Agronomic response of cauliflower to the addition of silicon to the soil under water deficit<sup>1</sup>

Wenneck, Gustavo Soares; Saath, Reni; Rezende, Roberto; Andrean, André Felipe Barion Alves; Santi, Danilo César

doi:10.1590/1983-40632021v5166908

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Research Article • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 51 • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632021v5166908 copy

Agronomic response of cauliflower to the addition of silicon to the soil under water deficit¹

Resposta agronômica de couve-flor à adição de silício ao solo sob estresse hídrico

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Water deficit in cauliflower cultivation may impair its development and yield. This study aimed to analyze the agronomic performance of cauliflower grown in a protected environment, under different water conditions and silicon (Si) doses. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, with three levels of water replacement [40, 70 and 100 % of the evapotranspiration (ETc)] and four Si doses (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha^-1), with four replications. Leaf (SPAD index, area, fresh and dry weight), stem (diameter, height, fresh and dry weight) and inflorescence (diameter, fresh weight, dry weight, water content and commercial classification) characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of 40 % of the ETc showed lower results for the SPAD index in the phases II and III, leaf area, leaf and stem fresh weight and inflorescence diameter. The 70 % replacement cultivation showed a yield similar to that of the 100 % of the ETc. The use of Si was beneficial for the productive performance of the cauliflower at all levels of water replacement.

KEYWORDS:
Brassica oleracea var. botrytis; water stress; irrigation management

Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Phase I	Phase II	Phase III
0	40	54.23^ns ns Not significant at 5 % of probability.	34.43 b	23.32 c
	70	52.24	37.09 a	30.10 b
	100	52.59	37.35 a	35.02 a
50	40	51.04	40.05 b	26.40 c
	70	52.90	45.51 a	41.87 b
	100	54.06	44.15 a	47.26 a
100	40	49.50	42.60 b	22.75 c
	70	54.20	46.80 a	47.42 b
	100	53.79	47.77 a	61.60 a
150	40	53.48	45.37 a	24.31 c
	70	59.13	43.76 a	49.10 b
	100	54.51	49.20 a	64.93 a
Coefficient of variation (%)		8.86	17.75	18.30

Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Diameter (mm)	Height (cm)	Fresh mass	Dry mass
Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Diameter (mm)	Height (cm)	g
0	40	33.98^ns ns Not significant at 5 % of probability.	27.90^ns ns Not significant at 5 % of probability.	124.88 c	24.26 b
	70	34.95	26.66	188.68 b	37.15 a
	100	32.15	27.25	244.94 a	37.00 a
50	40	33.22	28.30	140.73 b	36.03 b
	70	37.89	28.50	214.43 a	40.88 a
	100	32.20	26.25	243.44 a	43.41 a
100	40	36.17	32.40	143.05 b	36.39 b
	70	31.32	28.80	220.25 a	36.76 b
	100	33.16	21.58	251.70 a	40.62 a
150	40	35.61	30.50	171.00 b	42.95 b
	70	34.21	27.44	225.24 a	40.21 b
	100	33.70	29.16	265.24 a	46.11 a
Coefficient of variation (%)		18.99	16.66	15.71	20.18

Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Leaves plant^-1	Matter		Leaf area mm²
			fresh	dry
			g
0	40	17.00 b	487.88 b	62.50 c	4,753.02 c
	70	22.00 a	756.96 a	82.51 b	5,221.43 b
	100	20.50 a	795.26 a	108.85 a	6,849.19 a
50	40	17.83 b	475.13 b	89.43 b	6,420.54 b
	70	23.20 a	795.26 a	92.62 b	7,006.23 a
	100	22.83 a	827.56 a	106.98 a	6,925.74 a
100	40	22.00 a	579.45 b	83.81 b	6,004.48 b
	70	22.80 a	799.96 a	97.74 a	7,599.54 a
	100	21.83 a	831.96 a	109.94 a	7,651.54 a
150	40	19.40 b	627.04 b	86.20 b	6,073.93 c
	70	23.20 a	828.06 a	97.85 a	7,050.65 b
	100	26.00 a	831.63 a	102.74 a	8,627.49 a
Coefficient of variation (%)		23.68	38.18	16.78	18.42

Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Inflorescence
Silicon (kg ha^-1)	Water replacement level (% ETc)	Fresh matter (g)	Diameter (mm)	Water content (% wb)
0	40	619.34 b	186.64 b	90.94^ns
	70	634.90 b	211.36 a	89.97
	100	840.63 a	207.94 a	90.15
50	40	746.55 b	204.95 b	91.44
	70	749.47 b	212.24 ab	90.91
	100	878.48 a	223.58 a	90.92
100	40	719.09 b	201.98 b	90.41
	70	931.87 a	233.83 a	89.77
	100	929.01 a	217.38 a	91.26
150	40	606.58 b	182.21 b	90.46
	70	925.04 a	273.08 a	90.53
	100	1,013.19 a	238.76 a	91.38
Coefficient of variation (%)		17.52	4.30	1.24

Escola de Agronomia/UFG Caixa Postal 131 - Campus II, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO / Brasil, 55 62 3521-1552 - Goiânia - GO - Brazil
E-mail: revistapat.agro@ufg.br

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[TFN1] ^*
Means with equal letters do not differ from each other by the Tukey test at 5 % of significance.

[TFN2] ^ns
Not significant at 5 % of probability.

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Agronomic response of cauliflower to the addition of silicon to the soil under water deficit1

Resposta agronômica de couve-flor à adição de silício ao solo sob estresse hídrico

ABSTRACT

Agronomic response of cauliflower to the addition of silicon to the soil under water deficit¹