Período de coleta e ácido indolbutírico no enraizamento de estacas de plantas adultas de nogueira-pecã

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do período de coleta e da aplicação exógena de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de estacas de plantas adultas de nogueira-pecã (Carya illinoinensis). O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação com irrigação por nebulização intermitente, de dezembro de 2017 a outubro de 2018. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4x5, com quatro períodos de coleta (primavera, verão, outono e inverno) e cinco concentrações de AIB (0, 2.000, 4.000, 6.000 e 8.000 mg L^-1). Para as estacas coletadas durante o verão e o outono, observou-se relação linear entre o enraizamento e o aumento da concentração de AIB. Os melhores resultados para enraizamento, formação de calo, número médio de raízes, comprimento médio de raízes, e massa seca e fresca de raízes são obtidos para as estacas coletadas durante o verão, com a aplicação de 8.000 mg L^-1 de AIB na base de cada estaca, em sistema de irrigação por nebulização. O enraizamento de estacas de plantas adultas de nogueira-pecã com a aplicação de AIB é possível, sendo um método de propagação alternativo para a espécie.

Termos para indexação:
Carya illinoinensis; calo; propagação clonal

Autoria

Márcio Alberto Hilgert ^**Corresponding author: marcioahilgert@yahoo.com.br

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Agronomia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no 7.712, Agronomia, CEP 91540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: marcioahilgert@yahoo.com.br, desa_larissa@hotmail.com, pvdsouza@ufrgs.brUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBrazilPorto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Agronomia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, no 7.712, Agronomia, CEP 91540-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. E-mail: marcioahilgert@yahoo.com.br, desa_larissa@hotmail.com, pvdsouza@ufrgs.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-7758

Larissa Campos de Sá

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6882-3298

Marília Lazarotto

Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Benjamin Constant, no 989, Porto, CEP 96010-020 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. E-mail: marilia.lazarotto@ufpel.edu.brUniversidade Federal de PelotasBrazilPelotas, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Benjamin Constant, no 989, Porto, CEP 96010-020 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. E-mail: marilia.lazarotto@ufpel.edu.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-6120

Paulo Vitor Dutra de Souza

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2900-3638

Carlos Roberto Martins

Embrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR-392, Km 78, 9º Distrito, Monte Bonito, Caixa Postal 403, CEP 96010-971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. E-mail: carlos.r.martins@embrapa.brEmbrapa Clima TemperadoBrazilPelotas, RS, BrazilEmbrapa Clima Temperado, Rodovia BR-392, Km 78, 9º Distrito, Monte Bonito, Caixa Postal 403, CEP 96010-971 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. E-mail: carlos.r.martins@embrapa.br

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8833-1629

*Corresponding author: marcioahilgert@yahoo.com.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (5)
Tabelas (2)

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Figure 1.
Average temperature and relative humidity inside the greenhouse with intermittent mist spraying from December 2017 to October 2018, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

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Figure 2
Callus formation (A) and rooting (B) of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

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Figure 3
Average number of roots (A) and average root length (B) of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

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Figure 4
Rooting of cuttings of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) adult plants during summer after the application of 2,000 mg L^-1 (A), 4,000 mg L^-1 (B), 6,000 mg L^-1 (C), and 8,000 mg L^-1 (D) indolebutyric acid (IBA)

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Figure 5
Average fresh (A) and dry (B) mass of roots of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent spray irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

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Table 1.
Approximate age of cuttings (AC) after sprouting (days after drastic pruning) and dates of the installation of the experiment and of the evaluation of the cuttings collected from 38-year-old pecan (Carya illinoinensis) adult plants at different seasons of the year and treated with indolebutyric acid.

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Table 2.
Survival, leaf retention, and sprouting of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants, 60 days after being cut, collected at different seasons of the year in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil⁽¹⁾.

Figure 1. Average temperature and relative humidity inside the greenhouse with intermittent mist spraying from December 2017 to October 2018, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Figure 2 Callus formation (A) and rooting (B) of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

Figure 3 Average number of roots (A) and average root length (B) of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent mist irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

Figure 4 Rooting of cuttings of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) adult plants during summer after the application of 2,000 mg L^-1 (A), 4,000 mg L^-1 (B), 6,000 mg L^-1 (C), and 8,000 mg L^-1 (D) indolebutyric acid (IBA)

Figure 5 Average fresh (A) and dry (B) mass of roots of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants subjected to different indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentrations and collected at different seasons of the year, when kept in a greenhouse with intermittent spray irrigation, in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. *Significant at 1% probability.

Table 1. Approximate age of cuttings (AC) after sprouting (days after drastic pruning) and dates of the installation of the experiment and of the evaluation of the cuttings collected from 38-year-old pecan (Carya illinoinensis) adult plants at different seasons of the year and treated with indolebutyric acid.

Variable	Collection period / Type of cuttings
Variable	Spring / Herbaceous	Summer / Semi woody	Autumn / Semi woody	Winter / Woody
AC (days)	40	90	140	270
Installation date	12/13/2017	02/01/2018	03/23/2018	08/01/2018
Evaluation date	02/11/2018	04/02/2018	05/22/2018	10/02/2018

Table 2. Survival, leaf retention, and sprouting of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) cuttings from adult plants, 60 days after being cut, collected at different seasons of the year in the municipality of Porto Alegre, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil⁽¹⁾.

Collection period	Survival (%)	Leaf retention (%)	Sprouting (%)
Spring	18.5c	16.5b	16.0c
Summer	73.5b	61.5a	47.0b
Autumn	66.5b	57.5a	40.5b
Winter	95.0a	-	85.0a
CV (%)	11.25	7.29	11.48

⁽¹⁾Means followed by equal letters, in the columns, do not differ by Tukey’s test, at 5% probability. CV, coefficient of variation.

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