Integrated farm environmental management and biodiversity conservation: a case study in the caratinga biological station (Minas Gerais State, Brazil)

Pereira, Janaína Mendonça; Lino, Jane Siqueira; Buschinelli, Cláudio César de Almeida; Barros, Inácio de; Rodrigues, Geraldo Stachetti

doi:10.1590/S1983-40632010000400006

Abstracts

The Caratinga Biological Station (CBS) is an important preserve of the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, defined as a national priority for the conservation of this highly fragmented biome and shelter to the largest existing population of the northern muriqui, the critically threatened largest monkey species of the Americas. Extensive research on the demography of this population has indicated favorable conditions for growth, pointing out the importance of promoting expansion of the locally available habitat. In the present study, rural establishments neighboring the CBS were involved in a participatory program for wildlife corridor restoration, by means of the application of a 'System for Weighted Environmental Impact Assessment of Rural Activities' (APOIA-NovoRural), which consists of 62 indicators integrated in five sustainability dimensions: i) Landscape ecology; ii) Environmental quality; iii) Socio-cultural values; iv) Economic values; and v) Management and administration. Results regarding the Landscape ecology indicators (those most related with fauna protection) attested to the adequate performance of productive activities in the studied establishments, while pointed out the need for improvements in natural habitats conservation. The Environmental Management Reports issued to the farmers included mapped recommendations for forest restoration and wildlife corridors implementation, favoring the connection of the main preserved area of CBS with the second largest forest fragment in the region.

Environmental Impact Assessment; rural development; wildlife corridors; APOIA-NovoRural

A Estação Biológica de Caratinga é uma importante reserva da Mata Atlântica, prioridade nacional para conservação do bioma, por abrigar uma das maiores populações do muriquido-norte, a maior espécie de primatas criticamente ameaçada das Américas. Estudos sobre a demografia desta população indicam condições favoráveis a um rápido crescimento, enfatizando a importância de se promover a expansão dos habitats localmente disponíveis. No presente estudo, estabelecimentos rurais vizinhos à reserva foram envolvidos em um programa participativo de recomposição de corredores de fauna, via gestão ambiental, com o sistema APOIA-NovoRural, que consiste de 62 indicadores integrados, em cinco dimensões de sustentabilidade: i) Ecologia da paisagem; ii) Qualidade ambiental; iii) Valores socioculturais; iv) Valores econômicos; e v) Gestão e administração. Os resultados relativos aos indicadores de Ecologia da paisagem (aqueles mais relacionados com a proteção da biodiversidade) demonstraram um adequado desempenho ambiental para as atividades produtivas, nos estabelecimentos estudados, enquanto, por outro lado, apontaram necessidade de melhorias na conservação dos habitats naturais. Relatórios de Gestão Ambiental produzidos nas avaliações e oferecidos aos produtores envolvidos incluíram mapeamento de recomendações para recomposição florestal e implementação de corredores de fauna, favorecendo a conexão da área principal da reserva com o segundo maior fragmento florestal existente na região.

Avaliação de impacto ambiental; desenvolvimento rural; corredores de fauna; APOIA-NovoRural

DESENVOLVIMENTO RURAL E AGRONEGÓCIO

Integrated farm environmental management and biodiversity conservation: a case study in the caratinga biological station (Minas Gerais State, Brazil)

Gestão ambiental de estabelecimentos rurais e conservação da biodiversidade: um estudo de caso no entorno da estação biológica de Caratinga (MG)

Janaína Mendonça Pereira^I; Jane Siqueira Lino^II; Cláudio César de Almeida Buschinelli^II; Inácio de Barros^III; Geraldo Stachetti Rodrigues^IV

^IInstituto Estadual de Florestas (IEF), Regional Rio Doce, Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil. E-mail: janaina.pereira@meioambiente.mg.gov.br

^IIEmpresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Environmental Management Laboratory, Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil. E-mails: jane-lino@hotmail.com, buschi@cnpma.embrapa.br

^IIIInstitut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche Agropédoclimatique da la Zone Caraïbe, Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France. E-mail: indebarros@antilles.inra.fr

^IVEmbrapa Labex Europe, Technologies for the Sustainability of Agroecosystems, Montpellier, France. E-mail: stacheti@cnpma.embrapa.br

ABSTRACT

The Caratinga Biological Station (CBS) is an important preserve of the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, defined as a national priority for the conservation of this highly fragmented biome and shelter to the largest existing population of the northern muriqui, the critically threatened largest monkey species of the Americas. Extensive research on the demography of this population has indicated favorable conditions for growth, pointing out the importance of promoting expansion of the locally available habitat. In the present study, rural establishments neighboring the CBS were involved in a participatory program for wildlife corridor restoration, by means of the application of a 'System for Weighted Environmental Impact Assessment of Rural Activities' (APOIA-NovoRural), which consists of 62 indicators integrated in five sustainability dimensions: i) Landscape ecology; ii) Environmental quality; iii) Socio-cultural values; iv) Economic values; and v) Management and administration. Results regarding the Landscape ecology indicators (those most related with fauna protection) attested to the adequate performance of productive activities in the studied establishments, while pointed out the need for improvements in natural habitats conservation. The Environmental Management Reports issued to the farmers included mapped recommendations for forest restoration and wildlife corridors implementation, favoring the connection of the main preserved area of CBS with the second largest forest fragment in the region.

Key-Words: Environmental Impact Assessment; rural development; wildlife corridors; APOIA-NovoRural.

RESUMO

A Estação Biológica de Caratinga é uma importante reserva da Mata Atlântica, prioridade nacional para conservação do bioma, por abrigar uma das maiores populações do muriquido-norte, a maior espécie de primatas criticamente ameaçada das Américas. Estudos sobre a demografia desta população indicam condições favoráveis a um rápido crescimento, enfatizando a importância de se promover a expansão dos habitats localmente disponíveis. No presente estudo, estabelecimentos rurais vizinhos à reserva foram envolvidos em um programa participativo de recomposição de corredores de fauna, via gestão ambiental, com o sistema APOIA-NovoRural, que consiste de 62 indicadores integrados, em cinco dimensões de sustentabilidade: i) Ecologia da paisagem; ii) Qualidade ambiental; iii) Valores socioculturais; iv) Valores econômicos; e v) Gestão e administração. Os resultados relativos aos indicadores de Ecologia da paisagem (aqueles mais relacionados com a proteção da biodiversidade) demonstraram um adequado desempenho ambiental para as atividades produtivas, nos estabelecimentos estudados, enquanto, por outro lado, apontaram necessidade de melhorias na conservação dos habitats naturais. Relatórios de Gestão Ambiental produzidos nas avaliações e oferecidos aos produtores envolvidos incluíram mapeamento de recomendações para recomposição florestal e implementação de corredores de fauna, favorecendo a conexão da área principal da reserva com o segundo maior fragmento florestal existente na região.

Palavras-Chave: Avaliação de impacto ambiental; desenvolvimento rural; corredores de fauna; APOIA-NovoRural.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Trabalho recebido em jul./2009 e aceito para publicação em nov./2010 (nº registro: PAT 6730/ DOI: 10.5216/pat.v40i4.6730).

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Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
30 Sept 2014
Date of issue
Dec 2010

History

Received
July 2009
Accepted
Nov 2010

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

[1] BANDEIRA, A. L. Análise dos efeitos da política de erradicação de cafeeiros: Caratinga a Manhuaçu, Minas Gerais - 1969. Viçosa: UFV, 1970.

[2] BAYNE, E. M.; HOBSON, K. A. Comparing the effects of landscape fragmentation by forestry and agriculture on predation of artificial nests. Conservation Biology, Malden, v. 11, n. 6, p. 1418-1429, 1997.

[3] BISSET, R. Methods for environmental impact assessment: a selective survey with case studies. In: BISWAS, A. K.; GEPING, Q. (Eds.). Environmental impact assessment for developing countries London: Tycooly International, 1987. p. 3-64.

[4] BOSSHARD, A. A methodology and terminology of sustainability assessment and its perspectives for rural planning. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, Amsterdam, v. 77, n. 1-2, p. 29-41, 2000.

[5] BOUBLI, J. P. et al. Ecology and conservation of northern muriquis at the Estação Biológica de Caratinga (EBC), MG, Brazil. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, 19., 2005, Brasília. Proceedings.. Brasília, DF: UnB, 2005. p. 24.

[6] BRASIL. Instituto Brasileiro de Desenvolvimento Florestal. Código florestal Rio de Janeiro: IBDF, 1972.

[7] BRITO, D.; GRELLE, C. E. V. Estimating minimum area of suitable habitat and viable population size for the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus). Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 15, n. 5, p. 4197-4210, 2006.

[8] BRITO, D.; GRELLE, C. E. V.; BOUBLI, J. P. Is the Atlantic Forest protected area network efficient in maintaining viable populations of Brachyteles hypoxanthus? Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 17, n. 13, p. 3255-3268, 2008.

[9] BRUNER, A. G. et al. Effectiveness of parks in protecting tropical biodiversity. Science, Washington, v. 291, n. 5501, p. 125-128, 2001.

[10] CHIARELLO, A. G.; MELO, F. R. de. Primate population densities and sizes in Atlantic Forest remnants of northern Espírito Santo, Brazil. International Journal of Primatology, New York, v. 22, n. 3, p. 379-396, 2001.

[11] CLERGUE, B. et al. Biodiversity: function and assessment in agricultural areas: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Les Ulis, v. 25, n. 1, p. 1-15, 2005.

[12] CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL. Critically endangered primate protected from extinction 2001. Available at: <http://web.conservation.org/xp/news/press_releases/2001/092401b.xml>. Access on: 10 Oct. 2007.

[13] CROSSMAN, N. D. et al. Systematic landscape restoration in the rural-urban fringe: meeting conservation planning and policy goals. Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 16, n. 13, p. 3781-3802, 2007.

[14] CULLEN JÚNIOR, L. et al. Trampolins ecológicos e zonas de benefício múltiplo: ferramentas agroflorestais para a conservação das paisagens rurais fragmentadas na Floresta Atlântica Brasileira. Natureza & Conservação, Curitiba, v. 1, n. 1, p. 37-46, 2003.

[15] DAUGHERTY, H. E. Biodiversity conservation and rural sustainability: a case study of the Alexander Skutch Biological Corridor in Southern Costa Rica. Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Southampton, v. 81, n. 1, p. 155-161, 2005.

[16] DIAMOND, J. M. The island dilemma: lessons of modern biogeographic studies for the design of natural reserves. Biological Conservation, Amsterdam, v. 7, n. 2, p. 129-146, 1975.

[17] DONALD, P. F. Biodiversity impacts of some agricultural commodity production systems. Conservation Biology, Malden, v. 18, n. 1, p. 17-38, 2004.

[18] DONALD, P. F.; GREEN, R. E.; HEATH, M. F. Agricultural intensification and the collapse of Europe's farmland bird populations. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, London, v. 268, n. 1462, p. 25-29, 2001.

[19] DONALD, P. F.; EVANS, A. D. Habitat connectivity and matrix restoration: the wider implications of agrienvironment schemes. Journal of Applied Ecology, Oxford, v. 43, n. 2, p. 209-218, 2006.

[20] FAHRIG, L. Effects of habitat fragmentation on biodiversity. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, Palo Alto, v. 34, s/n, p. 487-515, 2003.

[21] FONSECA, M. T. da (Ed.). A RPPN Feliciano Miguel Abdala e os 20 anos da Estação Biológica de Caratinga Belo Horizonte: Conservation International do Brasil, 2003.

[22] HILTY, J. A. et al. Forecasting the effect of land-use change on native and non-native mammalian predator distributions. Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 15, n. 9, p. 2853-2871, 2006.

[23] HORSKINS, K.; MATHER, P. B.; WILSON, J. C. Corridors and connectivity: when use and function do not equate. Landscape Ecology, Dordrecht, v. 21, n. 5, p. 641-655, 2006.

[24] INSTITUTO ESTADUAL DE FLORESTAS. Programa Promata: projeto de proteção da Mata Atlântica de Minas Gerais. 2007. Available at: <http://www.redeambiente.org.br/promata.asp>. Access on: 30 Dec. 2008.

[25] LAURANCE, W. F. et al. Ecosystem decay of Amazonian forest fragments: a 22-year investigation. Conservation Biology, Malden, v. 16, n. 3, p. 605-618, 2002.

[26] LUCKETT, J. et al. Planted trees as corridors for primates at El Zota Biological Field Station, Costa Rica. Neotropical Primates, Arlington, v. 12, n. 3, p. 143-146, 2004.

[27] MACARTHUR, R. H.; WILSON, E. O. The theory of island biogeography Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967.

[28] MARTINI, A. M. Z. et al. A hot-point within a hot-spot: a high diversity site in Brazil's Atlantic Forest. Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 16, n. 11, p. 3111-3128, 2007.

[29] MARTINS, M. M. Density of primates in four semideciduous forest fragments of São Paulo, Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 14, n. 10, p. 2321-2329, 2005.

[30] MAY, R. M. Island biogeography and the design of wildlife preserves. Nature, London, v. 254, s/n, p. 177-178, 1975.

[31] MCNEELY, J. A.; SCHROTH, G. Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation: traditional practices, present dynamics, and lessons for the future. Biodiversity and Conservation, Heidelberg, v. 15, n. 2, p. 549-554, 2006.

[32] MITTERMEIER, R. A. et al. Primates in peril: the world's 25 most endangered primates, 2004-2006. Primate Conservation, Arlington, v. 20, n. 1, p. 1-28, 2006.

[33] MONTEIRO, R. C.; RODRIGUES, G. S. A system of integrated indicators for socio-environmental assessment and eco-certification in agriculture - Ambitec-Agro. Journal of Technology Management and Innovation, Santiago, v. 1, n. 3, p. 47-59, 2006.

[34] MYERS, N. et al. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature, London, v. 403, s/n, p. 853-858, 2000.

[35] NORRIS, K. Agriculture and biodiversity conservation: opportunity knocks. Conservation Letters, Oxford, v. 1, n. 1, p. 2-11, 2008.

[36] NOSS, R. F. Corridors in real landscapes: a reply to Simberloff and Cox. Conservation Biolology, Malden, v. 1, n. 2, p. 159-164, 1987.

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