The microstructural evolution and phase transformation of a Ti-5Nb-5Al alloy during isothermal annealing treatment were studied in this paper. The microstructural evolution was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD). The first-principle calculation by density functional theory method was performed to analyze the effect of niobium diffusion on the α to β transformation. The results showed that the α phase initially grew by merging neighboring grains and then by boundary splitting with increasing the solution time below the β-transus temperature. However, the α phase disappeared absolutely above the β-transus temperature. According to the thermodynamic analysis by DFT calculations, the diffusion of niobium from β to α phase can promote the α to β transformation. After quenching in water, the acicular α’ phase precipitated from β matrix with an orientation relationship of {110}bcc||{0001}hcp and <111>bcc||<1120>hcp, and thus increased the hardness of the alloy.
Keywords:
Titanium alloy; Microstructural evolution; Hardness; Diffusion; First-principle calculation
