Development and Validation of an Educational Comic Book for Guidance on the Safe Use of Fluoride Toothpaste by Children

Flório, Flávia Martão; Rached, Enzo Abi; Victorelli, Gabriela; Silva, Almenara de Souza Fonseca; Arsati, Ynara Bosco de Oliveira Lima

doi:10.1590/pboci.2023.027

Flávia Martão Flório Correspondence: Flávia Martão Flório, Rua Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Vila Lemos, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 13045-755. E-mail:flaviaflorio@yahoo.com

Conceptualization

Methodology

Formal Analysis

Data Curation

Writing - Original Draft

Writing - Review and Editing and Project Administration

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published

Department of Collective Health, Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7742-0255

Enzo Abi Rached

Investigation and Writing - Original Draft

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published

Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8121-7353

Gabriela Victorelli

Writing - Review and Editing and Funding Acquisition

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published

Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4762-3972

Almenara de Souza Fonseca Silva

Investigation

Writing - Original Draft and Writing - Review and Editing

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published

Sao Leopoldo Mandic Dental School and Research Center, Campinas, SP, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0958-3391

Ynara Bosco de Oliveira Lima Arsati

Methodology

Investigation

Writing - Original Draft and Writing - Review and Editing

All authors declare that they contributed to critical review of intellectual content and approval of the final version to be published

Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1059-2797

Correspondence: Flávia Martão Flório, Rua Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Vila Lemos, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 13045-755. E-mail:flaviaflorio@yahoo.com

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Constituent Parts	Presentation	Body of The Comic Book		Summary (Version 02)
		Version 1	Version 2
Pages	1	3	2	1
Words	116	862	763	92
Characters without Space	605	3923	3444	471
Characters with Space	718	4773	4203	560
Paragraphs	4	42	42	6
Lines	11	74	68	10

Variables	Flesch Readability Index (FI)	Readability
Introduction	68.4	Text quite difficult to understand (60-70)
Body of the comic book (Version 1)	92.0	Text very easy to understand (90-100)
Body of the comic book (Version 2)	92.2	Text very easy to understand (90-100)
Summary (Version 2)	74.6	Text a little difficult to understand (70-80)
Total (Version 2)	88.09	Text easy to understand (80-90)

	Judges’ Evaluations				CVI
Content Validity Distribution	I^§ § Inadequate;	PA^‡ ‡ Partially adequate;	A^† † Adequate;	TA^{^* * Totally adequate;}	CVI
BLOCK 1 - OBJECTIVES
Is the information consistent with the day-to-day needs of the target population?	0	0	2	5	1.00
Is the information/content important for the target population's quality of life and/or work?	0	0	2	5	1.00
Does it invite and/or instigate behavior and attitude change?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Can it circulate in the scientific environment of the area?	0	0	3	4	1.00
Does it meet the objectives of institutions that serve/work with the target population?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Partial Total			7 (20%)	28 (80%)	1.00
Block 2 - Structure and presentation
Is the comic book appropriate for the target audience? Are messages clearly and objectively presented?	0	0	3	4	1.00
Is the information presented scientifically correct?	0	1	4	2	0.85
Is the material appropriate to the sociocultural level of the target population?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Is there a logical sequence of proposed content?	0	0	7		1.00
Is the information well-structured?	0	1	2	4	0.85
Is the information well-structured in concordance and spelling?	0	1	3	3	0.85
Does the writing style match the level of knowledge of the target population?	0	0		7	1.00
Is the comic book appropriate for the target audience? Are messages clearly and objectively presented?	0	0	6	1	1.00
Partial Total		3 (5.4%)	25 (44.6%)	28 (50%)	0.94
BLOCK 3 - RELEVANCE
Do the themes present key aspects that should be reinforced?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Does technology (comic book) allow learning generalization and transfer?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Does technology (comic book) propose knowledge construction?	0	0	1	6	1.00
Does the technology (comic book) address the subjects necessary for the knowledge of the target audience?	0	0	0	7	1.00
Is the technology (comic book) to be used by any professional with the target audience?	0	0	4	3	1.00
Partial Total			5	35	1.00
General CVI		3 (2.3%)	37 (28.2%)	91 (69.5%)	0.97

Assessment Blocks	I^§	PA^‡ ‡ Partially adequate; §Inadequate;	A^† † Adequate;	TA^{^* * Totally adequate;}	CVI^¶ ¶ Content Validity Index.
Content
Is the information/content coherent?	0	0	6	18	1.00
Is the information/content presented in a clear and understandable way?	0	0	5	19	1.00
Is the way in which the content of the comic book is presented inviting to those who read it?	0	0	4	20	1.00
Does it meet the purpose of providing guidance on the safe use of fluoride toothpaste for children?	0	0	3	21	1.00
Is there a logical sequence of content?	0	0	5	19	1.00
Does the content repeat in the comic book?	0	0	9	15	1.00
TOTAL OF THE BLOCK	0	0	32 (22.2%)	112 (77.8%)	1.00
Design
Is the comic book adequate and does it help to understand the content?	0	0	5	19	1.00
Are the images that compose the comic book suitable for the content being worked on?	0	0	5	19	1.00
Is the scenario appropriate?	0	0	6	18	1.00
Are the illustrations used adequate to the work content? Are the colors and the design of images adequate?	0	1	5	18	0.96
Is the comic book adequate and does it help to understand the content?	0	0	7	17	1.00
TOTAL OF THE BLOCK	0	1 (0.4%)	60 (22.7%)	203 (76.9%)	1.00
Characters
Do characters speak clearly?	0	0	4	20	1.00
Is the way they present themselves adequate?	0	0	3	21	1.00
Are the statements adequate and reflect reality?	0	0	6	18	1.00
TOTAL OF THE BLOCK	0	0	13 (18.1%)	59 (81.9%)	1.00
Overall Total	0	1 (0.3%)	73 (21.7%)	262 (78.0%)	0.997

[1] Correspondence: Flávia Martão Flório, Rua Dr. José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Vila Lemos, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 13045-755. E-mail:flaviaflorio@yahoo.com

Brasil

Brasil

Development and Validation of an Educational Comic Book for Guidance on the Safe Use of Fluoride Toothpaste by Children

ABSTRACT

Objective:

Material and Methods:

Results:

Conclusion: