Uma redescrição de Hypostomus hermanni é aqui apresentada, juntamente com a descrição de uma nova espécie de Hypostomus, que é aparentemente endêmica da bacia do rio Ivaí, afluente do alto rio Paraná, Brasil. Hypostomus hermanni é diagnosticada de suas congêneres principalmente por apresentar: geralmente grandes manchas pretas ao longo do corpo e nadadeiras; ausência de quilhas no pterótico-composto, nas placas pré-dorsais e nas séries laterais de placas ósseas; por ter as regiões do parieto-supraoccipital e predorsal planas; e por ter menos que 46 dentes por cada ramo premaxilar ou dentário. A espécie nova distingue-se de suas congêneres principalmente pela ausência de manchas conspícuas no corpo, e supraocciptal não quilhado e dentes viliformes bicuspidados.

Palavras-chave:
Cascudo; Hypostomini; Hypostominae; Peixes neotropicais; Taxonomia

Autoria

Angelica Corrêa Dias

Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (ACD) angelcdias@hotmail.com (corresponding author).Universidade Estadual PaulistaBrazilBotucatu, SP, BrazilLaboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Prof. Dr. Antônio C. W. Zanin, 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. (ACD) angelcdias@hotmail.com (corresponding author).

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6011-3734

Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki

Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. (CHZ) chzawadzki@hotmail.com.Universidade Estadual de MaringáBrazilMaringá, PR, BrazilNúcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (Nupélia), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil. (CHZ) chzawadzki@hotmail.com.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-4908

Edited-by

Hernán López-Fernández

Correspondence

Angelica Corrêa Dias angelcdias@hotmail.com

Author's Contribution

Angelica Corrêa Dias: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Cláudio Henrique Zawadzki: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, Writing-review and editing.

Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethical Statement

This work was approved by the Collection Licenses of SISBIO registered by the number 11360–1.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (9)
Tabelas (3)

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FIGURE 1 |
Hypostomus hermanni, NUP 16526, topotype, 134.4 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

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FIGURE 2 |
Hypostomus hermanni, BMNH 1905.6.9.5, holotype, 201.8 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

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FIGURE 3 |
Hypostomus hermanni, in life. NUP 16526, topotype, 134.4 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin.

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FIGURE 4 |
Salto de Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, tributary of Tietê River, Upper Paraná River basin. The most probable type-locality spot of Hypostomus hermanni. Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, 22°43’15’’S 47°39’22’’W, 474 m.

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FIGURE 5 |
Hypostomus robertsoni, holotype, NUP 22740, 127.9 mm SL; Brazil, Paraná State, Marialva, Keller River, tributary of Ivaí River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

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FIGURE 6 |
Specimens of Hypostomus robertsoni in life, with inconspicuous dorsal fin dark blotches.

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FIGURE 7 |
Distribution of Hypostomus hermanni (green triangle, type-locality, and orange circles) and H. robertsoni (red triangle, type-locality, and black circles) among Upper Paraná River basin. Some marks may represent more than one record.

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FIGURE 8 |
Keller River, tributary of Ivaí River, Upper Paraná River basin. Brazil, Paraná State, Marialva. Type-locality of Hypostomus robertsoni.

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FIGURE 9 |
Hypostomus hermanni, from different sub basins in the Upper Paraná River basin. From top to bottom: NUP 16526, 134.4 mm SL, Tietê River; NUP 14995, 152.2 mm SL, Tibagi River; NUP 5584, 128.1 mm SL, Piquiri River; NUP 5402, 175.1 mm SL, Ivaí River.

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TABLE 1 |
Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus hermanni from the Ivaí, Piquiri, Tibagi and Tietê river basins. H, holotype; SD, standard deviation; n = number of specimens.

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TABLE 2 |
Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus hermanni from Upper Paraná River basin. H, holotype; SD, standard deviation. Range includes the holotype and 76 specimens.

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TABLE 3 |
Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus robertsoni. SD, standard deviation. Range includes the holotype and 68 paratypes.

FIGURE 1 | Hypostomus hermanni, NUP 16526, topotype, 134.4 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

FIGURE 2 | Hypostomus hermanni, BMNH 1905.6.9.5, holotype, 201.8 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

FIGURE 3 | Hypostomus hermanni, in life. NUP 16526, topotype, 134.4 mm SL; Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, Upper Paraná River basin.

FIGURE 4 | Salto de Piracicaba, Piracicaba River, tributary of Tietê River, Upper Paraná River basin. The most probable type-locality spot of Hypostomus hermanni. Brazil, São Paulo State, Piracicaba, 22°43’15’’S 47°39’22’’W, 474 m.

FIGURE 5 | Hypostomus robertsoni, holotype, NUP 22740, 127.9 mm SL; Brazil, Paraná State, Marialva, Keller River, tributary of Ivaí River, Upper Paraná River basin. Dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

FIGURE 6 | Specimens of Hypostomus robertsoni in life, with inconspicuous dorsal fin dark blotches.

FIGURE 7 | Distribution of Hypostomus hermanni (green triangle, type-locality, and orange circles) and H. robertsoni (red triangle, type-locality, and black circles) among Upper Paraná River basin. Some marks may represent more than one record.

FIGURE 8 | Keller River, tributary of Ivaí River, Upper Paraná River basin. Brazil, Paraná State, Marialva. Type-locality of Hypostomus robertsoni.

FIGURE 9 | Hypostomus hermanni, from different sub basins in the Upper Paraná River basin. From top to bottom: NUP 16526, 134.4 mm SL, Tietê River; NUP 14995, 152.2 mm SL, Tibagi River; NUP 5584, 128.1 mm SL, Piquiri River; NUP 5402, 175.1 mm SL, Ivaí River.

TABLE 1 | Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus hermanni from the Ivaí, Piquiri, Tibagi and Tietê river basins. H, holotype; SD, standard deviation; n = number of specimens.

	H	Ivaí n = 18	Piquiri n = 13	Tibagi n = 24	Tietê n = 26
		Range	Range	Range	Range	mean	SD
Standard length (mm)	201.8	111.2–199.4	94.8–209.2	132.9–219.7	110.5–187.1	145.7	21.9
Percents of standard length
Predorsal length	39.3	38.3–43.0	39.2–43.4	36.8–42.4	38.8–43.0	40.9	1.2
Head length	31.0	31.2–34.9	30.8–35.1	29.6–34.4	30.4–34.2	32.5	1.0
Cleithral width	31.7	30.7–34.0	30.7–33.5	28.8–32.2	30.5–34.1	32.0	0.8
Head depth	18.2	17.6–21.7	16.6–20.5	15.7–19.8	15.0–21.0	18.0	1.6
Interdorsal length	16.7	14.7–17.1	14.6–19.9	11.0–22.4	16.2–20.9	18.0	1.1
Thoracic length	23.7	20.7–26.6	20.6–27.7	15.6–27.3	20.6–26.8	23.8	1.7
Abdominal length	22.7	22.2–25.0	21.9–26.3	21.1–33.0	21.4–25.7	23.6	0.9
Dorsal-fin spine length	30.2	28.8–36.3	26.2–32.9	26.8–33.9	25.7–31.6	29.1	1.5
Pectoral-fin spine length	31.1	29.8–35.0	28.5–34.6	26.7–34.6	27.4–34.4	30.1	1.3
Pelvic unbranched ray length	23.8	21.7–27.6	23.9–28.6	23.5–27.5	24.2–29.2	26.6	1.4
Caudal-peduncle length	31.0	30.8–34.5	28.9–32.9	30.4–36.4	30.0–33.3	31.5	1.0
Caudal-peduncle depth	11.6	11.0–12.4	10.7–12.4	9.6–11.5	10.7–43.7	13.0	6.3
Percents of head length
Cleithral width	102.2	91.7–101.5	90.0–105.7	85.2–100.3	93.6–106.2	98.3	2.6
Head depth	58.9	52.5–63.9	48.5–58.9	49.4–60.3	47.7–65.5	55.5	4.8
Snout length	69.9	60.0–68.9	61.7–68.9	58.5–68.4	62.0–67.1	64.9	1.5
Orbital diameter	17.9	20.0–24.4	18.5–24.4	15.1–21.4	17.6–22.2	19.9	1.3
Interorbital width	35.8	31.6–38.4	30.7–37.5	30.6–38.7	30.4–38.7	35.4	1.9
Dentary width	19.5	19.0–27.5	15.6–26.9	16.6–24.8	17.2–22.6	20.2	1.3
Other percents
Orbital diameter/snout length	25.6	29.1–40.6	27.6–39.2	23.8–33.8	26.6–35.3	30.7	2.3
Orbital diameter/interorbital distance	50.0	54.6–74.8	52.3–74.6	43.5–62.6	45.6–66.2	56.3	5.3
Dentary width/interorbital distance	54.5	54.1–79.4	42.2–77.3	47.9–67.0	48.9–69.4	57.1	4.9
Dorsal-fin spine length/predorsal length	76.9	71.6–91.6	68.2–85.8	65.6–90.0	67.5–85.5	73.6	3.9
Lower umbranched caudal-fin ray/predorsal length	73.0	73.4–86.1	71.5–85.8	71.0–93.0	69.4–93.1	80.2	5.6
Adipose-spine length/caudal-peduncle depth	77.9	33.3–90.3	65.0–95.0	77.2–95.3	66.9–93.0	82.9	6.4
Caudal-peduncle depth/caudal-peduncle length	37.6	19.6–32.9	33.2–41.4	28.0–36.9	34.2–42.3	37.4	2.2
Dentary width/cleithral width	19.1	21.1–98.2	15.2–28.2	17.6–25.0	17.0–23.5	20.5	1.5
Interdorsal length/dorsal-fin base length	63.8	53.6–68.1	55.8–73.9	40.3–81.0	67.2–89.6	74.5	5.6
Lower lip width/lower lip length	28.0	16.1–32.0	19.5–37.4	19.0–33.9	16.2–30.3	22.9	3.6
Counts						mode
Median plate series	26	25–26	24–26	24–27	25–28	26
Pre-dorsal plates	3	3–4	3–3	3–3	3–4	3
Plates bordering supraoccipital	1	1–1	1–3	1–3	1–3	1
Dorsal plates below dorsal-fin base	8	7–9	7–10	7–9	7–10	8
Plates between dorsal and adipose fin	6	4–5	5–6	4–7	4–8	6
Plates between adipose and caudal fin	3	3–5	3–5	3–5	3–4	4
Plates between end of anal-fin base and caudal fin	13	13–14	12–14	12–14	11–14	13
Premaxillary teeth	39	18–55	20–42	30–52	23–45	33
Dentary teeth	29	21–51	18–44	32–50	26–42	34

TABLE 2 | Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus hermanni from Upper Paraná River basin. H, holotype; SD, standard deviation. Range includes the holotype and 76 specimens.

	Holotype	Range	Mean	SD
Standard length (mm)	201.8	94.8–219.7	156.7	–
Percents of standard length
Predorsal length	39.3	36.8–43.4	40.7	1.4
Head length	31.0	29.6–35.1	32.9	1.3
Cleithral width	31.7	28.8–34.1	31.7	1.2
Head depth	18.2	15.0–21.7	18.2	1.4
Interdorsal length	16.7	11.0–22.4	17.1	1.7
Thoracic length	23.7	15.6–27.3	23.2	2.0
Abdominal length	22.7	21.4–33.0	23.9	1.4
Dorsal-fin spine length	30.2	25.7–36.3	30.3	2.3
Pectoral-fin spine length	31.1	26.7–35.0	31.2	1.8
Pelvic unbranched ray length	23.8	21.7–29.2	26.2	1.5
Caudal-peduncle length	31.0	28.9–36.4	32.2	1.5
Caudal-peduncle depth	11.6	9.6–13.0	11.4	0.7
Percents of head length
Cleithral width	102.2	85.2–106.2	96.5	3.1
Head depth	58.9	47.7–65.5	55.4	3.9
Snout length	69.9	58.5–69.9	64.4	2.0
Orbital diameter	17.9	15.1–24.4	20.0	2.3
Interorbital width	35.8	30.4–38.7	34.8	1.9
Dentary width	19.5	16.6–27.5	20.6	2.5
Other percents
Orbital diameter/snout length	25.6	23.8–40.6	31.1	4.0
Orbital diameter/interorbital distance	50.0	43.5–74.8	57.8	8.3
Dentary width/interorbital distance	54.5	47.9–79.4	59.4	7.6
Dorsal-fin spine length/predorsal length	76.9	64.3–91.6	74.4	5.3
Lower umbranched caudal-fin ray/predorsal length	73.0	69.4–99.1	81.6	6.7
Adipose-spine length/caudal-peduncle depth	77.9	23.5–95.3	82.6	9.0
Caudal-peduncle depth/caudal-peduncle length	37.6	28.0–42.3	35.4	3.0
Dentary width/cleithral width	19.1	17.0–28.2	21.4	2.5
Interdorsal length/dorsal-fin base length	63.8	40.3–89.6	67.6	8.6
Lower lip width/lower lip length	28.0	16.1–37.4	24.6	4.3
Counts	Holotype	Range	Mean	Mode
Median plate series	26	24–28	26	26
Pre-dorsal plates	3	3–4	3	3
Plates bordering supraoccipital	1	1–3	1	1
Dorsal plates below dorsal-fin base	8	7–10	8	8
Plates between dorsal and adipose fin	6	4–8	5	5
Plates between adipose and caudal fin	3	3–5	4	4
Plates between end of anal-fin base and caudal fin	13	11–14	13	14
Premaxillary teeth	39	18–55	36	45
Dentary teeth	29	21–51	38	41

TABLE 3 | Counts and morphometric data of Hypostomus robertsoni. SD, standard deviation. Range includes the holotype and 68 paratypes.

	Holotype	Range	Mean	SD
Standard length (mm)	127.9	82.8–135.7	103.6	–
Percents of standard length	Holotype	Range	Mean	Mode
Predorsal length	41.0	38.0–42.5	40.6	1.0
Head length	32.5	29.7–40.9	32.5	1.4
Cleithral width	31.9	21.9–33.2	30.9	1.3
Head depth	17.0	13.9–19.6	16.5	1.0
Interdorsal length	16.8	15.7–23.7	18.3	1.5
Thoracic length	21.7	19.5–30.4	23.0	1.8
Abdominal length	22.8	21.3–25.3	23.8	0.8
Dorsal-fin spine length	28.8	23.4–33.9	29.6	1.8
Pectoral-fin spine length	31.3	23.0–34.1	30.0	1.9
Pelvic unbranched ray length	28.7	22.6–32.1	26.0	1.4
Caudal-peduncle length	30.5	28.7–34.4	31.1	1.1
Caudal-peduncle depth	10.8	9.7–12.5	10.8	0.5
Percents of head length	Holotype	Range	Mean	Mode
Cleithral width	98.1	67.3–103.1	95.3	4.8
Head depth	52.2	39.6–60.8	51.0	3.4
Snout length	64.4	49.1–69.1	62.8	2.6
Orbital diameter	18.7	17.0–23.6	21.3	1.3
Interorbital width	32.2	23.2–35.2	31.4	1.8
Dentary width	20.4	14.7–23.2	19.7	1.6
Other percents	Holotype	Range	Mean	Mode
Orbital diameter/snout length	29.0	28.3–40.1	33.6	2.6
Orbital diameter/interorbital distance	58.0	56.7–83.9	67.3	5.6
Dentary width/interorbital distance	63.6	48.9–75.2	62.8	5.4
Dorsal-fin spine length/predorsal length	70.2	54.9–82.6	72.7	4.4
Lower umbranched caudal-fin ray/predorsal length	76.9	65.9–86.9	76.2	4.2
Adipose-spine length/caudal-peduncle depth	91.0	53.6–99.9	79.8	8.7
Caudal-peduncle depth/caudal-peduncle length	35.3	30.2–41.2	34.8	2.1
Dentary width/cleithral width	20.8	16.1–29.7	20.7	1.9
Interdorsal length/dorsal-fin base length	66.7	59.9–93.8	72.6	7.2
Lower lip width/lower lip length	22.2	14.9–31.3	23.5	2.8
Counts	Holotype	Range	Mean	Mode
Median plate series	26	25–28	26	26
Pre-dorsal plates	4	3–4	3	3
Plates bordering supraoccipital	1	1–3	1	1
Dorsal plates below dorsal-fin base	8	7–9	8	8
Plates between dorsal and adipose fin	6	4–7	6	6
Plates between adipose and caudal fin	4	3–5	4	4
Plates between end of anal-fin base and caudal fin	14	12–15	13	13
Premaxillary teeth	33	20–40	30	35
Dentary teeth	35	22–44	30	35

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Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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[1] Edited-by

Hernán López-Fernández