Physical-hydraulic soil attributes in an integrated production system with different “paricá” forest component arrangements

The objective of this work was to compare the structural quality and water retention curve of a Haplustox under single, double, and triple “paricá” (Ochroma pyramidale) lines in an integrated production system at 50 months of implantation. Soil was collected from five sampling points considering the distances from the tree lines. Undisturbed samples were collected from the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers in order to assess porosity, density, soil penetration resistance, soil water retention curve, and the “S” index. The forest arrangement based on three paricá lines promoted better soil physical conditions than the system using single lines. The main changes were recorded in the 0.10-0.20-m layer, with increased microporosity and decreased cryptoporosity and resistance to penetration. The arrangements using single and double paricá lines result in higher volume of available water and greater soil compaction.

Index terms:
Ochroma pyramidale; ICLF; physical quality of the soil; retention curve; water in the soil

Authorship

Wellington de Azambuja Magalhães

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Avenida Alexandre Ferronato, no 1.200, Setor Industrial, CEP 78557-267 Sinop, MT, Brazil. E-mail: wellingtonagro@gmail.com, onafreddi@ufmt.br, paranalange@hotmail.com, matheus_2525@hotmail.comUniversidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrazilSinop, MT, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Avenida Alexandre Ferronato, no 1.200, Setor Industrial, CEP 78557-267 Sinop, MT, Brazil. E-mail: wellingtonagro@gmail.com, onafreddi@ufmt.br, paranalange@hotmail.com, matheus_2525@hotmail.com

Onã da Silva Freddi

Anderson Lange

Flávio Jesus Wruck

Embrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Rodovia MT-222, Km 2,5, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 343, CEP 78550-970 Sinop, MT, Brazil. E-mail: flavio.wruck@embrapa.brEmbrapa AgrossilvipastorilBrazilSinop, MT, BrazilEmbrapa Agrossilvipastoril, Rodovia MT-222, Km 2,5, Zona Rural, Caixa Postal 343, CEP 78550-970 Sinop, MT, Brazil. E-mail: flavio.wruck@embrapa.br

Wininton Mendes da Silva

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, no 2.367, Boa esperança CEP 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. E-mail: winintonmendes@gmail.comUniversidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrazilCuiabá, MT, BrazilUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Avenida Fernando Corrêa da Costa, no 2.367, Boa esperança CEP 78060-900 Cuiabá, MT, Brazil. E-mail: winintonmendes@gmail.com

Matheus Bortolanza Soares

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Formulas

Figures (6)
Formulas (3)

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Figure 1.
Macropores, micropores, and cryptopores in the 0.00-0.10 (A) and 0.10-0.20-m layers (B) under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production systems. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

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Figure 2.
Soil density and soil penetration resistance in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

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Figure 3.
Field capacity (FC), permanent wilting point (PWP), and available water (AW) in the 0.00-0.10 (A) and 0.10-0.20-m layers (B) under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

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Figure 4.
Soil water retention curve in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side.

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Figure 5.
Area under the retention curve (AUC) in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

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Figure 6.
S index in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.00-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

Thumbnail

Figure 1. Macropores, micropores, and cryptopores in the 0.00-0.10 (A) and 0.10-0.20-m layers (B) under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production systems. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

Figure 2. Soil density and soil penetration resistance in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

Figure 3. Field capacity (FC), permanent wilting point (PWP), and available water (AW) in the 0.00-0.10 (A) and 0.10-0.20-m layers (B) under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

Figure 4. Soil water retention curve in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side.

Figure 5. Area under the retention curve (AUC) in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

Figure 6. S index in the 0.00-0.10 and 0.00-0.20-m layers under forest component arrangements with paricá (Ochroma pyramidale) and at five sampling points in an integrated production system. Paricá I, planted in single line; Paricá II, in double line; and Paricá III, in triple line. Distances from the tree lines: 10S, 10 m from the southern side; 5S, 5 m from the southern side; 0, on the central line under the tree canopy; 5N, 5 m from the northern side; and 10N, 10 m from the northern side. Bars represent the confidence interval of the means. Means followed by equal letters do not differ by the bootstrap test, at 5% probability.

θ = θ r + [(θ s - θ r) / {(1 + (α \times Ψ m))}^{n}] 1 - 1 / n

A U C = \sum_{k = 1}^{n} (θ_{k} + θ_{k - 1} \div 2) \times Ψ j

| S | = - n (θ s - θ r) {[2 n - 1 / n - 1]}^{[1 / n - 2]}

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Physical-hydraulic soil attributes in an integrated production system with different “paricá” forest component arrangements

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