This research aimed to identify the floristic composition of weed communities present in lowland agricultural areas under different management systems. The trial was carried out in flooded rice areas of two different co-ops located in Formoso do Araguaia, Tocantins, Brazil: Mista Rural Vale do Javaés Co-op and Agroindustrial Rio Formoso Co-op. Three different 1 ha areas were selected: 1 - area under 5- year no crop rotation system (rice/fallow); 2 - area under 5- year rice/soybean crop rotation system; and 3 - area under 2- year rice/water-melon crop rotation system. The characterization and phyto-sociological studies of the weed community were carried out using square samples of 1.0 x 1.0 meter randomly placed inside each selected area (Inventory Square Method). Eight families and 16 species were identified in the no-crop rotation area, with the family Poaceae presenting the largest number of species and Fimbristylis miliacea (Cyperaceae) presenting the highest relative importance value (84.46%). The 5-year rice soybean crop rotation system area had 8 families and 12 species with the Poaceae and Cyperaceae presenting the largest number of species and Cyperus esculentus (Cyperaceae) the highest relative importance value (91. 40 %). Six families and 8 species were identified in the 2-year rice/water-melon crop rotation system area, with the Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae families presenting the largest number of species. Physalis angulata (Solanaceae) showed the highest relative importance value (153.10%), followed by Eclipta alba (Compositae) and Hyptis lophanta (Lamiaceae) with a relative importance value of 40.50% and 37.60%, respectively.
lowlands; crop rotation; phyto-sociological study; weed
