The Issue of Delimitation
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There are conflicting and complex definitions of the term as well as its delimitations. By encompassing different activities, with different intensities and forms of sharing, can generate confusion and questioning. |
Bardhi & Eckhardt (2015)Bardhi, F., Eckhardt, G. (2015, January 28th). The sharing economy isn’t about sharing at all. Harvard Business Review . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3fCSI39 https://bit.ly/3fCSI39...
; Vasques (2015)Vasques, R. A. (2015). Design, posse e uso compartilhado: Reflexões e práticas (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.; Chandler (2016)Chandler, A. (2016, May 27th). What should the “sharing economy” really be called? The Atlantic . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3uA2ass https://bit.ly/3uA2ass...
; Price & Belk (2016)Price, L. L., Belk, R. W. (2016). Consumer ownership and sharing: Introduction to the issue. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research , 1 (2), 193-197. doi:10.1086/686270 https://doi.org/10.1086/686270...
; Parente et al. (2018)Parente, R. C., Geleilate, J.M. G., & Rong, K. (2018). The sharing economy globalization phenomenon: A research agenda. Journal of International Management , 24 (1), 52-64. doi:10.1016/j.intman.2017.10.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2017.10...
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Are the existing boundaries capable of explaining the phenomenon of the sharing economy? How to align concepts and proposals in favor of studies in the research field? |
Economic Dilemma
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Controversies arise regarding the way that market relations manifest over sharing transactions. Would these practices break the barriers of distribution and wealth, as opposed to the traditional economic system? |
Haigh & Hoffman (2012)Haigh, N., Hoffman, A. (2012). Hybrid organizations: The next chapter in sustainable business. Organizational Dynamics , 41 (2), 126-134. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3cbtBlZ https://bit.ly/3cbtBlZ...
; Bernholz et al. (2013)Bernholz, L., Cordelli, C., Reich, R. (2013). The emergence of digital civil society. Stanford: Stanford PACS, Center on Philantropy and Civil Society. Retrieved from https://stanford.io/34zC66j https://stanford.io/34zC66j...
; Belk (2013)Belk, R. (2013). You are what you can access: Sharing and collaborative consumption online. Journal of Business Research , 67 (8), 1595-1600. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.10.001; Rifkin (2014)Rifkin, J. (2014). The zero marginal cost society: The internet of things, the collaborative commons, and the eclipse of capitalism . New York: Palgrave Macmillan.; Abramovay (2014)Abramovay, R. (2014). A economia híbrida do século XXI. In E. Costa, G. Agustini (Orgs.), De baixo para cima (pp. 104-131). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Aeroplano.; Bardhi and Eckhardt (2015)Bardhi, F., Eckhardt, G. (2015, January 28th). The sharing economy isn’t about sharing at all. Harvard Business Review . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3fCSI39 https://bit.ly/3fCSI39...
; Baker & Baker (2016)Baker, S. M., Baker, C. N. (2016). The bounce in our steps from shared material resources in cultural trauma and recovery. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research , 1 (2). doi:10.1086/685690 https://doi.org/10.1086/685690...
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How can the sharing economy contribute to reducing inequalities? To what extent does it act in this direction today? |
Dilemma of Sustainability
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The problem of scale in product sharing: expanding the use of the product can speed up its replacement. The growth of the sharing market instigates the purchase of new products with a growth of generating profit with its sharing. |
Tonkinwise (2014)Tonkinwise, C. (2014, August 7th). Design’s (Dis)Orders: Transition design as postindustrial design (draft). Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3pbJjD9 https://bit.ly/3pbJjD9...
; Abramovay (2014)Abramovay, R. (2014). A economia híbrida do século XXI. In E. Costa, G. Agustini (Orgs.), De baixo para cima (pp. 104-131). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Aeroplano.; Costa (2014)Costa, R. B. (2014). Entre resistências e dádivas: Reflexões sobre o consumo colaborativo. Cambiassu , 19 (14), 237-252. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3uDteqD https://bit.ly/3uDteqD...
; Vasques (2015)Vasques, R. A. (2015). Design, posse e uso compartilhado: Reflexões e práticas (Doctoral dissertation). Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.; Zervas et al. (2017)Zervas, G., Proserpio, D., Byers, J. W. (2017). The rise of the sharing economy: Estimating the impact of airbnb on the hotel industry. Journal of Marketing Research , 54 (5), 687-705. doi:10.1509/jmr.15.0204 https://doi.org/10.1509/jmr.15.0204...
; Rong et. al. (2018). |
What are the environmental impacts caused by the actions of the sharing economy? How could it advance more sustainable models, structures and types of business? |
Social Dilemma
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The new contract work transfers the risks to the workers, which eliminates the minimum labor rights. Would sharing be equity or a form of labor exploitation? Is it a practice that can make legal work precarious and generate unfair competition? Does this flexibility lead to overwork, at any time, in exchange for a minimum payment? The system would just broaden the excesses of the hegemonic economic model. |
Sundararajan (2013)Sundararajan, A. (2013, January 3rd). From Zipcar to the sharing economy. Harvard Business Review . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3i9e1Ln https://bit.ly/3i9e1Ln...
; Abramovay (2014)Abramovay, R. (2014). A economia híbrida do século XXI. In E. Costa, G. Agustini (Orgs.), De baixo para cima (pp. 104-131). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Aeroplano.; Fontenelle (2014)Fontenelle, I. A. (2014). O estatuto do consumo na compreensão da lógica e das mutações do capitalismo. Lua Nova , 92 , 207-240. doi:10.1590/S0102-64452014000200008; Schor (2014)Schor, J. (2014, October). Debating the sharing economy. A Great Transition Initiative Essay. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3p92zB7 https://bit.ly/3p92zB7...
; Bardhi & Eckhardt, (2015)Bardhi, F., Eckhardt, G. (2015, January 28th). The sharing economy isn’t about sharing at all. Harvard Business Review . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3fCSI39 https://bit.ly/3fCSI39...
; Molesworth et al. (2016)Molesworth, M., Watkins, R., Denegri-Knott, J. (2016). Possession work on hosted digital consumption objects as consumer ensnarement. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research , 1 (2), 246-261. doi:10.1086/685474 https://doi.org/10.1086/685474...
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How could the sharing economy advance the inclusion of people in the world of work? How would the sharing economy surpass exploitative ways of working to expand possibilities for a more just society? |
The Dilemmas of Access and Excess
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What to do when the access becomes limited and sharing can bring some kind of burden to whomever owns the good? Instead of questioning consumption practice, the shared economy can reinforce it. The current sharing involves excess, sharing by the ones that have things to be shared, sharing by the ones who opt for it and choose what to share. Another issue is the lack of access to information from global sharing companies. |
Sastre & Ikeda (2012)Sastre, P. T. N., Ikeda, A. A. (2012). Reflexões sobre consumo colaborativo . Issue presented at 36th Encontro da ANPAD. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3fDwMFi https://bit.ly/3fDwMFi...
; Bardhi & Eckhard (2012a); Roose (2014)Roose, K. (2014, April 24th). The sharing economy isn’t about trust, it’s about desperation. New York . Retrieved from https://nym.ag/3pdztAG https://nym.ag/3pdztAG...
; Bardhi & Eckhardt (2015)Bardhi, F., Eckhardt, G. (2015, January 28th). The sharing economy isn’t about sharing at all. Harvard Business Review . Retrieved from https://bit.ly/3fCSI39 https://bit.ly/3fCSI39...
; Sacks (2015). |
How to escape the logic of excess in favor of a new way of producing, consuming and living? How could the sharing economy contribute to expanding people's access to ensure a better quality of life? |