos; Menezes, Alan Silva de; Borges, Ferdinando Marco Rodrigues; Costa, Thercio Henrique de Carvalho; Sousa, Rômulo Ribeiro Magalhães de

doi:10.1590/19020-080-5373-MR-2020-0267

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Article • Mat. Res. 24 (1) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/19020-080-5373-MR-2020-0267 copy

Influence of Hastelloy’s Cathodic Cage Plasma Deposition on Corrosion Resistance of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and of AISI D6 Tool Steel

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

AISI D6 tool steel and AISI 304 stainless steel are among the most widely used material in the industry. However, this application field can still be expanded through the coatings deposition. In this regard, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of coatings application by cathodic cage technique using Hastelloy’s cathodic cage, on corrosion resistance of these steels. Two treatment temperatures were compared. The samples were characterized by Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction with the application of the Rietveld routine and corrosion test. The results showed the formation of multiphase layers that contributed to corrosion potentials reduction for treatments at 400 °C, being more effective when applied on AISI D6. It was observed that the corrosion resistance is influenced by the temperature, which was attributed to the precipitation of chromium nitride and iron oxide at 450 ºC.

Keywords:
Cathodic cage; Hastelloy; corrosion resistance; AISI D6; AISI 304

Samples Labeling	Substrate Material	Processing Conditions
Samples Labeling	Substrate Material	Temperature (°C)	Time (h)	Processing Environment (Gasses)
A1	AISI 304 Stainless Steel	400	4	H₂: N₂= 25%:75%
A2	AISI 304 Stainless Steel	450	4	H₂: N₂= 25%:75%
A3	AISI D6 Tool Steel	400	4	H₂: N₂= 25%:75%

Element	Samples
Element	A1	A2	A3
C	3.84±3,46	2.74±1.60	4.78±1.18
N	5.6±0.95	5.32±3.25	6.4±1.30
O	5.68±1.09	5.54±1.26	8.12±1.38
W	2.08±0.04	3.12±0.38	2.42±0.43
Mo	7.68±0.29	10.9±0.83	8.2±0.37
Cr	11.2±0.92	12.76±1.07	10.4±0.81
Mn	0.925±0.05	0.72±0.41	0.64±0.38
Fe	15.64±1.36	9.66±0.70	10.8±1.09
Ni	47.62±2.87	48.96±3.59	47.60±2.65

Chromium (Cr) 8.721%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
2.8698		2.8698			2.8698
‘		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Cr	0		0	0		1	0
Expanded Austenite 66.886%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
3.5940		3.5940			3.5940
		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Fe	0		0	0		1	0
N	0.5000		0.5000	0.5000		0.0324	0
Nickel (Ni) 16.569%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a			b			c
3.5382			3.5382			3.5382
Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Ni	0		0	0		1	0
Chromium Nitride (CrN) 7.824%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a			b			c
2.9950			4.1659			2.8962
Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Cr	0		0	0.2400		1	0
N	0		0.5000	0.2600		1	0

Expanded Austenite 47.125%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
3.5999		3.5999			3.5999
‘		Atomic positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Fe	0		0	0		1	0
N	0.5000		0.5000	0.5000		0.0560	0
Nickel (Ni) 7.765%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
3.5366		3.5366			3.5366
		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Ni	0		0	0		1	0
Molybdenum Nitrede (Mo₂N_0.76) 1.728%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
4.2119		4.2119			8.0745
		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Mo	0		0	0.2580		1	0
N	0		0	0		0.7600	0
Chromium Nitride (CrN) 22.010%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a			b			c
3.5102			4.1343			2.5890
Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Cr	0		0	0.2400		1	0
N	0		0.5000	0.2600		1	0
Iron Oxide (Fe₃O₄) 23.951%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a			b			c
5.7060			5.9249			7.9067
Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Fe1	0		0.2500	0.1250		1	0
Fe2	0.2500		0.2500	0.7500		1	0
Fe3	0		0	0.5000		1	0
O2	0		0.5237	0.2400		1	0
O2	0.2445		0.2500	-0.0154		1	0

Iron Nitride (Fe₃N) 12.973%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
4.6820		4.6820			4.3600
‘		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Fe	0		0	0.3333		1	0
N1	0		0	0		1	0
N2	0.3333		0.6667	0.5000		1	0
Chromium Nitride (CrN) 0.358%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
3.0000		2.8803			3.1887
		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Cr	0		0	0.2400		1	0
N	0		0.5000	0.2600		1	0
Iron Nickel (FeNi₃) 22.266%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a		b			c
3.5394		3.5394			3.5394
		Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Fe	0		0	0		1	0
Ni	0		0.5000	0.5000		1	0
Chromium (Cr) 64.403%
Lattice parameters (Å)
a			b			c
3.6008			3.6008			3.6008
Atomics positions
Atoms	x		y	z		Occupancy	U_iso
Cr	0		0	0		1	0

Samples	E_corrosion(V)	i_corrosion(A cm2)	i_passivation(A cm-2)	E_pite(V)
AISI 304	-0.17	1.27 x 10^-8	1.29 x 10^-7	0.13
A1	-0.03	1.31 x 10^-7	6.13 x 10^-7	0.34
A2	-0.23	2.04 x 10^-6	-	-
AISI D6	-0.26	1.49 x 10^-7	3.30 x 10^-6	0.22
A3	0.19	4.12 x 10^-9	8.37 x 10^-8	0.45

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