Bioatividade de extratos de Piper sobre Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera:
                  Gelechiidae) em tomateiro

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a bioatividade de extratos etanólicos de folhas de quatro espécies do gênero Piper sobre a traça-do-tomateiro Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), em condições de laboratório. As espécies avaliadas foram: P. amalago var. medium, P. glabratum, P. mikanianum e P. mollicomum. Na triagem inicial (concentração do extrato de 2.000 mg L^-1), todos os extratos testados causaram significativa mortalidade larval, principalmente o extrato de P. amalago var. medium; entretanto, nenhum extrato ocasionou redução do peso das lagartas sobreviventes. O extrato de P. amalago var. medium na concentração de 1.011 mg L^-1 promoveu alongamento significativo da fase larval e pupal. O extrato etanólico de folhas de P. amalago var. medium é promissor no controle de lagartas de T. absoluta em tomateiro, pois exibe toxicidade aguda a lagartas na concentração de 2.000 mg L^-1 e afeta o desenvolvimento do inseto, ao reduzir a sua sobrevivência e alongar as fases larval e pupal.

Piper amalago var. medium ; extratos botânicos; piperamidas; traça-do-tomateiro.

Autoria

Elaine Ferrari de Brito

Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Campus de Botucatu, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, no 1.780, CEP 18610-307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. E-mail: elaine.ferrari@fca.unesp.br, elbaldin@fca.unesp.br, roneykk@hotmail.comUniversidade Estadual PaulistaBrazilBotucatu, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Campus de Botucatu, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, no 1.780, CEP 18610-307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. E-mail: elaine.ferrari@fca.unesp.br, elbaldin@fca.unesp.br, roneykk@hotmail.com

Edson Luiz Lopes Baldin

Roney de Carvalho Macedo Silva

Leandro do Prado Ribeiro

Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Centro de Pesquisa para Agricultura Familiar, Rua Servidão Ferdinando Tusset, s/no, São Cristóvão, CEP 89801-970 Chapecó, SC, Brazil. E-mail: leandroribeiro@epagri.sc.gov.brEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa CatarinaBrazilChapecó, SC, BrazilEmpresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Extensão Rural de Santa Catarina, Centro de Pesquisa para Agricultura Familiar, Rua Servidão Ferdinando Tusset, s/no, São Cristóvão, CEP 89801-970 Chapecó, SC, Brazil. E-mail: leandroribeiro@epagri.sc.gov.br

José Djair Vendramim

Universidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Avenida Pádua Dias, no 11, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. E-mail: jdvendra@usp.brUniversidade de São PauloBrazilPiracicaba, SP, BrazilUniversidade de São Paulo, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Avenida Pádua Dias, no 11, CEP 13418-900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. E-mail: jdvendra@usp.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Tabelas

Tabelas (4)

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Table 1:
Means±standard error of Tuta absoluta larval weight and mortality after six days of exposure to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaflets treated with ethanolic leaf extracts from different Piperaceae species, at the concentration of 2,000 mg L^-1(1).

Thumbnail

Table 2:
Estimate of the concentrations (mg L^-1) necessary to cause 50 and 90% mortality (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀, respectively), as well as the confidence interval (CI) of the ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium against Tuta absoluta at different exposure times.

Thumbnail

Table 3:
Means±standard error of duration of the larval stage and of mortality of Tuta absoluta exposed to ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium at the previously-estimated concentration of 1,011 mg L^-1, necessary to cause 50% mortality (LC₅₀).

Thumbnail

Table 4:
Means±standard error of larval weight, mortality, and duration of pupal stage, as well as the sex ratio of emerged adults of Tuta absoluta exposed to ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium at the previously-estimated concentration of 1,011 mg L^-1, necessary to cause 50% mortality (LC₅₀).

Table 1: Means±standard error of Tuta absoluta larval weight and mortality after six days of exposure to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaflets treated with ethanolic leaf extracts from different Piperaceae species, at the concentration of 2,000 mg L^-1(1).

⁽¹⁾
Means followed by different letters, in the columns, differ significantly among treatments according to the general linear model with quasi-binomial distribution, followed by Tukey's post hoc test, at 5% probability.
^ns
Nonsignificant. Temperature, 25±2°C; relative humidity, 60±10%; and photophase, 14 hours.

Table 2: Estimate of the concentrations (mg L^-1) necessary to cause 50 and 90% mortality (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀, respectively), as well as the confidence interval (CI) of the ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium against Tuta absoluta at different exposure times.

⁽¹⁾
n, number of insects tested.
⁽²⁾
χ², Pearson's chi-square value.
⁽³⁾
h, heterogeneity factor. Temperature, 25±2°C; relative humidity, 60±10%; and photophase, 14 hours.
^**
Significant at 1% of probability.

Table 3: Means±standard error of duration of the larval stage and of mortality of Tuta absoluta exposed to ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium at the previously-estimated concentration of 1,011 mg L^-1, necessary to cause 50% mortality (LC₅₀).

⁽¹⁾
Means followed by different letters, in the column, differ significantly among treatments by the general linear model (GLM) with Gaussian distribution, followed by Tukey's post hoc test, at 5% probability.
⁽²⁾
Means followed by different letters, in the column, differ significantly among treatments by the GLM with quasi-binomial distribution, followed by Tukey's post hoc test, at 5% probability.
^ns
Nonsignificant. Temperature, 25±2°C; relative humidity, 60±10%; and photophase, 14 hours.

Table 4: Means±standard error of larval weight, mortality, and duration of pupal stage, as well as the sex ratio of emerged adults of Tuta absoluta exposed to ethanolic leaf extract from Piper amalago var. medium at the previously-estimated concentration of 1,011 mg L^-1, necessary to cause 50% mortality (LC₅₀).

⁽¹⁾
No significant differences by the general linear model (GLM) with Gaussian distribution, at 5% probability.
⁽²⁾
No significant differences by the GLM with a quasi-binomial distribution, at 5% probability.
⁽³⁾
Means followed by different letters, in the column, do not differ significantly by the GLM with Gaussian distribution, followed by Tukey's post hoc test, at 5% probability.
⁽⁴⁾
No significant differences by the GLM with a binomial distribution, at 5% probability.
^ns
Nonsignificant. Temperature, 25±2°C; relative humidity, 60±10%; and photophase, 14 hours.

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Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira Caixa Postal 040315, 70770-901 Brasília DF Brazil, Tel. +55 61 3448-1813, Fax +55 61 3340-5483 - Brasília - DF - Brazil
E-mail: pab@embrapa.br

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Bioatividade de extratos de Piper sobre Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) em tomateiro

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[TFN01] ⁽¹⁾
Means followed by different letters, in the columns, differ significantly among treatments according to the general linear model with quasi-binomial distribution, followed by Tukey's post hoc test, at 5% probability.

[TFN02] ^ns
Nonsignificant. Temperature, 25±2°C; relative humidity, 60±10%; and photophase, 14 hours.