Large-scale migration of a school shark, Galeorhinus galeus , in the Southwestern Atlantic

Knowledge of the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of chondrichthyans is critical for their effective management. In this study we report and analyze a large-scale latitudinal migration (~ 1,425 km) of a female school shark in the Southwestern Atlantic shelf where it is currently classified as Critically Endangered. During the austral summer (February 15, 2015), ninety-four school sharks were captured (75 females and 19 males) and tagged with fin tags in Nuevo Gulf (~ 42°43’S, 64°53’W, Argentina). A female of 112 cm total length was recaptured in Uruguayan shelf waters in the austral winter (August 17, 2015). This long displacement represents the first direct evidence to support Vooren and Lucifora’s hypothesis of a single transnational population of Galeorhinus galeus in the Southwestern Atlantic. The good agreement found between the school shark habitat conditions (salinity 33-34, temperature 12-17°C) and the warmer member of Subantarctic Shelf Waters suggests that the seasonal variation in school shark abundance within this region could be related to water masses movements.

Keywords:
Argentina-Brazil; Distribution pattern; Habitat preference; Migration; Shelf water

Authorship

Andrés J. Jaureguizar

Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Calle 526 e/ 10- 11, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina.Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos AiresArgentinaLa Plata, ArgentinaComisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CIC), Calle 526 e/ 10- 11, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina.

Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7600EEP, Mar del Plata, República Argentina. ajj@inidep.edu.ar, / https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8682 (corresponding author)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo PesqueroArgentinaMar del Plata, ArgentinaInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo N° 1, B7600EEP, Mar del Plata, República Argentina. ajj@inidep.edu.ar, / https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8682 (corresponding author)

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8682

Federico Argemi

Fundación Temaiken, Ruta 25, Km. 1, Escobar, Argentina. fargemi@temaiken.org.arFundación TemaikenArgentinaEscobar, ArgentinaFundación Temaiken, Ruta 25, Km. 1, Escobar, Argentina. fargemi@temaiken.org.ar

Gastón Trobbiani

Centro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT CENPAT - CONICET). Boulevard Brown 2915, (U9120ACD) Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. (GT) trobbiani@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar, (AJI) alejo@cenpat-conicet.gob.arConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasArgentinaPuerto Madryn, Chubut, ArgentinaCentro para el Estudio de Sistemas Marinos (CESIMAR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CCT CENPAT - CONICET). Boulevard Brown 2915, (U9120ACD) Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina. (GT) trobbiani@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar, (AJI) alejo@cenpat-conicet.gob.ar

Elbio D. Palma

Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía, CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. uspalma@criba.edu.arCONICETArgentinaBahía Blanca, ArgentinaInstituto Argentino de Oceanografía, CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. uspalma@criba.edu.ar

Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. uspalma@criba.edu.arUniversidad Nacional del SurArgentinaBahía Blanca, ArgentinaDepartamento de Física, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Av. Alem 1253, B8000CPB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina. uspalma@criba.edu.ar

Alejo J. Irigoyen

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures

Figures (2)

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Fig. 1
Schematic representation of the depth-averaged ocean circulation in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (adapted from Matano et al., 2010Matano RP, Palma ED, Piola AR. The influence of the Brazil and Malvinas Currents on the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation. Ocean Sci. 2010; 6:983-95.) showing the geographical locations of tagging of Galeorhinus galeus [Triangle, Nuevo Gulf (NG), 42°30’S, 65°55’W, depth 100 m], newest recapture in Uruguayan shelf waters (Star, 35°30’S, 51°48’W - depth 290 m) and the two old recapture sites (Circle, Mar del Plata, 38°24’S, 57°18’W, depth 40 m and Canal Culebra, 40°24’S, 62°06’W - depth 15 m, Irigoyen et al., 2015Irigoyen A, Sibbald C, Cuestas M, Cristiani F, Trobbiani G. Patrones estacionales de abundancia en el Golfo Nuevo y migración a lo largo de la plataforma Argentina de cazones (Galeorhinus galeus [Linnaeus 1758]) y gatopardos (Notorynchus cepedianus [Péron 1807]) (Argentina). Ecología Austral. 2015; 25(2):144-48.). Additional geographical locations are indicated with acronyms: SMG = San Matías Gulf, VP = Valdés Peninsula, AB = Anegada Bay, PM = Punta Médanos, STSF = Subtropical Shelf Front. The thick curved lines represent the path of the major ocean currents. The black line is the 200m isobath. Colours indicate bottom temperature (a, c) and bottom salinity (b, d) and black arrows indicate the bottom shelf circulation extracted from a numerical model (Palma et al., 2008Palma ED, Matano RP, Piola AR. A numerical study of the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation: Stratified ocean response to local and offshore forcing. J Geophys Res Oceans . 2008; 113(C11):C11010. Available from: http://dx.doi.or/10.1029/2007JC004720
http://dx.doi.or/10.1029/2007JC004720... ). The yellow and gray lines in the left panels indicate the 11 and 17 °C isotherms respectively. The red and cyan lines in the right panels indicate the 33.93 and 33.5 isohalines.

Thumbnail

Fig. 2
A) Releasing of a tagged Galeorhinus galeus, B) the recaptured tag on August 17, 2015, and C) length size distribution of school sharks captured and tagged in Nuevo Gulf (~ 42°30’S, Argentina) during February 15, 2015.

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of the depth-averaged ocean circulation in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (adapted from Matano et al., 2010Matano RP, Palma ED, Piola AR. The influence of the Brazil and Malvinas Currents on the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation. Ocean Sci. 2010; 6:983-95.) showing the geographical locations of tagging of Galeorhinus galeus [Triangle, Nuevo Gulf (NG), 42°30’S, 65°55’W, depth 100 m], newest recapture in Uruguayan shelf waters (Star, 35°30’S, 51°48’W - depth 290 m) and the two old recapture sites (Circle, Mar del Plata, 38°24’S, 57°18’W, depth 40 m and Canal Culebra, 40°24’S, 62°06’W - depth 15 m, Irigoyen et al., 2015Irigoyen A, Sibbald C, Cuestas M, Cristiani F, Trobbiani G. Patrones estacionales de abundancia en el Golfo Nuevo y migración a lo largo de la plataforma Argentina de cazones (Galeorhinus galeus [Linnaeus 1758]) y gatopardos (Notorynchus cepedianus [Péron 1807]) (Argentina). Ecología Austral. 2015; 25(2):144-48.). Additional geographical locations are indicated with acronyms: SMG = San Matías Gulf, VP = Valdés Peninsula, AB = Anegada Bay, PM = Punta Médanos, STSF = Subtropical Shelf Front. The thick curved lines represent the path of the major ocean currents. The black line is the 200m isobath. Colours indicate bottom temperature (a, c) and bottom salinity (b, d) and black arrows indicate the bottom shelf circulation extracted from a numerical model (Palma et al., 2008Palma ED, Matano RP, Piola AR. A numerical study of the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation: Stratified ocean response to local and offshore forcing. J Geophys Res Oceans . 2008; 113(C11):C11010. Available from: http://dx.doi.or/10.1029/2007JC004720
http://dx.doi.or/10.1029/2007JC004720... ). The yellow and gray lines in the left panels indicate the 11 and 17 °C isotherms respectively. The red and cyan lines in the right panels indicate the 33.93 and 33.5 isohalines.

Fig. 2 A) Releasing of a tagged Galeorhinus galeus, B) the recaptured tag on August 17, 2015, and C) length size distribution of school sharks captured and tagged in Nuevo Gulf (~ 42°30’S, Argentina) during February 15, 2015.

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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Large-scale migration of a school shark, Galeorhinus galeus , in the Southwestern Atlantic

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