Vase life and biochemical parameters of rose cv. Avalanche are affected by foliar application of sodium nitroprusside and putrescine

Abdi, Roghayeh; Jabbarzadeh, Zohreh

doi:10.1590/2447-536X.v29i3.2587

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Scientific Article • Ornam. Hortic. 29 (3) • Jul-Sep 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v29i3.2587 copy

Vase life and biochemical parameters of rose cv. Avalanche are affected by foliar application of sodium nitroprusside and putrescine

Vida de vaso e parâmetros bioquímicos de rosa cv. Avalanche são afetados pela aplicação foliar de nitroprussiato de sódio e putrescina

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The effects of foliar spraying of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and putrescine (Put) on rose cv. Avalanche were investigated. This experiment was conducted in a factorial trial with two factors, including SNP at four levels of 0, 50, 100 and 200 μM and putrescine at four concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 4 mM with three replications in hydroponic conditions in the greenhouse. Some of the recorded traits included the number of leaves plant^-1, leaf area, fresh and dry leaf weight, as well as determination of soluble sugars, and total protein. Also, in the post-harvest stage, the recoded traits included malondialdehyde (MDA) content, relative fresh weight, and vase life. SNP at a concentration of 100 μM was found to improve morphological traits including fresh and dry weight of leaf (4.3 and 1.4 g, respectively) compared to the control. It also increased total protein (0.85 mg g^-1 FW), decreased postharvest MDA content (0.32 µM g^-1 FW), and increased vase life (23.66 days) at 100 μM level, and increased leaf area (7671 mm²) and flower relative fresh weight (27.65%) at 200 μM level. Among different rates of putrescine, 4 mM putrescine was associated with higher leaf area (8056.7 mm²), fresh and dry leaf weight (4.3 and 1.3 g, respectively), soluble sugars (4.63 mg g^-1 FW), lower post-harvest MDA content (0.32 µM g^-1 FW), and increased duration of vase life (26 days). In general, SNP and putrescine improved rose growth parameters and post-harvest traits.

Keywords:
malondialdehyde; nitric oxide; polyamine; postharvest; Rosa hybrida; soluble sugars

EC (× 10⁶)	pH	CO₃^-2	HCO₃^-	Cl^-	SO₄^-2	Total anions	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Na⁺	Total cations	Total hardiness (CaCO₃ based)
682	7.3	0	2.56	0.24	-	2.8	4.8	1.52	0.16	6.48	308.552

Potassium Nitrate	Ammonium Nitrate	Calcium Nitrate	Iron- EDDHA
62.5	6.625	490.625	20.5

Sodium Molybdate	Sodium Borate	Zinc sulfate	Copper sulfate	Manganese sulfate	Mono Potassium phosphate	Magnesium Nitrate	Magnesium Sulfat	Potassium Nitrate
0.26	0.48	1.18	0.87	1.68	138.75	36.25	231.25	167.5

Sodium nitroprusside	putrescine	Leaf aera (mm²)	Leaf number	Fresh Weigth of leaf (g)	Dry Weigth of leaf (g)	Soluble sugar (mg g^–1 FW)	Total protein (mg g^–1 FW)	Vase life (day)
Control	Control	5261.7^f	16^cde	3.1^cd	0.86^c-f	1.87^d	0.63^bc	16.33^c
	Put 1 mM	6844.7^a-f	18.62^bc	3.2^bcd	1.1^bcd	2.45^cd	0.69^abc	21^abc
	Put 2 mM	6260.3^a-f	18.66^bc	3.6^b	1.2^ab	3.26^a-d	0.57^c	21.66^abc
	Put 4 mM	8056.7^a	17.33^bcd	3.1^cd	0.76^ef	4.63^a	0.71^abc	20.66^abc
SNP 50 μM	Control	6115.7^def	15^cde	2.7^de	0.94^b-e	2.43^cd	0.61^bc	22.33^ab
	Put 1 mM	5663.3^ef	17^bcd	2.4^e	0.74^ef	2.74^bc	0.6^bc	21^abc
	Put 2 mM	6868.7^a-e	12^e	3.4^bc	1.1^abc	2.82^bcd	0.58^c	22^abc
	Put 4 mM	7658.3^ab	13^de	3.2^bc	0.87^cef	4.19^ab	0.75^abc	26^a
SNP100 μM	Control	6432.3^b-f	19.66^bc	2.4^e	0.74^ef	2.2^cd	0.70^abc	23.66^ab
	Put 1 mM	5931.7^def	21.33^ab	2.5^e	0.72^ef	2.54^cd	0.72^abc	25.33^ab
	Put 2 mM	7670.7^ab	21.66^ab	3.3^bc	1.1^abc	2.44^cd	0.85^a	19.66^bc
	Put4 mM	7587.7^abc	21.66^ab	4.3^a	1.4^a	3.19^a-d	0.63^bc	20.33^abc
SNP 200 μM	Control	5647.3^ef	25^a	2.5^e	0.81^def	2.64^bc	0.8^ab	20^bc
	Put 1 mM	5868^def	19^bc	2.4^e	0.59^f	2.57^cd	0.86^a	23.33^ab
	Put 2 mM	7196^a-d	18.66^bc	3.2^bcd	1^bcde	3.6^abc	0.69^a-d	22^abc
	Put 4 mM	7671^ab	17^bcd	3.4^bc	0.8^def	2.41^cd	0.76^abc	22^abc

Malondialdehyde (µM/g.FW)
	SNP 0				SNP 50				SNP 100				SNP 200
	Put 0	Put 1	Put 2	Put 4	Put 0	Put 1	PPut 2	Put 4	Put 0	Put 1	Put 2	Put 4	Put 0	Put 1	Put 2	Put 4
T0	00.49 ^r-y	00.77^k-q	00.32^y	00.45 ^t-y	0.49 ^r-y	0.32 ^y	0.41^v-	0.34^x,y	0.43 ^u-y	0.45 ^t-y	0.47^s-y	0.32 ^y	0.34^x,y	0.52^q-y	0.32^y	0.36^w-y
T4	00.95^h-l	00.87 ^j-m	00.65^x-v	00.7 ^l-t	0.46 ^s-y	0.62^m-w	0.79^k-q	0.7 ^l-t	0.55 ^o-y	0.74 ^l-q	0.83 ^j-n	0.76 ^k-r	0.71^l-s	0.59^n-x	0.67^m-v	0.7 ^l-t
T8	10.07 ^f-j	10.01 ^f-k	10.26^d-f	00.76^k-q	0.52^p-v	0.59 ^n-x	0.85 ^j-n	0.72 ^l-s	0.62 ^m-w	0.79^k-o	0.72 ^l-s	1.13 ^e-l	1.23^d-g	0.95^i-l	0.72 ^l-s	0.63^l-u
T12	10.47 ^cd	10.24^d-g	10.46 ^cd	00.75^k-r	0.88 ^j-m	1.15 ^e-i	1.36^c-e	1 ^g-k	1.15 ^e-i	1.72^b	1.55^bc	1.33 ^de	2.53^a	1.71^b	1.72^b	1.2 ^e-h

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[1] * Corresponding Author: z.jabbarzadeh@urmia.ac.ir