Phenotypic variability in the shield morphology of wild- vs. lab-reared eumalacostracan larvae

Braig, Florian; Haug, Carolin; Haug, Joachim T.

doi:10.1590/2358-2936e2023004

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Original Article • Nauplius 31 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2023004 copy

Phenotypic variability in the shield morphology of wild- vs. lab-reared eumalacostracan larvae

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Morphological identification of planktic crustacean larvae is required in many scientific contexts, such as ecology or taxonomy. Due to a still low availability of genetic sequences for many ingroups of Eumalacostraca, this task is still more feasible by morphological methods. Our understanding of eumalacostracan larval morphology is challenged by phenotypic variability. We investigated four eumalacostracan ingroups: Galatheidae, Hippoidea, Raninidae and Stomatopoda. Representatives of all four groups develop through spine-bearing planktic larval stages. Incorporating dorsal and lateral shield outlines into three-dimensional shape analysis of the shields, we compare specimens from the wild with laboratory-reared specimens. Using graphical and statistical analysis methods, we find that at least the lateral morphology of the shields of Hippoidea and Raninidae seems to be too strongly dependent on phylogeny to show phenotypic variability with our current sample size, but Hippoidea do show phenotypic variability in their dorsal shield morphology. In Galatheidae and Stomatopoda, a clear difference in shield morphology can be found between wild-caught and laboratory-reared specimens. This difference likely represents phenotypic variability. The exact environmental signals causing this phenotypic variability are still unknown, but some candidates are discussed.

Keywords:
Galatheidae; Hippoidea; morphological diversity; Raninidae; Stomatopoda

	Wild-caught	Laboratory	Identified sp.	Accepted sp.	Taxonomic coverage (%)
Galatheidae	27	35	15	215	7
Hippoidea	25	24	7	87	8
Raninidae	3	15	2	39	5
Stomatopoda	103	34	31	489	6

Taxonomic group	View	F	R²	p-value
Galatheidae	dorsal	4.90	0.077	0.004
Galatheidae	lateral	16803.00	0.352	0.001
Hippoidea	dorsal	3.82	0.085	0.020
Hippoidea	lateral	0.57	0.021	0.620
Raninidae	lateral	0.63	0.038	0.619
Stomatopoda	dorsal	3.46	0.027	0.023
Stomatopoda	lateral	7.22	0.106	0.001

No	major group	species group	species	origin	author	year	figure	accession number	museum	geographic information	cruise	dorsal	lateral
gal_001	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5463	MNHN Paris		Hors campagne INVMAR, stat. 15A	yes	yes
gal_002	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5473A	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
gal_003	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5473B	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
gal_004	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5513A	MNHN Paris		Hors campagne INVMAR, stat. 309	yes	yes
gal_005	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5513B	MNHN Paris		Hors campagne INVMAR, stat. 309	yes	yes
gal_006	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5515	MNHN Paris		Hors campagne INVMAR, stat. 311	yes	yes
gal_007	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5516A	MNHN Paris		Hors campagne INVMAR, stat. 309	yes	yes
gal_009	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5520	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
gal_010	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	lab	Christiansen and Anger	1990	fig. 1A					yes	yes
gal_011	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	lab	Christiansen and Anger	1990	fig. 1B					yes	yes
gal_012	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	lab	Christiansen and Anger	1990	fig. 1C					yes	yes
gal_013	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	lab	Christiansen and Anger	1990	fig. 1D					yes	yes
gal_014	unidentified	Pleuroncodes	monodon	lab	Fagetti and Campodonico	1971	fig. 1.1					yes	no
gal_015	unidentified	Pleuroncodes	monodon	lab	Fagetti and Campodonico	1971	fig. 1.2					yes	no
gal_016	unidentified	Pleuroncodes	monodon	lab	Fagetti and Campodonico	1971	fig.1.3					yes	no
gal_017	unidentified	Pleuroncodes	monodon	lab	Fagetti and Campodonico	1971	fig. 1.4					yes	no
gal_018	unidentified	Pleuroncodes	monodon	lab	Fagetti and Campodonico	1971	fig. 3.39					yes	no
gal_019	unidentified	Galathea	inflata	lab	Fujita et al.	2001	fig. 1A					yes	yes
gal_020	unidentified	Galathea	inflata	lab	Fujita et al.	2001	fig. 3A					yes	yes
gal_021	unidentified	Galathea	inflata	lab	Fujita et al.	2001	fig. 5A					yes	yes
gal_022	unidentified	Galathea	inflata	lab	Fujita et al.	2001	fig. 7A					yes	yes
gal_023	unidentified	Galathea	inflata	lab	Fujita et al.	2001	fig. 9A					yes	yes
gal_024	unidentified	Galathea	amboinensis	lab	Fujita et al.	2003	fig. 3A					yes	yes
gal_025	unidentified	Galathea	amboinensis	lab	Fujita et al.	2003	fig. 3B					yes	yes
gal_026	unidentified	Galathea	amboinensis	lab	Fujita et al.	2003	fig. 3D					yes	yes
gal_027	unidentified	Galathea	amboinensis	lab	Fujita et al.	2003	fig. 3E					yes	yes
gal_028	unidentified	Munida	rugosa	lab	Lebour	1930	Plate I A, B					yes	yes
gal_029	unidentified	Munida	rugosa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate I C					yes	no
gal_030	unidentified	Galathea	strigosa	lab	Lebour	1930	Plate II A, B					yes	yes
gal_031	unidentified	Galathea	strigosa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate II C					yes	no
gal_032	unidentified	Galathea	strigosa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate II D					yes	no
gal_033	unidentified	Galathea	strigosa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate II E					yes	no
gal_034	unidentified	Galathea	dispersa	lab	Lebour	1930	Plate III A					yes	no
gal_035	unidentified	Galathea	dispersa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate III B					yes	no
gal_036	unidentified	Galathea	dispersa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate III C					yes	no
gal_037	unidentified	Galathea	dispersa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate III D					yes	no
gal_038	unidentified	Galathea	dispersa	wild	Lebour	1930	Plate III E					yes	no
gal_039	unidentified	Sadayoshia	edwardsii	lab	Fujita and Shokita	2005	fig. 2A					yes	yes
gal_040	unidentified	Sadayoshia	edwardsii	lab	Fujita and Shokita	2005	fig. 2C					yes	yes
gal_041	unidentified	Sadayoshia	edwardsii	lab	Fujita and Shokita	2005	fig. 2E					yes	yes
gal_042	unidentified	Sadayoshia	edwardsii	lab	Fujita and Shokita	2005	fig. 2F					yes	yes
gal_043	unidentified	Lauriea	gardineri	lab	Fujita	2007	fig. 1B					yes	yes
gal_044	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	integrirostris	lab	Fujita	2007	fig. 3B					yes	yes
gal_045	unidentified	Allogalathea	elegans	lab	Fujita	2010	fig. 2A					yes	yes
gal_046	unidentified	Allogalathea	elegans	lab	Fujita	2010	fig. 2B					yes	yes
gal_047	unidentified	Allogalathea	elegans	lab	Fujita	2010	fig. 2C					yes	yes
gal_048	unidentified	Allogalathea	elegans	lab	Fujita	2010	fig. 2D					yes	yes
gal_049	unidentified	Agononida	incerta	lab	Konishi and Saito	2000	fig. 1A					yes	no
gal_050	unidentified	Munida	striola	lab	Konishi and Saito	2000	fig. 3A					yes	no
gal_051	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	pusillus	wild	Mujica et al.	2019	fig. 1					yes	no
gal_052	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	pusillus	wild	Mujica et al.	2019	fig. 1					yes	no
gal_053	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	pusillus	wild	Mujica et al.	2019	fig. 1					yes	no
gal_054	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	pusillus	wild	Mujica et al.	2019	fig. 1					yes	no
gal_055	unidentified	Phylladiorhynchus	pusillus	wild	Mujica et al.	2019	fig. 1					yes	no
gal_056	unidentified	Galathea	squamifera	lab	Lebour	1931	Plate 1A					yes	no
gal_057	unidentified	Galathea	squamifera	wild	Lebour	1931	Plate 1B					yes	no
gal_058	unidentified	Galathea	squamifera	wild	Lebour	1931	Plate 1C					yes	no
gal_059	unidentified	Galathea	squamifera	wild	Lebour	1931	Plate 1D					yes	no
gal_060	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	lab	Lebour	1931	Plate 1F					yes	no
gal_061	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	wild	Lebour	1931	Plate 1G					yes	no
gal_062	unidentified	Galathea	intermedia	wild	Lebour	1931	Plate 1H					yes	no
hip_001	Hippidae	Emerita	analoga	lab	Johnson and Lewis	1942	Plate I 3					yes	no
hip_002	Hippidae	Emerita	analoga	wild	Johnson and Lewis	1942	Plate I 5					no	yes
hip_003	Blepharipodidae	Blepharipoda	occidentalis	lab	Johnson and Lewis	1942	Plate III					yes	yes
hip_004	Blepharipodidae	Blepharipoda	occidentalis	wild	Johnson and Lewis	1942	Plate IV					yes	yes
hip_005	Albuneidae	Lepidopa	myops	lab	Johnson and Lewis	1942	Plate V					yes	yes
hip_006	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 1a					yes	no
hip_007	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 2a					yes	no
hip_008	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 3a					yes	no
hip_009	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 4a					yes	no
hip_010	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 5a					yes	no
hip_011	Hippidae	Emerita	holthuisi	lab	Siddiqi and Ghory	2006	fig. 6a					yes	no
hip_012	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 25					yes	yes
hip_013	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 27					yes	yes
hip_014	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 29					yes	yes
hip_015	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 31					yes	yes
hip_016	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 33					yes	yes
hip_017	Hippidae	Emerita	sp.	lab	Fonghoy	2015	fig. 35					yes	yes
hip_018	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 4A-B	MNHN-IU-2014-5475A	MNHN Paris	3°38'S 9°22'E, west of Gabun	Ombango 1960, c. 12, station 301	yes	no
hip_019	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 4C-D	MNHN-IU-2014-5475B	MNHN Paris	3°38'S 9°22'E, west of Gabun	Ombango 1960, c. 12, station 301	yes	no
hip_020	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 4E-H	ZMH-K07448B	CeNak Hamburg	20°S 73°W, west of Chile	-	yes	yes
hip_021	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 3A-D	ZMH-K07448A	CeNak Hamburg	20°S 73°W, west of Chile	-	yes	yes
hip_022	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 3E-F	MNHN-IU-2014-5524A	MNHN Paris	23°07'S - 43°11'W, south of Brazil	Calypso 1961-62, station 108	yes	yes
hip_023	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 3G-I	MNHN-IU-2014-5524B	MNHN Paris	23°07'S - 43°11'W, south of Brazil	Calypso 1961-62, station 108	yes	yes
hip_024	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 3J-L	MNHN-IU-2014-5526	MNHN Paris	24°03'S - 46°22'W, south of Brazil	Calypso 1961-62, station 139	yes	yes
hip_025	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 1	ZMH-K16356	CeNak Hamburg	Sansibar	-	yes	yes
hip_026	Albuneidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 2A-C	MNHN-IU-2014-5523	MNHN Paris	08°25'S - 34°48'W, east of Brazil	Calypso 1961-62, station 26	yes	yes
hip_027	Albuneidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 2D-F	MNHN-IU-2014-5527	MNHN Paris	24°03'S - 46°22'W, south of Brazil	Calypso 1961-62, station 139	yes	yes
hip_028	Albuneidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Braig et al.	2021	fig. 2G-H	MNHN-IU-2014-5518	MNHN Paris	-	Calypso 1961-62, station 153	yes	yes
hip_029	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	MNHN-IU-2014-5468	MNHN Paris			yes	no
hip_030	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	SMF-Mu_267	CeNak Hamburg			yes	no
hip_031	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86483 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8679)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
hip_032	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86484 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8680)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
hip_033	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86486 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8682)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
hip_034	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86487 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8683)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
hip_035	Hippidae	unknown	unknown	wild	Rudolf et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86488 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8684)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
hip_036	Albuneidae	Albunea	carabus	wild	Seridji	1988	fig. 1a					yes	no
hip_037	Albuneidae	Albunea	carabus	wild	Seridji	1988	fig. 2a					yes	no
hip_038	Albuneidae	Albunea	carabus	wild	Seridji	1988	fig. 3a					yes	no
hip_039	Albuneidae	Lepidopa	benedicti	lab	Stuck & Truesdale	1986	fig. 1					yes	yes
hip_040	Albuneidae	Lepidopa	benedicti	lab	Stuck & Truesdale	1986	fig. 2					yes	no
hip_041	Albuneidae	Lepidopa	benedicti	lab	Stuck & Truesdale	1986	fig. 3					yes	no
hip_042	Albuneidae	Lepidopa	benedicti	lab	Stuck & Truesdale	1986	fig. 4					yes	yes
hip_043	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	lab	Knight	1967	fig. 1					no	yes
hip_044	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	lab	Knight	1967	fig. 2					no	yes
hip_045	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	lab	Knight	1967	fig. 3					no	yes
hip_046	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	wild	Knight	1967	fig. 4, 7, 9					yes	yes
hip_047	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	wild	Knight	1967	fig. 5					no	yes
hip_048	Hippidae	Emerita	rathbunae	lab	Knight	1967	fig. 6					yes	no
ran_001	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	This paper		Fig. 1 I	MNHN-IU-2014-5467	MNHN Paris			no	yes
ran_002	unknown	unknown	unknown	wild	This paper		Fig. 1 J	MNHN-IU-2014-5360	MNHN Paris	23° 20' 30.0012'' S ; 168° 5' 6.0252'' E	SMIB 5, stat. DW101	no	yes
ran_003	Raninidae	Raninoides	benedicti	lab	Knight	1968	figs. 1, 5, 6					yes	yes
ran_004	Raninidae	Raninoides	benedicti	lab	Knight	1968	figs. 2, 7, 8					yes	yes
ran_005	Raninidae	Raninoides	benedicti	lab	Knight	1968	figs. 3, 9, 10					yes	yes
ran_006	Raninidae	Raninoides	benedicti	lab	Knight	1968	figs. 4, 11, 12					yes	yes
ran_007	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 1					no	yes
ran_008	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 2					no	yes
ran_009	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 3					no	yes
ran_010	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 4					no	yes
ran_011	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 5					no	yes
ran_012	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 6					no	yes
ran_013	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 7					no	yes
ran_014	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Minagawa	1990	fig. 8					no	yes
ran_015	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	wild	Rice and Ingle	1977	fig. 1					no	yes
ran_016	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Sakai	1971	fig. 1					no	yes
ran_017	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Sakai	1971	fig. 2					no	yes
ran_018	Raninidae	Ranina	ranina	lab	Sakai	1971	fig. 3					no	yes
sto_001	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 2					yes	no
sto_002	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 4					yes	no
sto_003	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 6					yes	no
sto_004	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 8					yes	no
sto_005	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 10					yes	no
sto_006	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 12					yes	no
sto_007	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Diaz	1998	fig. 14					yes	no
sto_008	unidentified	Lysiosquilla	sp.	wild	Gamô	1979	fig. 1	KH79-1-5-1		5°38.8'N, 130°20.2'E - 5°28.0'N, 130°19.9'E	KH-79-1	yes	no
sto_012	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 4					yes	yes
sto_013	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 5					yes	yes
sto_014	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 6					yes	yes
sto_015	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 7					yes	yes
sto_016	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 8					yes	yes
sto_017	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 1A					yes	no
sto_018	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 1B					yes	no
sto_019	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 1C					yes	no
sto_020	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 12					yes	no
sto_021	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 15					yes	no
sto_022	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 17A					yes	no
sto_023	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 17B					yes	no
sto_024	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 19					yes	no
sto_025	unidentified	Squilla	empusa	wild	Morgan and Provenzano	1979	fig. 21					yes	no
sto_026	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Provenzano and Manning	1978	fig. 2					yes	yes
sto_027	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Provenzano and Manning	1978	fig. 3					yes	yes
sto_028	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Provenzano and Manning	1978	fig. 4					yes	yes
sto_029	unidentified	Gonodactylus	chiragra	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 1A					yes	no
sto_030	unidentified	Gonodactylus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 1C					yes	no
sto_031	unidentified	Gonodactylus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 1E					yes	no
sto_032	unidentified	Gonodactylus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 1G					yes	no
sto_033	unidentified	Gonodactylus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 1J					yes	no
sto_034	unidentified	Pseudosquilla	ciliata	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 2A					yes	no
sto_035	unidentified	Pseudosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 2C					yes	no
sto_036	unidentified	Acanthosquilla	multifasciata	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 2G					yes	no
sto_037	unidentified	Lysiosquilla	duvaucelli?	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 3A					yes	no
sto_038	unidentified	Lysiosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 3E					yes	no
sto_039	unidentified	Alima	hieroglyphica	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 4A					yes	no
sto_040	unidentified	Alima	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 4C					yes	no
sto_041	unidentified	Harpiosquilla	harpax	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 5A					yes	no
sto_042	unidentified	Harpiosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 5C					yes	no
sto_043	unidentified	Harpiosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 5E					yes	no
sto_044	unidentified	Miyakella	nepa	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 5H					yes	no
sto_045	unidentified	Oratosquilla	gonypetes	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 6A					yes	no
sto_046	unidentified	Oratosquilla	woodmansoni	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 6B					yes	no
sto_047	unidentified	Oratosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 6C					yes	no
sto_048	unidentified	Oratosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 7C					yes	no
sto_252	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		23_09_1903_X01E	MfN Berlin			yes	no
sto_253	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		20500	MfN Berlin			yes	no
sto_257	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2016	fig. 1	NHMD-86459 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8655)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_258	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232158	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_259	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916092	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_260	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-273050	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_261	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		1192_VII_A	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_262	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916093	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_264	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232168	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_265	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2018	fig. 1	NHMD-232175	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_267	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916094	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_268	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232176	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_269	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2016	fig. 8	NHMD-86472 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8668)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_270	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	This Paper		Fig. 1 K-L	NHDM-916095 (Old number: Stat-3955-II-A)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_271	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232173 (Old number: Stat-3955-II-B)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_272	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916096	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_274	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232181	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_276	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916097	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_277	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232161	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_278	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2018	fig. 5	NHMD-232162	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_279	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-86475	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_280	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232163	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_281	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-916098	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_282	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232165	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_284	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2016	fig. 5	NHMD-86470 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8666)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_285	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2016	fig. 8	NHMD-86471 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8667)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_287	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug et al.	2016	fig. 8	NHMD-86468 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-8664)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	no
sto_289	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232171	NHMD Copenhagen			no	yes
sto_290	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		NHMD-232160	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes
sto_296	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5493C	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_297	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5495	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_298	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5498	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_299	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5499	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_300	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5493B	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_301	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5509	MNHN Paris			yes	no
sto_302	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5474	MNHN Paris	20° 32' 42'' S ; 55° 40' 53.9976'' E	MD32 (REUNION), stat. CP146	yes	yes
sto_303	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5476	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_304	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5477	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_305	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5488	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_306	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5489	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_307	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5493A	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_308	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5494	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_309	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5500	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_311	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5507	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_312	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5511	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_313	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 4					yes	yes
sto_314	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 5					yes	yes
sto_315	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 6					yes	yes
sto_316	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 7					yes	yes
sto_317	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 8					yes	yes
sto_318	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 9					yes	yes
sto_319	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 10					yes	yes
sto_320	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 11					yes	yes
sto_321	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 12					yes	yes
sto_322	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 13					yes	yes
sto_338	unidentified	Squilla	hieroglyphica	wild	Alikunhi	1944	fig. 1					yes	no
sto_339	unidentified	Heterosquilla	tricarinata	lab	Greenwood and Williams	1984	fig. 1					yes	no
sto_340	unidentified	Heterosquilla	tricarinata	lab	Greenwood and Williams	1984	fig. 1					yes	no
sto_341	unidentified	Heterosquilla	tricarinata	lab	Greenwood and Williams	1984	fig. 1					yes	no
sto_342	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Manning and Provenzano	1963	fig. 1					yes	yes
sto_343	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Manning and Provenzano	1963	fig. 3					yes	yes
sto_344	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Manning and Provenzano	1963	fig. 5					yes	yes
sto_345	unidentified	Gonodactylus	oerstedii	lab	Manning and Provenzano	1963	fig. 7					yes	yes
sto_346	unidentified	Chorisquilla	tuberculata	wild	Michel and Manning	1972	fig. 1					yes	yes
sto_347	unidentified	Chorisquilla	tuberculata	wild	Michel and Manning	1972	fig. 3					yes	yes
sto_348	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 1					yes	yes
sto_349	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 2					yes	yes
sto_350	unidentified	Gonodactylus	bredini	lab	Morgan and Goy	1987	fig. 3					yes	yes
sto_351	unidentified	Acanthosquilla	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 2E					yes	no
sto_352	unidentified	Coroniderichthus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 3H					yes	no
sto_353	unidentified	Coroniderichthus	sp.	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 3J					yes	no
sto_354	unidentified	Clorida	laterilli	wild	Shanbhogue	1975	fig. 4E					yes	no
sto_355	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 22A					yes	no
sto_356	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 22B					yes	no
sto_357	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 22C					yes	no
sto_358	unidentified	Squilla	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 22D					yes	no
sto_359	unidentified	Pseudosquilla	ciliata	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 23A					yes	no
sto_360	unidentified	Pseudosquilla	ciliata	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 23B					yes	yes
sto_361	unidentified	Pseudosquilla	ciliata	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 23D					no	yes
sto_362	unidentified	Lysiosquilla	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 25B					no	yes
sto_363	unidentified	Coronida	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 26A					no	yes
sto_364	unidentified	Coronida	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 27A					yes	no
sto_365	unidentified	Odontodactylus	sp.	wild	Townsley	1953	fig. 28A					no	yes
sto_366	unidentified	Odontodactylus	sp.	wild	Townsley	1954	fig. 28B					no	yes
sto_367	unidentified	Oratosquilla	oratoria	lab	Hamano	1986	fig. 3					yes	yes
sto_368	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5481	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_369	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5483B	MNHN Paris			yes	no
sto_370	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5487	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_371	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5502	MNHN Paris			yes	no
sto_372	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	/	/		MNHN-IU-2014-5510	MNHN Paris			yes	yes
sto_373	unidentified	unknown	unknown	wild	Haug and Haug	2014	fig. 4	NHMD-88528 (Old number: ZMUC-CRU-20243)	NHMD Copenhagen			yes	yes

Sociedade Brasileira de Carcinologia Instituto de Biociências, UNESP, Campus Botucatu, Rua Professor Doutor Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, 250 , Botucatu, SP, 18618-689 - Botucatu - SP - Brazil
E-mail: editor.nauplius@gmail.com

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[1] CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Florian Braig braig@bio.lmu.de