Science and hobby joining forces for the discovery of three new Corydoras (Siluriformes: Callichthyidae) from the rio Tapajós basin, Brazil, with comments on Corydoras sp. CW111

An expedition crowdfunded by aquarists to a region of the Brazilian state of Pará drained by the Tapajós and Xingu river basins resulted in the capture of five species of Corydoras from the rio Jamanxim basin, a tributary to the rio Tapajós, of which three could be confirmed as new and described herein. The new species can be promptly diagnosed from their congeners by the combination of features related to color pattern and osteology. Considering the gathered information on color patterns and morphology plus field observations, the new species are considered to compose two distinct Müllerian mimicry rings, with two of them forming a mimetic pair, while the third one forms a pair with a fourth non-identified species captured in the same expedition. An identification key to the species of Corydoras from the rio Tapajós basin is also provided.

Keywords:
Amazon basin; Corydoradinae; Osteology; Rio Jamanxim; Taxonomy

Authorship

Luiz Fernando Caserta Tencatt

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. (LFCT) luiztencatt@hotmail.com (corresponding author).1 Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrazilCuiabá, MT, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. (LFCT) luiztencatt@hotmail.com (corresponding author).

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-4354

Willian Massaharu Ohara

Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Avenida Jauary Marinho, Setor Sul, Coroado, 69080-900 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (WMO) ohara@ufam.edu.br.Universidade Federal do AmazonasBrazilManaus, AM, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Amazonas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Avenida Jauary Marinho, Setor Sul, Coroado, 69080-900 Manaus, AM, Brazil. (WMO) ohara@ufam.edu.br.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-4198

Leandro Melo de Sousa

Universidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Ictiologia de Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfírio, 2515, São Sebastião, 68372-040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. (LMS) lmsousa@ufpa.br.Universidade Federal do ParáBrazilAltamira, PA, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Pará, Laboratório de Ictiologia de Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfírio, 2515, São Sebastião, 68372-040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. (LMS) lmsousa@ufpa.br.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0793-9737

Marcelo Ribeiro de Britto

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, Setor de Ictiologia, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (MRB) mrbritto@mn.ufrj.br.Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, Setor de Ictiologia, Quinta da Boa Vista s/n, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. (MRB) mrbritto@mn.ufrj.br.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0611-6923

Edited-by

Fernando Carvalho

Correspondence

Luiz Fernando Caserta Tencatt luiztencatt@hotmail.com

Author's Contribution

Luiz Fernando Caserta Tencatt: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Willian Massaharu Ohara: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Leandro Melo de Sousa: Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Marcelo Ribeiro de Britto: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical Statement

The field studies did not involve endangered species and collection permit was granted by the Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade (WMO # SISBIO 65628–1 and MRB # SISBIO 13171).

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (15)
Tables (3)

	Holotype	Low–High	Mean±SD
Standard length (mm)	33.2	16.0–37.0	27.1
Percent of standard length
Depth of body	42.5	37.8–42.7	39.9±1.4
Predorsal distance	54.5	49.8–54.5	52.5±1.1
Prepelvic distance	50.3	47.2–51.9	49.2±1.0
Preanal distance	85.2	80.9–87.0	84.0±1.6
Preadipose distance	89.2	84.7–89.7	87.4±1.4
Length of dorsal spine	32.2	25.1–34.2	29.8±2.7
Length of pectoral spine	31.0	26.3–32.3	29.7±1.7
Length of adipose-fin spine	8.1	6.9–10.1	9.1±0.9
Depth of caudal peduncle	17.5	15.4–18.8	16.6±0.8
Length of dorsal-fin base	18.7	16.9–21.3	18.7±1.2
Dorsal to adipose distance	20.2	16.5–22.0	19.9±1.5
Maximum cleithral width	30.1	27.5–31.1	29.3±1.0
Head length	48.2	43.4–48.2	45.9±1.1
Length of maxillary barbel	12.3	9.3–14.7	12.4±1.3
Percent of head length
Head depth	81.9	77.5–84.1	80.8±2.0
Least interorbital distance	31.9	29.1–32.9	31.1±0.8
Horizontal orbit diameter	20.6	19.7–25.9	22.0±2.1
Snout length	36.9	34.2–42.7	38.0±2.0
Least internarial distance	17.5	15.7–19.2	17.6±1.0