Application of Various Herbicides on Controlling Large and Narrow Leaf Weeds and Their Effects on Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat

Bari, A.; Baloch, M.S.; Shah, A.N.; Khakwani, A.A.; Hussain, I.; IQBAL, J.; Ali, A.; Bukhari, M. A.

doi:10.1590/S0100-83582020380100009

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Article • Planta daninha 38 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100009 linkcopy

Application of Various Herbicides on Controlling Large and Narrow Leaf Weeds and Their Effects on Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat

Aplicação de Diversos Herbicidas no Controle de Plantas Daninhas de Folhas Grandes e Estreitas e seus Efeitos nas Características Fisiológicas e Agronômicas do Trigo

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

In order to examine application of various herbicides for controlling weeds in wheat crop, a field trial was conducted at the Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) during the year 2015-2016. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangements having three replications. The main plot was comprised application time of herbicides while the use of herbicides was assigned to sub-plots. The data revealed that most of the weed parameters, physiological traits and agronomic attributes of crop plants were significantly affected by weed management practices including the use of herbicides at different time intervals over the weedy check. Hand weeding technique excelled all other weed management practices in almost all the parameters studied. This technique was found to be the most effective treatment against all prevailing weeds and obtained the highest grain yield of wheat under climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan.

Keywords: weeds; herbicides; practices; control

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Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas Departamento de Fitotecnia - DFT, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, 36570-000 - Viçosa-MG - Brasil, Tel./Fax::(+55 31) 3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: rpdaninha@gmail.com

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[TFN1] LSD0.05 (Herbicides) = 6.879, 7.373 at 45 and 90 DAS respectively. Different letters are shown statistically significant at 5% probability. NS Non-significant.

Main plot
	Time of application
	M1= 30 days after sowing
	M2= 60 days after sowing
	Sub-plots
	Herbicides
1	For broad leaf weeds
	Wheat Star (Tribenuron+Fluraxypyr+Clorophyralid)
	Bromax (Bromoxinal+MCPA)
	Selector (Bromoxinal+MCPA)
	Staraine M (Fluraxypyr)
	Buctril Super (Bromoxinal+MCPA)
	Alymax (Mesosulfuron+Iodosulfuran)
2	For narrow leaf weeds
	Kill Fop (Clodinafop)
	Clincher (Bromoxinal+MCPA)
	Axial (Propinocarb)
	Plate Form (Clodinafop)
	Puma Super (Fenoxaprop P Ethyl)
	Pujjing (Fenoxaprop P Ethyl)
3	For both broad and narrow leaf weeds
	Atlantus (Tribenuron+Metsulfuron)
	Hand Weeding
	Control (Weedy check)

Herbicide name	45 DAS			90 DAS
	Application time		Mean	Application time		Mean
	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean
H₁ = Plate Form (Clodinafop)	45.500 ^NS	48.800	47.150 a	53.233 ^NS	49.100	51.167 ab
H₂ = Killfop (Clodinafop)	47.700	48.133	47.917 a	53.267	48.637	50.950 ab
H₃ = Wheat Star (Tribenuron + Fluraxypyr + Clorophyralid)	49.167	47.867	48.517 a	51.133	47.333	49.233 ab
H₄ = Clincher (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	48.167	47.567	47.867 a	49.867	47.667	48.767 ab
H₅ = Bromax (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	49.067	47.967	48.517 a	52.567	48.000	50.283 ab
H₆ = Pujjing (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	47.633	47.567	47.600 a	53.300	52.167	52.733 a
H₇ = Selector (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	47.500	44.033	45.767 ab	53.800	49.067	51.433 ab
H₈ = Staraine M (Fluraxypyr)	45.800	44.500	45.150 ab	51.700	54.600	53.150 a
H₉ = Axial (Propinocarb)	47.500	47.767	47.633 a	50.300	54.467	52.383 a
H₁₀ = Buctril Super (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	46.867	42.900	44.883 ab	51.300	51.500	51.400 ab
H₁₁ = Puma Super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	44.333	47.533	45.933 ab	53.167	51.600	52.383 a
H₁₂ = Atlantis (Tribenuron + Metsulfuron)	46.067	47.533	46.800 a	50.533	49.767	50.150 ab
H₁₃ = Alymax (Mesosulfuron + Iodosulfuran)	42.000	45.633	43.817 ab	51.033	49.567	50.300 ab
H₁₄ = Hand Weeding	48.400	49.567	48.983 a	53.033	52.467	52.750 a
H₁₅ = Control (no weeding)	39.400	39.767	39.583 b	44.400	44.967	44.683 b
Mean	46.340 ^NS	46.476		51.509 ^NS	50.060

Herbicide name	Application time		Mean	Application time		Mean
Herbicide name	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean
H₁ = Plate Form (Clodinafop)	0.3933 ^NS	0.3633	0.3783 ^NS	1.0133 ^NS	0.7533	0.8833 ^NS
H₂ = Killfop (Clodinafop)	0.4633	0.4967	0.4800	1.0933	1.0933	1.0933
H₃ = Wheat Star (Tribenuron + Fluraxypyr + Clorophyralid)	0.3633	0.5000	0.4317	0.9433	1.0867	1.0150
H₄ = Clincher (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	0.6800	0.4500	0.5650	1.1533	0.8500	1.0017
H₅ = Bromax (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	0.5600	0.3600	0.4600	1.0900	0.9633	1.0267
H₆ = Pujjing (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	0.5000	0.4867	0.4933	0.9333	1.2100	1.0717
H₇ = Selector (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	0.5500	0.3433	0.4467	1.1167	0.8400	0.9783
H₈ = Staraine M (Fluraxypyr)	0.4900	0.4400	0.4650	0.9233	0.9233	0.9600
H₉ = Axial (Propinocarb)	0.4667	0.2933	0.3800	0.7967	0.9567	0.8767
H₁₀ = Buctril Super (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	0.5500	0.3633	0.4567	1.2300	0.8600	1.0450
H₁₁ = Puma Super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	0.3933	0.3833	0.3883	0.9933	0.9167	0.9550
H₁₂ = Atlantis (Tribenuron + Metsulfuron)	0.5267	0.2800	0.4033	1.2600	0.6100	0.9350
H₁₃ = Alymax (Mesosulfuron + Iodosulfuran)	0.5433	0.5000	0.5217	1.2700	0.9300	1.1000
H₁₄ = Hand Weeding	0.6033	0.5700	0.5867	1.2933	1.2467	1.2700
H₁₅ = Control (no weeding)	0.3700	0.3267	0.3483	0.9033	0.7967	0.8500
Mean	0.0490 ^NS	0.4100		1.0724 a	0.9358 b

Herbicide mame	Application time		Mean	Application time		Mean
Herbicide mame	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean
H₁ = Plate Form (Clodinafop)	62.67 abc	54.67 abc	58.67 ^NS	16.33 a-d	24.00 a-d	19.667 a-e
H₂ = Killfop (Clodinafop)	33.33 c	48.00 abc	40.67	37.33 ab	35.66 abc	36.500 a
H₃ = Wheat Star (Tribenuron + Fluraxypyr + Clorophyralid)	84.00 abc	37.33 abc	60.67	25.33 a-d	18.33 a-d	21.833 a-e
H₄ = Clincher (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	102.67 abc	37.33 abc	70.00	12.00 bcd	10.66 bcd	11.333 b-e
H₅ = Bromax (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	41.33 abc	64.00 abc	52.67	9.33 bcd	20.00 a-d	14.667 b-e
H₆ = Pujjing (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	56.00 abc	37.33 abc	46.67	37.33 ab	15.00 a-d	26.167 abc
H₇ = Selector (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	161.33 ab	61.33 abc	111.33	18.66 a-d	13.66 a-d	16.167 a-e
H₈ = Staraine M (Fluraxypyr)	73.33 abc	45.33 abc	59.33	30.66 a-d	12.66 bcd	21.667 a-e
H₉ = Axial (Propinocarb)	162.67 ab	46.67 abc	104.67	21.33 a-d	12.33 bcd	16.83 a-e
H₁₀ = Buctril Super (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	105.33 abc	54.67 abc	80.00	28.00 a-d	18.00 a-d	23.000 a-d
H₁₁ = Puma Super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	69.33 abc	46.67 abc	58.00	30.66 a-d	28.00 a-d	29.333 ab
H₁₂ = Atlantis (Tribenuron + Metsulfuron)	177.33 a	44.00 abc	110.67	6.66 bcd	5.66 bcd	6.167 cde
H₁₃ = Alymax (Mesosulfuron + Iodosulfuran)	78.67 abc	45.33 abc	62.00	5.33 bcd	4.66 cd	5.000 de
H₁₄ = Hand Weeding	30.67 c	37.33 abc	34.00	1.000 d	2.66 d	1.83 e
H₁₅ = Control (no weeding)	162.67 ab	64.00 abc	113.33	46.66 a	35.66 abc	41.16 a
Mean	86.75 ^NS	48.26		22.778 ^NS	15.778

Herbicide name	Application time		Mean	Application time		Mean
Herbicide name	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean	30 DAS	60 DAS	Mean
H₁ = Plate Form (Clodinafop)	5.400 bc	17.467 abc	11.433 ^NS	24.07 c	58.00 bc	41.033 abc
H₂ = Killfop (Clodinafop)	5.200 c	28.667 abc	16.933	28.33 bc	62.83 bc	45.58 abc
H₃ = Wheat Star (Tribenuron + Fluraxypyr + Clorophyralid)	6.800 bc	21.067 abc	13.933	12.53 c	69.43 abc	40.983 abc
H₄ = Clincher (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	7.333 bc	16.400 abc	11.867	7.00 c	25.13 c	16.067 c
H₅ = Bromax (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	5.200 c	37.067 ab	21.133	8.00 c	30.87 bc	19.433 bc
H₆ = Pujjing (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	5.867 bc	20.933 abc	13.400	20.13c	79.47 abc	49.800 abc
H₇ = Selector (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	8.800 bc	20.267 abc	14.533	7.47 c	29.43 bc	18.450 bc
H₈ = Staraine M (Fluraxypyr)	8.667 bc	15.200 abc	11.933	17.07 c	36.80 bc	26.933 bc
H₉ = Axial (Propinocarb)	6.933 bc	22.800 abc	14.866	19.20 c	71.10 abc	45.15 abc
H₁₀ = Buctril Super (Bromoxinal + MCPA)	8.000 bc	22.667 abc	15.333	13.60 c	35.80 bc	24.700 bc
H₁₁ = Puma Super (Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl)	6.533 bc	26.533 abc	16.533	26.80 c	114.26 ab	70.517 ab
H₁₂ = Atlantis (Tribenuron + Metsulfuron)	8.267 bc	15.733 abc	12.000	20.00 c	66.27 bc	43.133 abc
H₁₃ = Alymax (Mesosulfuron + Iodosulfuran)	6.000 bc	19.067 abc	12.533	8.33 c	25.20 c	16.765 c
H₁₄ = Hand Weeding	5.200 c	15.200 abc	10.200	6.13 c	5.87 c	6.00 c
H₁₅ = Control (no weeding)	8.800 bc	40.933 a	24.866	30.00 bc	152.80 a	91.40 a
Mean	6.982 b	23.369 a		16.644 b	57.549 a