Divergência genética e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de linhagens de mamoneira anã

Oliveira Neto, Sebastião Soares de; Ramos, Andréia Rodrigues; Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo da Silva; Silva, Edvaldo Aparecido Amaral da; Zanotto, Maurício Dutra

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Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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Research Article • Pesq. Agropec. Trop. 52 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5271010 copiar

Divergência genética e qualidade fisiológica de sementes de linhagens de mamoneira anã

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

O desenvolvimento de novos genótipos de mamoneira com alta produtividade de grãos e qualidade fisiológica de sementes é fundamental para o sucesso econômico da cultura. Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de doze linhagens de mamoneira, para determinar genótipos superiores. Foram avaliados a altura de planta, altura de inserção e número de racemos, rendimento de grãos, teor de óleo, porcentagem de germinação e vigor. As linhagens anãs de mamoneira H4, H5 e H11 foram responsáveis por produtividade de grãos acima de 1.400 kg ha^-1 e, portanto, são promissoras para a obtenção de novos híbridos. A seleção indireta de linhagens de mamoneira anã pode ser realizada por meio de características morfológicas. As linhagens H4, H6, H9, H11 e H12 produziram sementes com vigor e qualidade germinativa superiores.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE:
Ricinus communis L; melhoramento de mamoneira; qualidade de sementes

pH	OM	P_resin	K	Ca	Mg	Al	H + Al	SB	CEC	Clay	Silt	Sand	V
pH	g dm^-3	mg dm^-3	^{________________________________} mmol_c dm^{-3 ________________________________}							^{___________________} %^{___________________}
5.0	9.0	9.0	0.2	5.0	2.0	0.0	13.0	7.0	20.0	9.5	5.0	85.5	35

Lines	PH (cm)	R1 (cm)	R2 (cm)	NR	Ø (cm)	GY (kg ha^-1)	OC (%)
H1	108.90 a	35.52 b	52.70 b	4.65 a	1.97 a	1,015 b	42.12 a
H2	113.25 a	40.67 a	59.92 a	4.20 a	2.05 a	1,225 b	43.37 a
H3	109.30 a	35.25 b	54.80 a	4.52 a	2.12 a	1,266 b	43.57 a
H4	112.32 a	34.15 b	56.92 a	4.90 a	2.17 a	1,586 a	43.17 a
H5	103.87 a	32.72 b	51.32 b	4.30 a	2.25 a	1,403 a	43.27 a
H6	103.25 a	32.36 b	51.62 b	4.42 a	2.16 a	1,191 b	43.22 a
H7	104.52 a	32.77 b	52.32 b	4.32 a	2.13 a	1,238 b	44.55 a
H8	101.52 a	32.80 b	49.85 b	4.15 a	2.19 a	1,241 b	43.62 a
H9	97.95 a	31.87 b	50.10 b	3.87 a	2.05 a	1,185 b	43.77 a
H10	108.62 a	35.97 b	56.57 a	4.13 a	2.19 a	1,202 b	44.80 a
H11	109.12 a	33.32 b	55.02 a	4.40 a	2.33 a	1,513 a	43.62 a
H12	107.02 a	32.35 b	51.97 b	4.60 a	2.07 a	1,307 b	43.97 a
Anova	^{_________________________________________________________________} F probability^{_________________________________________________________________}
Lines	1.55^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	4.50^* * Significant at 0.05 of probability;	2.41^* * Significant at 0.05 of probability;	0.96^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.96^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	2.90^* * Significant at 0.05 of probability;	1.02^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.
Blocks	11.54^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	5.27^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	7.54^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	14.37^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	2.32^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	61.44^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.68^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.
Average	106.63	34.15	53.60	4.37	2.14	1,281.35	43.59
Standard error	7.23	2.33	3.95	0.56	0.20	181.94	1.36
CV (%)	6.78	6.81	7.38	12.77	9.26	14.20	3.11

Lines	G (%)	GSI	RM (g)	SM (g)	TM (g)	RL (cm)	SL (cm)	TL (cm)
H1	64.00 b	0.232 b	0.030 b	0.015 c	0.045 b	9.50 a	1.24 a	10.74 a
H2	68.00 b	0.221 b	0.034 a	0.017 b	0.051 a	7.44 b	1.58 a	9.01 a
H3	78.66 a	0.212 b	0.037 a	0.013 c	0.050 a	7.39 b	1.04 b	8.43 a
H4	65.33 b	0.302 a	0.029 b	0.015 c	0.044 b	7.51 b	1.15 b	8.66 a
H5	61.33 b	0.223 b	0.036 a	0.015 c	0.051 a	8.91 a	1.32 a	10.23 a
H6	78.67 a	0.282 a	0.035 a	0.017 b	0.052 a	8.67 a	1.26 a	9.93 a
H7	56.00 b	0.235 b	0.030 b	0.015 c	0.045 b	7.98 b	1.31 a	9.29 a
H8	73.33 a	0.188 b	0.039 a	0.020 a	0.058 a	8.04 b	1.48 a	9.52 a
H9	84.00 a	0.260 a	0.035 a	0.018 b	0.052 a	7.39 b	1.27 a	8.65 a
H10	77.33 a	0.185 b	0.039 a	0.018 b	0.056 a	8.25 b	1.10 b	9.35 a
H11	64.00 b	0.265 a	0.036 a	0.015 c	0.051 a	7.70 b	1.13 b	8.82 a
H12	86.67 a	0.333 a	0.042 a	0.014 c	0.055 a	8.88 a	0.89 b	9.76 a
Anova	^{_______________________________________________________________} F probability^{_______________________________________________________________}
Lines	4.39^* * and	5.500^* * and	4.920^ significant at 0.05 and 0.01 of probability, respectively;	7.7800^ significant at 0.05 and 0.01 of probability, respectively;	2.160^* * and	2.39^* * and	3.56^ significant at 0.05 and 0.01 of probability, respectively;	1.840^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.
Blocks	1.26^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	1.740^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.170^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.2700^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.270^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.09^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.82^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.	0.170^ns ns not significant. Averages followed by the same letter in the column are not statistically different.
Average	71.44	0.245	0.035	0.0160	0.051	8.14	1.23	9.369
Standard error	9.25	0.038	0.002	0.0007	0.008	0.46	0.10	1.036
CV (%)	12.95	15.670	9.890	8.3200	12.350	11.28	16.63	11.060

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